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Search indexed NASA NTRS and DOE OSTI research on propulsion, heat transfer, battery materials and energy systems. Follow report and document links to the original sources.

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All sourcesNASA NTRSDOE OSTI
DOE OSTI2024

Geographic Information System Mapping Tool for Rainwater Harvesting in the United States

The Rainwater Harvesting Tool is a publicly available web-based geographic information system tool developed using geospatial analysis in combination with historic ZIP Code level monthly average precipitation and evapotranspiration data across the United States to help select potential locations for harvesting rainwater. Rainwater harvesting can provide a key source of alternative water for a variety of uses including landscape irrigation, vehicle wash, cooling tower makeup, dust suppression, and toilet flushing. Rainwater harvesting can help support institutional, commercial, and residential buildings in diversifying water sources and offset the use of freshwater. This tool aims to help organizations strategically target locations to implement rainwater harvesting systems. The metric used in the tool is called the rainwater harvesting potential, which is a normalized metric, measured in inches per year. The rainwater harvesting potential describes the amount of rainwater that can be reasonably collected and stored at a specific location. This metric was used to rank areas delineated by ZIP Codes across the US, from lowest to highest to show the relative availability of rainwater for harvesting. Two mapping layers are included in the tool that show the general rainwater harvesting potential for all applications and a layer that specifically shows the potential for harvesting rainwater to supply irrigation The Rainwater Harvesting Tool allows users to view overall trends across the United States, while also allowing the user to zoom in to a scale where ZIP Code boundaries are clearly delineated. The tool can be used to help organizations with buildings located in multiple regions to strategically identify where to install rainwater harvesting systems and prioritize locations that may be optimal for rainwater harvesting.

47 OTHER INSTRUMENTATION↗
DOE OSTI2021

Climate impacts associated with reduced diet diversity in children across nineteen countries

It is widely anticipated that climate change will negatively affect both food security and diet diversity. Diet diversity is especially critical for children as it correlates with macro and micronutrient intake important for child development. Despite these anticipated links, little empirical evidence has demonstrated a relationship between diet diversity and climate change, especially across large datasets spanning multiple global regions and with more recent climate data. Here we use survey data from 19 countries and more than 107 000 children, coupled with 30 years of precipitation and temperature data, to explore the relationship of climate to child diet diversity while controlling for other agroecological, geographic, and socioeconomic factors. We find that higher long-term temperatures are associated with decreases in overall child diet diversity, while higher rainfall in the previous year, compared to the long-term average rainfall, is associated with greater diet diversity. Examining six regions (Asia, Central America, North Africa, South America, Southeast Africa, and West Africa) individually, we find that five have significant reductions in diet diversity associated with higher temperatures while three have significant increases in diet diversity associated with higher precipitation. In West Africa, increasing rainfall appears to counterbalance the effect of rising temperature impacts on diet diversity. In some regions, the statistical effect of climate on diet diversity is comparable to, or greater than, other common development efforts including those focused on education, improved water and toilets, and poverty reduction. These results suggest that warming temperatures and increasing rainfall variability could have profound short- and long-term impacts on child diet diversity, potentially undermining widespread development interventions aimed at improving food security.

54 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES↗
DOE OSTI2023

The Bikinians

On March 29, 1944, a small contingent of Marines invaded Bikini Atoll. Their mission was to wrest control of the atoll from Japan and, at the same time, prevent the Bikinians from interfering with the ongoing war effort. The Marines found only five Japanese, all dead by suicide, and about 150 starving islanders who also were suffering from such diseases as the Yaws. The Marines fed the Bikinians and secured medical treatment for them. The Bikinians, like all Marshallese, were extremely grateful to be rescued by Americans. Two years later, the Navy landed on Bikini to send the islanders into exile so that their ancestral homeland could be used for Operation Crossroads. On March 7 th , the Bikinians were relocated to uninhabited Rongerik Atoll, where the Navy had built a village complete with twenty-six homes, canvas water tanks, screened toilets, and nine concrete cisterns. Although the accommodations were adequate, the Navy did not understand that uninhabited Marshallese atolls cannot sustain native life. Within two years, the Bikinians would have to be rescued from starvation again.

99 GENERAL AND MISCELLANEOUS↗
DOE OSTI2024

Fueling Seniors: Meal Subsidy through Co-Generation

Formed in 1971, The Towers is an affordable HUD 202, 328-unit, living community with supportive services for extremely low, low and moderately low-income seniors. The average resident age is 79 and the average annual income is $\$$18,900. Approximately 70% of our residents receive assistance with their activities of daily living (e.g. hands-on bathing, feeding, dressing and toileting). We offer such services in a unique person-centered way through a wraparound support services model not always available in smaller low-income housing sites with assisted living (e.g. onsite service coordinators, engagement programs specific to the needs of our current and changing resident population and onsite 24-hour security who act as first response staff). The Towers serves the City of New Haven and surrounding areas by providing community-based senior care and support services that are affordable for individuals with limited resources. Our unique cost structure enables hundreds of seniors to avoid premature placement into nursing homes or other institutional care settings, even though they lack personal financial resources. This enables us to proactively keep our residents independent and healthy for as long as possible.

32 ENERGY CONSERVATION, CONSUMPTION, AND UTILIZATI↗