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Search indexed NASA NTRS and DOE OSTI research on propulsion, heat transfer, battery materials and energy systems. Follow report and document links to the original sources.

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DOE OSTI2024

Community Charging: Emerging Multifamily, Curbside, and Multimodal Practices

Approximately 44 million households—31% of the United States total—are in multifamily housing. This encompasses both rented and owned homes in apartment buildings, condominiums, townhouses, and mixed-use developments. Regardless of where they live, nearly one-third of Americans do not drive. As U.S. transportation is electrified, it will be imperative to support car-free or car-light households, as well as residents living in multifamily and rental housing, with tailored solutions.

29 ENERGY PLANNING, POLICY, AND ECONOMY↗

DOE OSTI2023

LA100 Equity Strategies. Chapter 10: Household Transportation Electrification

The LA100 Equity Strategies project integrates community guidance with robust research, modeling, and analysis to identify strategy options that can increase equitable outcomes in Los Angeles' clean energy transition. This chapter focuses on residential electric vehicle (EV) incentive programs and multimodal electrified transportation services as means to increase equity in household transportation electrification. Specifically, NREL modeled EV adoption and affordability under business-as-usual and enhanced low-income incentives scenarios and transportation-related energy burdens under multimodal electric travel scenarios, including shared EVs, e-bikes, and improved transit services. Based on our analysis and community guidance, we identified strategies for 1)?increasing equity in new and used light-duty EV adoption and EV charging infrastructure distribution, focused on household used EV ownership and home charging access and 2) affordable, time-efficient, and equitable multimodal electrified transportation options, specifically considering the non-vehicle-owning population. Research was guided by input from the community engagement process, and associated equity strategies are presented in alignment with that guidance.

29 ENERGY PLANNING, POLICY, AND ECONOMY↗

DOE OSTI2022

Enabling Extreme Fast-Charging: Challenges at the Cathode and Mitigation Strategies

We report charging lithium-ion batteries (LiBs) in 10 to 15 min via extreme fast-charging (XFC) is important for the widespread adoption of electric vehicles (EVs). Lately, the battery research community has focused on identifying XFC bottlenecks and determining novel design solutions. Like other LiB components, cathodes can present XFC bottlenecks, especially when considering long-term battery life. Therefore, it is necessary to develop a comprehensive understanding of how XFC conditions degrade LiB cathodes. The present article reviews relevant cathode-focused studies and summarizes the current understanding regarding cathode performance and aging issues under XFC conditions. Dominant aging modes and mechanisms are identified at different length-scales with electrochemical correlations for LiNi x Mn y Co z O 2 (NMC)-based cathodes. A range of electrochemical techniques and models provide key insights into cathode performance and life issues. A suite of multimodal and multiscale microscopy and X-ray techniques is surveyed to quantify chemical, structural, and crystallographic NMC-cathode degradation. Cathode cycle-life is scaled to equivalent EV miles to illustrate how cathode degradation translates to real-world scenarios and quantifies cathode-related bottlenecks that hinder XFC adoption. Finally, the article discusses several cathode cycle-life aging mitigation strategies with example case studies and identifies remaining challenges.

25 ENERGY STORAGE↗