Search NASA⌕ Search

SEARCH · Search NASA

Results for “biocidal product”

Search indexed NASA NTRS and DOE OSTI research on propulsion, heat transfer, battery materials and energy systems. Follow report and document links to the original sources.

Quote a phrase for an exact phrase match. Source license links do not imply unrestricted reuse.

8 records
All sourcesNASA NTRSDOE OSTI
DOE OSTI2020

Building Blocks from Biocrude: High-Value Methoxyphenols (Final Scientific/Technical Report)

Integrating biofuels production with bioproducts presents an opportunity to explore options for recovering high-value chemicals as additional revenue-generating products from biofuel conversion pathways. Thus, the overall objective of this project was to develop a comprehensive separation strategy to economically recover valuable methoxyphenols (MPs) consisting of guaiacol, 4-methylguaiacol, 4-ethylguaiacol, 4-propylguaiacol, eugenol, and isoeugenol from biocrude as building blocks to demonstrate that bioproducts could enable cost-effective production of biofuels via integrated catalytic pyrolysis and hydroprocessing. The upgradability of the remaining biocrude fraction to biofuel after separation of the products was evaluated by hydrotreating. Finally, techno-economic analysis (TEA) was performed to examine the economic potential of recovering select MPs from biocrude in parallel with biofuels production.

09 BIOMASS FUELS↗
DOE OSTI2020

Association between algal productivity and phycosphere composition in an outdoor Chlorella sorokiniana reactor based on multiple longitudinal analyses

Summary Microalgae as a biofuel source are of great interest. Bacterial phycosphere inhabitants of algal cultures are hypothesized to contribute to productivity. In this study, the bacterial composition of the Chlorella sorokiniana phycosphere was determined over several production cycles in different growing seasons by 16S rRNA gene sequencing and identification. The diversity of the phycosphere increased with time during each individual reactor run, based on Faith’s phylogenetic diversity metric versus days post‐inoculation ( R = 0.66, P < 0.001). During summer months, Vampirovibrio chlorellavorus , an obligate predatory bacterium, was prevalent. Bacterial sequences assigned to the Rhizobiales, Betaproteobacteriales and Chitinophagales were positively associated with algal biomass productivity. Applications of the general biocide, benzalkonium chloride, to a subset of experiments intended to abate V. chlorellavorus appeared to temporarily suppress phycosphere bacterial growth, however, there was no relationship between those bacterial taxa suppressed by benzalkonium chloride and their association with algal productivity, based on multinomial model correlations. Algal health was approximated using a model‐based metric, or the ‘Health Index’ that indicated a robust, positive relationship between C. sorokiniana fitness and presence of members belonging to the Burholderiaceae and Allorhizobium–Neorhizobium–Pararhizobium–Rhizobium clade. Bacterial community composition was linked to the efficiency of microalgal biomass production and algal health.

59 BASIC BIOLOGICAL SCIENCES↗
DOE OSTI2021

Picochlorum celeri as a model system for robust outdoor algal growth in seawater

Abstract With fast growth rates, broad halotolerance and the ability to thrive at high temperatures, algae in the genus Picochlorum are emerging as promising biomass producers. Recently, we isolated a remarkably productive strain, Picochlorum celeri , that attains > 40 g m −2 day −1 productivities using simulated outdoor light. To test outdoor productivities, Picochlorum celeri was cultivated in 820 L raceway ponds at the Arizona Center for Algae Technology and Innovation. Picochlorum celeri demonstrated the highest outdoor biomass productivities reported to date at this testbed averaging ~ 31 g m −2 day −1 over four months with a monthly (August) high of ~ 36 g m −2 day −1 . Several single day productivities were > 40 g m −2 day −1 . Importantly for sustainability, Picochlorum celeri achieved these productivities in saline water ranging from seawater to 50 parts per thousand sea salts, without any biocides or pond crashes, for over 143 days. Lastly, we report robust genetic engineering tools for future strain improvements.

59 BASIC BIOLOGICAL SCIENCES↗
DOE OSTI2024

Susceptibility of pESI positive Salmonella to treatment with biocide chemicals approved for use in poultry meat processing as compared to Salmonella without the pESI plasmid

Abstract Salmonella is a common cause of human foodborne illness, which is frequently associated with consumption of contaminated or undercooked poultry meat. Serotype Infantis is among the most common serotypes isolated from poultry meat products globally. Isolates of serotype Infantis carrying the pESI plasmid, the most dominant strain of Infantis, have been shown to exhibit oxidizer tolerance. Therefore, 16 strains of Salmonella with and without pESI carriage were investigated for susceptibility to biocide chemical processing aids approved for use in US poultry meat processing: peracetic acid (PAA), cetylpyridinium chloride (CPC), calcium hypochlorite, and sodium hypochlorite. Strains were exposed for 15 s to simulate spray application and 90 min to simulate application in an immersion chiller. All strains tested were susceptible to all concentrations of PAA, CPC, and sodium hypochlorite when applied for 90 min. When CPC, calcium hypochlorite, and sodium hypochlorite were applied for 15 s to simulate spray time, strains responded similarly to each other. However, strains responded variably to exposure to PAA. The variation was not statistically significant and appears unrelated to pESI carriage. Results highlight the necessity of testing biocide susceptibility in the presence of organic material and in relevant in situ applications.

Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology↗
DOE OSTI2024

Proof of Concept of Natural and Synthetic Antifouling Agents in Coatings

Marine biofouling, caused by the deposition and accumulation of marine organisms on submerged surfaces, represents a huge concern for the maritime industries and also contributes to environmental pollution and health concerns. The most effective way to prevent this phenomenon is the use of biocide-based coatings which have proven to cause serious damage to marine ecosystems. Several research groups have focused on the search for new environmentally friendly antifoulants, including marine and terrestrial natural products and synthetic analogues. Some of these compounds have been incorporated into marine coatings and display interesting antifouling activities caused by the interference with the biofilm-forming species as well as by the inhibition of the settlement of macroorganisms. This review highlights the proof-of-concept studies of emerging natural or synthetic antifouling compounds in coatings, from lab-made to commercial ones, performed between 2019 and 2023 and their results in the field or in in vivo laboratorial tests.

Pereira, Daniela↗
DOE OSTI2021

Biogeochemistry of the Antrim Shale Natural Gas Reservoir

The Antrim Shale, located in the Michigan Basin, United States (U.S.), is a major U.S. shale play having produced over 2.5 Trillion Cubic Feet (Tcf) of unconventional shale natural gas as of 2010. The shallow nature of this formation sets it apart from other, more characterized unconventional shale gas plays. The depth of gas production of the Antrim ranges from approximately 150 to 600 m and it is typically vertically drilled, contrary to deeper, horizontally drilled shales. A thorough understanding of the biogeochemistry and microbiology of this complex system will be advantageous for improving well performance, produced water management, and potential biocidal treatment as microbial community composition can vary substantially even among closely spaced wells. In this study, we analyzed produced water collected from nine different wells in the Antrim Shale by investigating the geochemical and microbial community composition of the produced water to gain greater insight into the overall biogeochemistry of this unique shale system. The majority of the wells from this study had high total dissolved solids (TDS) primarily composed of chloride and sodium, averaging 86,804 mg/L with a maximum 116,223 mg/L; however, three of the wells sampled along the northern margin of the basin exhibited significantly lower TDS ranging from 4932 to 6496 mg/L. Overall, our microbial community analysis revealed relatively low abundance within our samples and high variability of the microbial community among the sampled wells. The majority of bacterial sequences were identified within Proteobacteria, Firmicutes, and Actinobacteria phyla and metagenomic sequencing revealed the low presence of Methanobacteriaceae within each sample. We also investigated potential microbial community drivers and found that TDS, sodium, chloride, iodide, bromide, ammonium, potassium, and strontium were significantly correlated with the observed microbial community. The varying geochemical conditions between wells demonstrate different subsurface environmental niches, potentially driving the heterogeneous microbial communities we observed from well to well. This analysis suggests an important relationship between both well location and geochemistry and the observed microbial community that can persist in the reservoir. Continued studies of the Antrim Shale will improve our understanding of the complex interdependencies of this ecosystem.

03 NATURAL GAS↗
DOE OSTI2023

Zirconium-Based Metal–Organic Frameworks as Reusable Antibacterial Peroxide Carriers for Protective Textiles

Countries around the world have sought efficient protective coverings, including masks, gowns, and fabrics, for air purification to protect people against infectious diseases. However, the demand for significant quantities of disposable protective textiles poses a global challenge, especially when the production of protective gear is suspended due to COVID-19 outbreaks in factories and along supply lines. Therefore, the development of reusable, self-decontaminating protective masks and coverings loaded with disinfectants, such as antibacterial peroxide species, presents an attractive strategy to fight against bacteria risks. In this work, we incorporated persulfate ions, which serve as stable active peroxide precursors, into two porous zirconium-based metal–organic frameworks (Zr-MOFs), enabling these materials to act as regenerable reservoirs for the slow release of biocidal hydrogen peroxide upon hydrolysis by contact with humid air. Single-crystal X-ray diffraction studies reveal the two different coordination motifs for the persulfate ions, which can either bridge between two adjacent nodes or coordinate to a single node depending on both the node connectivity and the distances between open metal sites. The active peroxide precursors within the porous Zr-MOF carriers are stable during storage and easily regenerated once consumed. Importantly, these persulfate-loaded Zr-MOFs can be integrated onto textiles using a facile aqueous in-situ growth procedure, and these composites demonstrate potent and reusable biocidal activity against both Gram-negative bacteria and Gram-positive bacteria. Altogether, this approach presents a viable strategy to develop robust protective textiles capable of rapidly deactivating pathogens.

36 MATERIALS SCIENCE↗
DOE OSTI2026

Application of Peracetic Acid in Poultry Processing: Effects of Treatment Dynamics and Emerging Risk of Resistance Development in Salmonella spp.

Nontyphoidal Salmonella is a leading cause of foodborne illness, with poultry representing a major source. Peracetic acid (PAA), a widely adopted antimicrobial in poultry processing, offers advantages over traditional disinfectants but has sparked interest in its combined use with other antimicrobials and potential resistance. This review evaluates the efficacy of PAA in mitigating Salmonella in combination with other food-grade antimicrobials, explores possible synergism, efficacy under varying treatment parameters, resistance development against PAA, and its role in resistance evolution. While PAA demonstrates broad-spectrum efficacy, its performance varies with environmental parameters; higher temperatures generally enhance antimicrobial action but also accelerate PAA degradation. Organic matter diminishes PAA efficacy by reactive quenching. Variability in concentration and contact time further influences outcomes. Despite its oxidative mode of action and presumed low risk for resistance, emerging studies indicate that Salmonella can develop adaptive tolerance and potential cross/coresistance following repeated or sublethal exposure to PAA. These adaptations may involve genetic upregulation of oxidative stress response pathways, efflux systems, and modifications in cell membrane integrity, raising concerns about the long-term sustainability of PAA use. Additionally, combinatorial treatments (e.g., PAA with UV-C, enzymes, or organic acids) show promise in enhancing efficacy while mitigating resistance risks. Despite recognition of PAA's safety and effectiveness, knowledge gaps remain regarding standardized resistance definitions, serotype-specific tolerance, and optimal intervention strategies in commercial settings. Therefore, there is a need for standardized testing protocols, robust studies on potential resistance, and further exploration of synergistic PAA applications to ensure sustained poultry product safety and public health protection.

37 - INORGANIC, ORGANIC, PHYSICAL AND ANALYTICAL C↗