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At least 19 records

Tribal Revegetation Project Final Project Report: 92-Acre Area, Area 5 Radioactive Waste Management Complex, Nevada National Security Site, Nevada

Nuwu (Southern Paiute), Newe (Western Shoshone), and Nuumu (Owens Valley Paiute) are linguistically related, Numic-speaking peoples who are part of the broader Uto-Aztecan language group. Numic peoples view the land as a holistic, living, sentient being with feelings and purpose. The land is personified with human characteristics and it needs to be experienced to be understood through “learning by doing.” Numic peoples do not support ground disturbing activities within their ancestral lands, including activities tied to the storage of low-level radioactive waste or classified materials on the NNSS, which they view as culturally inappropriate. These deep-rooted ancestral connections are the impetus for reinforcing Numic responsibility for healing disturbed areas by integrating respect and patience with consistent Tribal interaction. Tribal Ecological Knowledge (TEK) is the science of describing Tribal approaches for understanding natural resources. Numic TEK is embedded in traditional teachings learned incrementally over time though experience and it evolves through lessons learned and responses to environmental changes over millennia. Therefore, TEK can broaden and enhance Western scientific knowledge associated with revegetation, especially in highly disturbed areas. The project blended TEK with Western scientific ecological methods to create a vegetative cover within test plots on the 92-Acre Area located at the Radioactive Waste Management Complex (RWMC) located in Area 5 on the Nevada National Security Site (NNSS). The vegetated test plots were systematically created for the Department of Energy (DOE) in tandem with the existing Federal Facilities Agreement and Consent Order (FFACO) with the Nevada Department of Environmental Protection (NDEP). Three previous contractor-lead attempts at revegetation, one targeting full cover revegetation and two targeting test plot revegetation, did not achieve the anticipated results at this location. When presented to the 16 American Indian Tribal nations and affiliated groups with cultural and historical ties to the NNSS, the group appointed a Tribal Revegetation Committee (TRC) that included six expert Tribal knowledge holders to collaborate with an ethnoecologist/cultural anthropologist and two biologists. Project design, planning, seed and outplant selection, spiritual land preparation, and methodology were guided by the TRC and an ethnoecologist/cultural anthropologist from Portland State University (PSU) and biologists from Desert Research Institute (DRI). Using TEK, the TRC recommended a specific seed mixture that contained nine native plant species and three species of outplants. The revegetation effort included preparing and planting thirty 10 m × 10 m (32.8 ft × 32.8 ft) seeded plots, twelve of which also included outplants; and eight 10 m × 100 m (32.8 ft × 328 ft) plots that only received outplants, all atop a waste cell cover. The TRC and the project team creatively adapted TEK with Western scientific methods so that the planned revegetation efforts could occur within the safety and security parameters of the RWMC. Test plots were subjected to one of five soil treatments with varying combinations of straw or mulch applications, soil amendment, and/or outplant planting and one of two watering treatments (watered or unwatered). Planting was divided into two events: one in the fall season and another during the subsequent spring season based on TEK and a corresponding recommendation from the TRC. Monitoring and spiritual management was conducted by the TRC to evaluate plant progress on a monthly basis (in conjunction with the biologist and anthropologist) during each respective growing season for a period of three years after planting. This approach allowed Tribal members the opportunity to conduct traditional blessings and other culturally appropriate activities to restore balance to the land in accordance with Tribal protocols. Following TEK-guided methods, successful plant establishment from seed stock and outplants was observed in many plots. Overall, plots planted in the spring, as recommended by the TRC, showed higher rates of outplant survival and native seedling emergence than those planted in the fall. This finding is significant because it is contrary to the original guidance and previous approaches provided for planting in this region. The TRC believes the frequent co-occurrence of native seedlings near surviving outplants indicates an important symbiotic relationship understood by Tribal communities and overlooked by others. Watered outplants displayed much higher survivability than unwatered plants, even after watering was reduced after the plants were established. Soil amendments and mulch created higher densities of native plants from seed. Many native seedlings showed significant delays in germination, which is considered a normal adaptation to desert climates. Some native plants did not germinate until the third growing year, whereas others germinated during the first growing year, which demonstrates the complexity of the desert environment. Evidence of native insects, reptiles, mammals, and birds, as well as native plants that were not part of the planted species, were noted and considered culturally significant. Despite the presence of non-native plants, native outplants continued to thrive and the incidence of native plant germination from seed increased over time. These successful revegetation results where previous efforts were unsuccessful reinforce the importance of integrating regionally appropriate, TEK-guided methodology with Western science to achieve positive results and the necessity of integrating Tribal involvement in all stages of the revegetation effort. Expanded approaches coupled with Tribal knowledge and tools from Western science addressed a complex problem tied to revegetating atop a low-level radioactive waste cell. The level of Tribal participation serves as a progressive model for building collaborative relationships and addressing ecological challenges on the NNSS.

54 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES↗

Addressing Regulatory Challenges to Tribal Solar Deployment: Preprint

Although Tribal land represents more than 5% of the solar photovoltaic technical potential in the United States, this resource is largely untapped due to a range of barriers, including complex project economics, Tribal technical and human resource capacity, project funding and financing obstacles, and regulatory challenges. To identify and better understand the regulatory barriers, the National Renewable Energy Laboratory (NREL) and the Midwest Tribal Energy Resources Association (MTERA) engaged Tribes, utilities, and regulators. Funded by the U.S. Department of Energy, the 3-year effort seeks to address regulatory challenges or barriers that affect Tribal solar projects differently - specifically or disproportionately because they are located on Tribal lands. This paper, largely excerpted from a comprehensive (draft) guidebook released by NREL and MTERA, provides an overview of 13 key regulatory barriers identified through this research, as well as potential short- and long-term solutions. In addition, the paper points to potential pathways for addressing key barriers through case studies highlighting successful Tribal solar projects along with considerations for stakeholders working with Tribes. These resources can support stakeholders in creating meaningful relationships and pursuing workable solar projects.

ENERGY PLANNING, POLICY, AND ECONOMY,SOLAR ENERGY↗

Tribal Renewable Energy: Bishop Paiute Tribe Youth Solar Job Training Development (Final Report)

This Project provided workshops and hands on opportunities for young tribal adults to gain education,training,and employment in the solar industry; including 1 youth to meet the eligibility requirements for the NABCEP Solar Installer Exam. 10 tribal youth, ages 16-24, attended workshops focused on learning solar fundamentals and then applied those learned skills to hands on training, installing solar on 2 tribal homes. GRID provided certificates authenticating their volunteer hours and skills learned. This program of youth training really excited the tribal leadership as well as the tribal youth. This opportunity was in alignment with the tribe’s Strategic Energy Plan, and supported tribal self-sufficiency, a path to economic development and for the youth it also represented the environmental stewardship the tribe believes in.

14 SOLAR ENERGY↗

Addressing Regulatory Challenges to Tribal Solar Deployment (Abbreviated Final Technical Report)

Tribal land in the United States represents approximately 2% of the country’s total landmass and holds more than 5% of the solar photovoltaic potential (Doris, Lopez, and Beckley 2013). Though many Tribes have explored options to install solar photovoltaic (PV) generation capacity on their land, regulatory hurdles have often prevented them from doing so. The National Renewable Energy Laboratory (NREL) and the Midwest Tribal Energy Resources Association (MTERA) partnered on this 3-year project, Addressing Regulatory Challenges to Tribal Solar Deployment. The project sought to unlock Tribal solar potential by bringing together Tribal, regulatory, utility, and other stakeholders to articulate key barriers to Tribal solar PV adoption and develop replicable solutions.

14 SOLAR ENERGY↗

Proposed Solutions to Regulatory Barriers to Tribal Solar Development

The Tribal Solar Initiative is a partnership between NREL and the Midwest Tribal Energy Resources Association. The Tribal Solar Initiative project goal is to articulate key barriers to Tribal solar and Tribal solar-plus-storage adoption at all scales and to ready stakeholders to implement options to address these challenges. This conference presentation focuses on net-metering and a tribal solar case study regarding net-metering.

ENERGY PLANNING, POLICY, AND ECONOMY,SOLAR ENERGY↗

Technical Assistance for Rural Alaska Tribal Energy Solutions (Final Technical Report)

The original intent of this project was to provide technical assistance (TA) to rural Tribal communities across all regions of Alaska with a focus on public infrastructure. The Alaska Native Tribal Health Consortium (ANTHC) met this goal by providing more than 48 instances of energy-related technical assistance to rural Alaska Native communities, many of which led to them securing funding and implementing new projects that contributed to reducing the high cost of energy. Additionally, the Department of Energy (DOE) Office of Indian Energy staff saw the benefits of the energy technical assistance services being provided by ANTHC and, recognizing the value of having a trusted tribal non-profit entity providing technical support to its membership, amended the project to include standardization of TA services, internal capacity building, and regional outreach. This amended scope allowed ANTHC to streamline and standardize its technical assistance process, provide outreach to rural Alaska Native communities about DOE and ANTHC’s technical assistance program, and improve the ability of staff to provide even higher quality technical deliverables in support of energy projects. Overall, this project was successful in using technical assistance to empower both rural Alaska Native communities and the Alaska Native Tribal Health Consortium to develop and deploy energy efficiency and renewable energy solutions that will reduce the extremely high energy cost burdens facing Tribal communities in Alaska.

29 ENERGY PLANNING, POLICY, AND ECONOMY↗

Illuminating Common Ground: Success Factors for Contiguous US Tribal Solar Energy

Tribal energy development is a complex multi-faceted topic. The objective of this work is to identify common themes across tribal solar energy deployment projects, focusing specifically on lessons learned and recommendations. Identifying these commonalities and learning from the experiences of tribes that have embarked in energy development efforts can help to inform the development of future tribal solar energy projects. A thematic qualitative analysis approach was used to analyze project reports and presentations for 41 tribal solar deployment projects (only within the contiguous United States) funded by the Office of Indian Energy Policy and Programs, applying a framework of success factors developed from the literature. The results of the qualitative analysis are described in four discrete parts: comprehensive and inclusive planning, fostering partnerships and collaboration, building capacity, and exercising and advancing tribal sovereignty. Each of the overarching themes inform recommendations for tribes to promote the success of solar projects.

14 SOLAR ENERGY↗

Addressing Regulatory Challenges to Tribal Solar Deployment: Key Findings

Tribal land in the United States represents approximately 2% of the country's total landmass and holds more than 5% of solar photovoltaic potential (Doris, Lopez, and Beckley 2013). This resource is largely untapped. Many Tribes note that regulatory challenges often are roadblocks to taking advantage of solar potential. This report serves as a summary of a larger project, Addressing Regulatory Challenges to Tribal Solar Deployment. The project seeks to unlock some of this potential by bringing Tribal, regulatory, utility, and other stakeholders together to articulate key barriers to Tribal solar adoption and develop replicable solutions. By increasing institutional capacity and developing frameworks, trainings, and a technical document repository for regulatory bodies, utilities, and Tribes, this project can help expand an emerging market.

14 SOLAR ENERGY↗

State-Tribal Collaboration on Energy 101 [Slides]

For states interested in working with Tribal Nations on energy projects, it is important to understand Tribal sovereignty and what this means for a collaborative relationship. This presentation will explain how Tribal sovereignty was established, what that means for energy sovereignty, and how states can use this understanding to better engage with Tribal Nations.

29 ENERGY PLANNING, POLICY, AND ECONOMY↗

National-Tribal Critical Infrastructure Protection: Collaboration for Extraordinary National Security Benefit

This paper examines national and tribal collaborative opportunities to get ahead of the critical infrastructure insecurity problem. Recommendations are viewed through the lens of the Sandia Labs Tribal Cyber-Energy initiative and national security projects. Recommendations include 1) Collaboratively address national priority and shared challenges to gain faster and better solutions to national priority problems on a smaller yet comprehensive American Indian and Alaskan Native sovereign single-point of authority scale 2) Utilize newer standards-based technologies to provide scalable, capable, and manageable solutions for greatly expanded and connected national critical infrastructures 3) Employ Cyber-Physical-Resilient design preliminary analysis to define concept- to-disposition design requirements for preemptive critical infrastructure risk mitigation and baked-in security; 4) Develop data-centric protection to provide increased information asset protection as data shifts from data-owner operated on-premises infrastructure to virtual service provider data-steward owned and operated off-premises infrastructure; and 5) Balance shared solutions with the National Institute of Science and Technology (NIST) Cybersecurity and Risk Management frameworks, and the System Security Engineering Guidelines. As yet unallocated federal funding would support research, development, the timely application of National-Tribal critical infrastructure protection, and critical infrastructure Cyber disruption response and recovery with extraordinary mutual benefits for the foreseeable future. The Critical Infrastructure Insecurity Problem: Rapid modernization and expansive connectivity are due to advances in Information and Communications Technologies that have sweeping cyber impact across all critical infrastructure sectors. Supervisory Control and Data Acquisition and Industrial Control Systems are particularly impacted as systems long separated from the Internet are now being connected and computerized. Virtualization and mobility create a Data Everywhere-User Anywhere paradigm that has evaporated the enterprise network perimeter. There are multi-front technological challenges at play, where long depended on technologies simply don't scale to current needs resulting in a digital dichotomy of competing old and new standards. New standards-based technologies scale but are not as well-known or as widely deployed, which leaves decision makers, stakeholders, and the workforce in a quandary, caught mid-stream between the technological past and the virtual future. Rapid and expansive cyber threat accompanies disruptive change in connectivity and computational dependencies. A lack of action will exacerbate the problem if new technologies roll out without baked-in security design. The Risk: If National-Tribal CIP collaboration to design in security is not done, then an ongoing state of insufficient bolt-on security and elevated threat exposure will remain for years to come.

29 ENERGY PLANNING, POLICY, AND ECONOMY↗

Tribal Renewable Energy: Bishop Paiute Tribe, Residential Solar Program Phase II (Final Report)

The project consisted of the design, installation, inspection, and interconnection of 35 grid-tied, solar electric systems, totaled 123 kW rated capacity, on qualified existing low-income single-family homes located within the Bishop Paiute Reservation, which provide at least 65-79% savings in displaced electricity. Tribal job trainees were hired for each installation, gaining valuable job experience. Additionally, each homeowner was educated on energy efficiency and renewable energy. The overall project goal was to deploy clean energy systems in order to achieve the Bishop Paiute Tribe’s long-term goals of energy self-sufficiency, environmental protection, and better lives for our Tribal members and community. The energy displaced was 82.4 percent of total electricity used (exceeding estimated 65-79%)or over 170,000 kWh/year generating approximately $1.29 million worth of power for low-income families over their lifespans, while eliminating an estimated 2,640 tons of greenhouse gas emissions. This reduction makes a significant difference on the reservation giving more families money to spend on other essential items, while reducing their carbon footprint in this beautiful mountain community. Also, implementing these 35 systems provided a approximately 132 hours of paid solar installation work for tribal members. Training and good paying jobs are scarce on the reservation and solar is the fastest growing industry in CA and this training offered our members a real chance to learn and then get paid. The program is very significant to the family who qualified, as most families fall below the federal poverty guidelines, and many are living paycheck to paycheck. Overall, the triple impact of the Bishop Paiute Tribe Residential Solar Program Phase II— affordable energy for low-income families, on-site clean energy production, and hands-on solar installation jobs for local workers—these all help build the Tribe’s energy, economic, environmental, and social self-sufficiency and sovereignty amongst the most needy on the Reservation

14 SOLAR ENERGY↗

Addressing Regulatory Challenges to Tribal Solar Deployment

This project, Addressing Regulatory Challenges to Tribal Solar Deployment, seeks to unlock some of this potential by bringing Tribal, regulatory, utility, and other stakeholders together to articulate key barriers to Tribal solar adoption and develop replicable solutions. By increasing institutional capacity and developing frameworks, trainings, and a technical document repository for regulatory bodies, utilities, and Tribes, this project can help expand an emerging market.

14 SOLAR ENERGY↗

Proposed Solutions to Regulatory Barriers to Tribal Solar Development

Tribal land in the United States represents approximately 2% of the country's total landmass and holds more than 5% percent of solar photovoltaic potential. This resource is largely untapped, and Tribes often cite regulatory hurdles to achieving solar goals. This presentation provides an opportunity for interested stakeholders to better understand those hurdles and possible solutions to help advance Tribal solar adoption as well as weigh in on the findings of the Tribal Solar Initiative.

ENERGY PLANNING, POLICY, AND ECONOMY,SOLAR ENERGY↗