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All sourcesNASA NTRSDOE OSTI
DOE OSTI2019

Materials Data on U(ClO)2 by Materials Project

UO2Cl2 crystallizes in the orthorhombic Pnma space group. The structure is three-dimensional. U6+ is bonded in a distorted linear geometry to three O2- and four equivalent Cl1- atoms. There are a spread of U–O bond distances ranging from 1.78–2.52 Å. There are two shorter (2.73 Å) and two longer (2.78 Å) U–Cl bond lengths. There are two inequivalent O2- sites. In the first O2- site, O2- is bonded in a distorted linear geometry to two equivalent U6+ atoms. In the second O2- site, O2- is bonded in a single-bond geometry to one U6+ atom. Cl1- is bonded in a 2-coordinate geometry to two equivalent U6+ atoms.

36 MATERIALS SCIENCE↗
DOE OSTI2022

Dinuclear Complexes of Uranyl, Neptunyl, and Plutonyl: Structures and Oxidation States Revealed by Experiment and Theory

Dinuclear perchlorate complexes of uranium, neptunium, and plutonium were characterized by reactivity and DFT, with results revealing structures containing pentavalent, hexavalent, and heptavalent actinyls, and actinyl-actinyl interactions (AAIs). Electrospray ionization produced native complexes [(AnO 2 ) 2 (ClO 4 ) 3 ] - for An:An = U:U, Np:Np, Pu:Pu, and Np:Pu, which are intuitively formulated as actinyl(V) perchlorates. However, DFT identified lower-energy structures [(AnO 2 )(AnO 3 )(ClO 4 ) 2 (ClO 3 )] - comprising a perchlorate fragmented to ClO 3 , actinyl(VI) cation An VI O 2 2+ , and neutral AnO 3 . For U:U and Np:Np, and Np in Np:Pu, the coordinated AnO 3 is calculated as actinyl(VI) with an equatorial oxo, [O yl =An VI =O yl ][=O eq ], whereas for Pu:Pu, it is plutonyl(V) oxyl, [O yl =Pu V =O yl ][-O eq • ]. The implied lower stability of Pu VI versus Np VI indicates weaker Pu=O eq versus Np=O eq bonding. Adsorption of O 2 by the U:U complex suggests oxidation of U V to U VI , corroborating the assignment of perchlorate [(An V O 2 ) 2 (ClO 4 ) 3 ] - . DFT predicts the O 2 adducts are [(An VI O 2 )(O 2 )(An VI O 2 )(ClO 4 ) 3 ] - with actinyls oxidized from +V to +VI by bridging peroxide, O 2 2- . In accordance with reactivity, O 2- addition is computed as substantially exothermic for U:U and least favorable for Pu:Pu. Collision-induced dissociation of native complexes eliminated ClO 2 to yield [(AnO 2 )(O) 2 (AnO 2 )(ClO 4 ) 2 ] - , in which fragmented O atoms bridge as oxyl O -• and oxo O 2- to yield uranyl(VI) and plutonyl(VI), or as oxos O 2- to yield neptunyl(VII), [O yl =Np VII =O yl ] 3+ .

37 INORGANIC, ORGANIC, PHYSICAL, AND ANALYTICAL CH↗
DOE OSTI2020

Materials Data on H3CSN(ClO)2 by Materials Project

CNH3S(OCl)2 is alpha U structured and crystallizes in the orthorhombic Pnma space group. The structure is zero-dimensional and consists of four n,n-dichloromethanesulfonamide molecules. C4+ is bonded in a trigonal non-coplanar geometry to three H1+ and one S2- atom. All C–H bond lengths are 1.10 Å. The C–S bond length is 1.78 Å. N1+ is bonded in a trigonal non-coplanar geometry to one S2- and two equivalent Cl1- atoms. The N–S bond length is 1.79 Å. Both N–Cl bond lengths are 1.75 Å. There are two inequivalent H1+ sites. In the first H1+ site, H1+ is bonded in a single-bond geometry to one C4+ atom. In the second H1+ site, H1+ is bonded in a single-bond geometry to one C4+ atom. S2- is bonded in a distorted tetrahedral geometry to one C4+, one N1+, and two equivalent O2- atoms. Both S–O bond lengths are 1.44 Å. O2- is bonded in a single-bond geometry to one S2- atom. Cl1- is bonded in a distorted single-bond geometry to one N1+ atom.

36 MATERIALS SCIENCE↗
DOE OSTI2026

Reactions of U(DMSO) 8 (ClO 4 ) 4 with Terpyridine Yield Dimeric Hydrolysis Products and Induce C–C Coupling

Reactions have been carried out using UIV(DMSO) 8 (ClO 4 ) 4 with 2,2′:6′,2″-terpyridine (terpy) under nonaqueous conditions. At room temperature in acetonitrile, the combination of the U(IV) starting material with terpy resulted in a mixture containing [UO 2 (DMSO) 2 terpy][ClO 4 ] 2 ·MeCN, while increasing the water content led to the hydrolysis products [(UO 2 (DMSO)terpy) 2 (μ 2 –O)][ClO 4 ] 2 and [(UO 2 terpy) 2 (μ 2 –OH) 2 ][ClO 4 ] 2 ·MeCN·H 2 O. Performing the reaction at slightly elevated temperature with no added water led to the formation of [UO 2 sexipyridine][ClO 4 ] 2 ·MeCN. This new uranyl complex contains the hexadentate ligand 2,2′:6′,2″:6″,2″:6‴,2⁗:6⁗,2⁗′-sexipyridine, which formed in situ from the tetravalent uranium starting material, where photoexcited uranyl or in situ generated peroxide could have induced C–C coupling. Analysis of bonding in the dimeric uranyl species via quantum chemical methods revealed a small increase in covalency of the bridging oxo unit and a slightly greater stability compared to the bridging hydroxo compound, which causes a significant shift in the uranyl symmetric stretch in the Raman spectrum. Structural, spectroscopic, and computational comparisons are made across the series of compounds, providing insight into the bonding and reactivity of uranium in nonaqueous media.

37 INORGANIC, ORGANIC, PHYSICAL, AND ANALYTICAL CH↗