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DOE OSTI2024

Fabrication of single-crystalline YFeO3 films with large antiferromagnetic domains

The antiferromagnetic orthoferrite YFeO3 possesses fascinating magnetic properties for spintronics, such as terahertz spin dynamics, ultrafast domain wall motion, and long magnon decay length. YFeO3 belongs to a special family of antiferromagnets that show an unusually strong non-trivial Kerr response due to its weak ferromagnetism. The highly stable antiferromagnetic domains without any spontaneous spin rotation transitions below the 645 K Néel temperature may be useful for nanoscale device applications. We report the successful fabrication of high-quality twinning-free (110)-oriented YFeO3 films by pulsed laser deposition. Detailed structural and magnetic characterization revealed that the crystal structure and magnetic properties of the YFeO3 films are comparable to bulk single crystals. We show that the spin rotation under high magnetic fields follows the two-sublattice approximation model. The film surface is atomically flat with step-terrace surface morphology. A longitudinal magneto-optic Kerr (MOKE) rotation of 10 mdeg was observed at room temperature, which is consistent with earlier reports on bulk single crystals. The in-plane anisotropy of the Kerr response corresponds to the obtained magnetic anisotropy from the SQUID measurement. The large MOKE signal enables the imaging of antiferromagnetic domains and their reversal. The domain size was found to be larger than 100 μm. These high-quality YFeO3 thin films facilitate the fabrication of antiferromagnetic spintronic devices and provide a convenient platform for studying various spin-related phenomena in thin films and at interfaces.

Physics↗

DOE OSTI2020

Materials Data on YFeO3 by Materials Project

YFeO3 is (Cubic) Perovskite structured and crystallizes in the cubic Pm-3m space group. The structure is three-dimensional. Y3+ is bonded to twelve equivalent O2- atoms to form YO12 cuboctahedra that share corners with twelve equivalent YO12 cuboctahedra, faces with six equivalent YO12 cuboctahedra, and faces with eight equivalent FeO6 octahedra. All Y–O bond lengths are 2.75 Å. Fe3+ is bonded to six equivalent O2- atoms to form FeO6 octahedra that share corners with six equivalent FeO6 octahedra and faces with eight equivalent YO12 cuboctahedra. The corner-sharing octahedral tilt angles are 0°. All Fe–O bond lengths are 1.94 Å. O2- is bonded in a distorted linear geometry to four equivalent Y3+ and two equivalent Fe3+ atoms.

36 MATERIALS SCIENCE↗

DOE OSTI2020

Materials Data on YFeO3 by Materials Project

YFeO3 crystallizes in the hexagonal P6_3cm space group. The structure is three-dimensional. there are two inequivalent Y3+ sites. In the first Y3+ site, Y3+ is bonded in a 7-coordinate geometry to seven O2- atoms. There are a spread of Y–O bond distances ranging from 2.29–2.52 Å. In the second Y3+ site, Y3+ is bonded to seven O2- atoms to form distorted YO7 pentagonal bipyramids that share corners with three equivalent FeO5 trigonal bipyramids and edges with three equivalent FeO5 trigonal bipyramids. There are a spread of Y–O bond distances ranging from 2.30–2.39 Å. Fe3+ is bonded to five O2- atoms to form FeO5 trigonal bipyramids that share a cornercorner with one YO7 pentagonal bipyramid, corners with six equivalent FeO5 trigonal bipyramids, and an edgeedge with one YO7 pentagonal bipyramid. There are a spread of Fe–O bond distances ranging from 1.94–2.08 Å. There are four inequivalent O2- sites. In the first O2- site, O2- is bonded to one Y3+ and three equivalent Fe3+ atoms to form distorted OYFe3 trigonal pyramids that share corners with six equivalent OY3Fe tetrahedra, corners with six OYFe3 trigonal pyramids, and edges with three equivalent OY3Fe tetrahedra. In the second O2- site, O2- is bonded to one Y3+ and three equivalent Fe3+ atoms to form OYFe3 trigonal pyramids that share corners with six equivalent OY3Fe tetrahedra, corners with six equivalent OYFe3 trigonal pyramids, and edges with three equivalent OY3Fe tetrahedra. In the third O2- site, O2- is bonded to three Y3+ and one Fe3+ atom to form distorted OY3Fe tetrahedra that share corners with ten OY3Fe tetrahedra, corners with four equivalent OYFe3 trigonal pyramids, edges with three equivalent OY3Fe tetrahedra, and an edgeedge with one OYFe3 trigonal pyramid. In the fourth O2- site, O2- is bonded to three Y3+ and one Fe3+ atom to form OY3Fe tetrahedra that share corners with ten OY3Fe tetrahedra, corners with two equivalent OYFe3 trigonal pyramids, edges with three equivalent OY3Fe tetrahedra, and edges with two equivalent OYFe3 trigonal pyramids.

36 MATERIALS SCIENCE↗

DOE OSTI2020

Materials Data on YFeO3 by Materials Project

Computed materials data using density functional theory calculations. These calculations determine the electronic structure of bulk materials by solving approximations to the Schrodinger equation. For more information, see https://materialsproject.org/docs/calculations

36 MATERIALS SCIENCE↗

DOE OSTI2020

Materials Data on YFeO3 by Materials Project

36 MATERIALS SCIENCE↗

DOE OSTI2022

Presence of Induced Weak Ferromagnetism in Fe-Substituted YFe x Cr 1–x O 3 Crystalline Compounds

Fe-substituted YFe x Cr 1–x O 3 crystalline compounds show promising magnetic and multiferroic properties. Here we report the synthesis and characterization of several compositions from this series. Using the autocombustion route, various compositions (x = 0.25, 0.50, 0.6, 0.75, 0.9, and 1) were synthesized as high-quality crystalline powders. In order to obtain microscopic and atomic information about their structure and magnetism, characterization was performed using room temperature X-ray diffraction and energy dispersion analysis as well as temperature-dependent neutron diffraction, magnetometry, and 57 Fe Mössbauer spectrometry. Rietveld analysis of the diffraction data revealed a crystallite size of 84 (8) nm for YFeO 3 , while energy dispersion analysis indicated compositions close to the nominal compositions. The magnetic results suggested an enhancement of the weak ferromagnetism for the YFeO 3 phase due to two contributions. First, a high magnetocrystalline anisotropy was associated with the crystalline character that favored a unique high canting angle of the antiferromagnetic phase (13°), as indicated by the neutron diffraction analysis. This was also evidenced by the high magnetic hysteresis curves up to 90 kOe by a remarkable high critical coercivity value of 46.7 kOe at room temperature. Second, the Dzyaloshinskii–Moriya interactions between homogenous and heterogeneous magnetic pairs resulted from the inhomogeneous distribution of Fe 3+ and Cr 3+ ions, as indicated by 57 Fe Mössbauer studies. Together, these results point to new methods of controlling the magnetic properties of these materials.

36 MATERIALS SCIENCE↗