Biophysical characterization dataset of native nicotinic acetylcholine receptor in lipid-like detergent complexes
Abstract not provided
Maldonado-Hernándezac, Rafael↗
SEARCH · Search NASA
Results for “detergent”
Search indexed NASA NTRS and DOE OSTI research on propulsion, heat transfer, battery materials and energy systems. Follow report and document links to the original sources.
Quote a phrase for an exact phrase match. Source license links do not imply unrestricted reuse.
Detergent-Specific Membrane Protein Crystallization Screens
A suite of reagents has been developed for three-dimensional crystallization of integral membranes present in solution as protein-detergent complexes (PDCs). The compositions of these reagents have been determined in part by proximity to the phase boundaries (lower consolute boundaries) of the detergents present in the PDCs. The acquisition of some of the requisite phase-boundary data and the preliminary design of several of the detergent- specific screens was supported by a NASA contract. At the time of expiration of the contract, a partial set of preliminary screens had been developed. This work has since been extended under non-NASA sponsorship, leading to near completion of a set of 20 to 30 different and unique detergent- specific 96-condition screens.
Wiener, Michael↗
A lipase from Lacticaseibacillus rhamnosus IDCC 3201 with thermostability and pH resistance for use as a detergent additive
Lipases are important biocatalysts and ubiquitous in plants, animals, and microorganisms. The high growth rates of microorganisms with low production costs have enabled the wide application of microbial lipases in detergent, food, and cosmetic industries. Herein, a novel lipase from Lacticaseibacillus rhamnosus IDCC 3201 (Lac-Rh) was isolated and its activity analyzed under a range of reaction conditions to evaluate its potential industrial application. The isolated Lac-Rh showed a molecular weight of 24 kDa and a maximum activity of 3438.5 ± 1.8 U/mg protein at 60 °C and pH 8. Additionally, Lac-Rh retained activity in alkaline conditions and in 10% v/v concentrations of organic solvents, including glycerol and acetone. Interestingly, after pre-incubation in the presence of multiple commercial detergents, Lac-Rh maintained over 80% of its activity and the stains from cotton were successfully removed under a simulated laundry setting. Overall, the purified lipase from L. rhamnosus IDCC 3201 has potential for use as a detergent in industrial applications.
37 INORGANIC, ORGANIC, PHYSICAL, AND ANALYTICAL CH↗
Detergent solubilization of the EGF receptor from A431 cells
Functional reconstitution of purified preparations of human epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) requires dissociation of the protein from its plasma membrane lipid environment. Solubilization of membrane proteins in this manner requires the use of detergents, which are known to disrupt plasma membrane lipid/protein interactions. We have investigated the ability of three nonionic detergents to solubilize the human EGFR selectively, and have also analyzed the effect of these various treatments on the intrinsic tyrosyl kinase activity of the receptor. The nonionic detergent known as n-octyl glucoside (n-octyl beta-D-glucopyranoside) was found to give the best combination of selectivity, yield, and maintenance of enzymatic activity of the human EGFR.
Non-NASA Center↗
Effect of some detergents, humate, and composition of seedbed on crop of tomato plants in a hydroponic culture
It is established that single detergent doses distinctly stimulate vegetative development of plants in the initial stage when humates are available. When detergents are applied every four weeks in a hydroponic culture, in which the seedbed does not contain active humates, the crop is reduced by 50%. This adverse effect does not occur when the seedbed is a mixture of brown coal and peat.
Guminka, A. Z.↗
Chain-length-controllable upcycling of polyolefins to sulfate detergents
Escalating global plastic pollution and the depletion of fossil-based resources underscore the urgent need for innovative end-of-life plastic management strategies in the context of a circular economy. Thermolysis is capable of upcycling end-of-life plastics to intermediate molecules suitable for downstream conversion to eventually high-value chemicals, but tuning the molar mass distribution of the products is challenging. Here, in this study, we report a temperature-gradient thermolysis strategy for the conversion of polyethylene and polypropylene into hydrocarbons with tunable molar mass distributions. The whole thermolysis process is catalyst- and hydrogen-free. The thermolysis of polyethylene and polyethylene/polypropylene mixtures with tailored temperature gradients generated oil with an average chain length of ~C 14 . The oil featured a high concentration of synthetically useful α-olefins. Computational fluid dynamics simulations revealed that regulating the reactor wall temperature was the key to tuning the hydrocarbon distributions. Subsequent oxidation of the obtained α-olefins by sulfuric acid and neutralization by potassium hydroxide afforded sulfate detergents with excellent foaming behaviour and emulsifying capacity and low critical micelle concentration. Overall, this work provides a viable approach to producing value-added chemicals from end-of-life plastics, improving the circularity of the anthropogenic carbon cycle.
37 INORGANIC, ORGANIC, PHYSICAL, AND ANALYTICAL CH↗
Plastocyanin photo-oxidation by detergent- treated chloroplasts.
Photooxidation of plastocyanin by detergent treated chloroplasts
PHOTOREDUCTION↗
Cleanser, Detergent, Personal Care Product Pretreatment Evaluation
The purpose of the Cleanser, Detergent, Personal Care Product, and Pretreatment Evaluation & Selection task is to identify the optimal combination of personal hygiene products, crew activities, and pretreatment strategies to provide the crew with sustainable life support practices and a comfortable habitat. Minimal energy, mass, and crew time inputs are desired to recycle wastewater during long duration missions. This document will provide a brief background on the work this past year supporting the ELS Distillation Comparison Test, issues regarding use of the hygiene products originally chosen for the test, methods and results used to select alternative products, and lessons learned from testing.
Adam, Niklas↗
Cleanser, Detergent, Personal Care Product, and Pretreatment Evaluation
The purpose of the Cleanser, Detergent, Personal Care Product, and Pretreatment Evaluation & Selection task is to identify the optimal combination of personal hygiene products, crew activities, and pretreatment strategies to provide the crew with sustainable life support practices and a comfortable habitat. Minimal energy, mass, and crew time inputs are desired to recycle wastewater during long duration missions. This document will provide a brief background on the work this past year supporting the ELS Distillation Comparison Test, issues regarding use of the hygiene products originally chosen for the test, methods and results used to select alternative products, and lessons learned from testing.
Adam, Niklas↗
Stable Picodisc Assemblies from Saposin Proteins and Branched Detergents
Explore the source record for details and available documents.
Kurgan, Kathleen W.↗
Modification of Wool Fibers via Base/Cationic Detergent Pretreatment and Transglutaminase-mediated Reaction of Keratin
The surface modification of wool fibers is an important part of the textile industry to add functionality and stability to wool products. In this study, we developed a process utilizing a base/cationic surfactant solution pretreatment followed by an enzyme-mediated keratin crosslinking reaction to modify the wool fibers. Changes in water contact angle demonstrated the successful transformation of the hydrophobic wool surface to a more hydrophilic one after soaking in sodium carbonate solution containing hexadecyltrimethylammonium bromide (CTAB). The treated fabrics were further characterized by colorimetry and fluorescent spectrometry. Results showed that the pretreatment increased the yellowness of fabrics and caused some structural changes among certain amino acids, such as tryptophan and cystine. Keratin extracted from coarse wool fibers was further applied on pretreated fabrics through a microbial transglutaminase (mTGase) mediated reaction under mild conditions. Morphological characterization via SEM demonstrated the effective coverage of keratin on the scales of wool. The current method may provide an alternative processing protocol to modify wool fibers and improve the quality and performance of wool products.
36 MATERIALS SCIENCE↗
Studies of the electron transport chain of extremely halophilic bacteria. VIII - Respiration-dependent detergent dissolution of cell envelopes.
Explore the source record for details and available documents.
Lanyi, J. K.↗
FLC Notable Technology Award Oleo-Furan Surfactant
It’s a well-kept secret that laundry detergents are harmful to the environment. The important chemical in laundry detergent, called a surfactant. Surfactants are the workhorses of laundry detergent and soaps, and they're attracted to things like grease on your hands and dirt in your clothes to wash them away. Surfactants are used in everything from shampoo, hand soap, laundry detergent, and cosmetics. Many current surfactants are made from petroleum feedstock. These petroleum-derived building blocks come with a big carbon footprint. As the need for greener feedstock alternatives for synthesizing surfactants became obvious, manufacturers turned to natural oils, such as palm kernel and coconut oil. However, these oils are costly, particularly in areas where they are not domestically produced, and using them for surfactant synthesis competes with the food supply chain. Surfactants deactivate and do not work in hard water. Hard water is common - 85% of the U.S. water supply is considered hard because of the presence of small metal ions. These metal ions cover the surfactants making them useless. To solve this problem, many manufacturers add chemicals called chelators to bind the metal ions and make the water less hard, enhancing the effectiveness of the laundry detergent. However, this solution leads to more problems, including increased cost of detergent production and a large output of environmentally harmful chemicals. There remains a strong need for effective laundry detergents that do not negatively impact the environment and are available to consumers at an affordable cost. The American Cleaning Institute (ACI), a surfactant manufacturer organizing body, is emphasizing commitment to developing bio-renewable alternatives to current surfactants in laundry detergents. That’s why chemists at SIRONIX Renewables partnered with Los Alamos National Laboratory to further develop Oleo-furan surfactants (OFS). OFS are a new class of non-toxic, non-irritating surfactants for laundry detergent. It is the only surfactant that performs effectively in cold and hard water without chelators to bind the metal ions in hard water. OFS can be produced readily from sustainable, bio-derived molecules. They are multi-functional molecules - performing the role of a surfactant and a chelator in one - and are completely bio-degradable. OFS does not rely on petroleum feedstock and is synthesized from non-food, bio-renewable cellulosic feedstock. OFS solves each of the pertinent problems facing detergents and our environment today.
37 INORGANIC, ORGANIC, PHYSICAL, AND ANALYTICAL CH↗
CHARMM-GUI Bicelle Builder : An Extension of Membrane Builder for Modeling and Simulation of Bicelle Systems
Membrane mimetics, such as detergent micelles, nanodiscs, and amphipol complexes, which can provide membrane-like environments while retaining small and soluble features, have been utilized to study membrane proteins. A bicelle, composed of varying lipids and detergents, is a useful membrane mimetic because the lipid-to-detergent ratio, the q-value, can be adjusted to alter the properties of the aggregate, including the thickness and size of the bicelle. However, building a bicelle model for modeling and simulation studies requires nontrivial efforts, even for experts. We introduce CHARMM-GUI Bicelle Builder, a web-based platform that can generate various all-atom bicelle systems via a graphical user interface with all available lipids and detergents in Membrane Builder. To illustrate and validate Bicelle Builder with practical systems, we have modeled and simulated pure bicelles consisting of 1,2-dimyristoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine (DMPC) lipids with 1,2-dihexanoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine (C6DHPC) detergents and protein–bicelle complexes, composed of DMPC with C6DHPC, foscholine-10 (FOS10), and lysophosphatidylcholine-12 (LPC12) detergents. Our simulation results indicate that Bicelle Builder can generate reliable and robust bicelle models with and without proteins that retain DMPC bilayer characteristics. Bicelle Builder is expected to help researchers better understand not only bicelles themselves but also atomistic-level structures of protein–bicelle complexes that are often difficult to access through experimental approaches.
37 INORGANIC, ORGANIC, PHYSICAL, AND ANALYTICAL CH↗
Rapid preparation of nanodiscs for biophysical studies
Nanodiscs, which are disc-shaped entities that contain a central lipid bilayer encased by an annulus of amphipathic helices, have emerged as a leading native-like membrane mimic. The current approach for the formation of nanodiscs involves the creation of a mixed-micellar solution containing membrane scaffold protein, lipid, and detergent followed by a time consuming process (3–12 h) of dialysis and/or incubation with sorptive beads to remove the detergent molecules from the sample. In contrast, the methodology described herein provides a facile and rapid procedure for the preparation of nanodiscs in a matter of minutes (<15 min) using Sephadex® G-25 resin to remove the detergent from the sample. A panoply of biophysical techniques including analytical ultracentrifugation, dynamic light scattering, gel filtration chromatography, circular dichroism spectroscopy, and cryogenic electron microscopy were employed to unequivocally confirm that aggregates formed by this method are indeed nanodiscs. We believe that this method will be attractive for time-sensitive and high-throughput experiments.
59 BASIC BIOLOGICAL SCIENCES↗
Small angle neutron scattering and lipidomic analysis of a native, trimeric PSI-SMALP from a thermophilic cyanobacteria
The use of styrene-maleic acid copolymers (SMAs) to produce membrane protein-containing nanodiscs without the initial detergent isolation has gained significant interest over the last decade. We have previously shown that a Photosystem I SMALP from the thermophilic cyanobacterium, Thermosynechococcus elongatus (PSI-SMALP), has much more rapid energy transfer and charge separation in vitro than detergent isolated PSI complexes. In this study, we have utilized small-angle neutron scattering (SANS) to better understand the geometry of these SMALPs. These techniques allow us to investigate the size and shape of these particles in their fully solvated state. Further, the particle's proteolipid core and detergent shell or copolymer belt can be interrogated separately using contrast variation, a capability unique to SANS. Here we report the dimensions of the Thermosynechococcus elongatus PSI-SMALP containing a PSI trimer. At ~1.5 MDa, PSI-SMALP is the largest SMALP to be isolated; our lipidomic analysis indicates it contains ~1300 lipids/per trimeric particle, >40-fold more than the PSI-DDM particle and > 100 fold more than identified in the 1JB0 crystal structure. Interestingly, the lipid composition to the PSI trimer in the PSI-SMALP differs significantly from bulk thylakoid composition, being enriched ~50 % in the anionic sulfolipid, SQDG. Finally, utilizing the contrast match point for the SMA 1440 copolymer, we also can observe the ~1 nm SMA copolymer belt surrounding this SMALP for the first time, consistent with most models of SMA organization.
59 BASIC BIOLOGICAL SCIENCES↗
Self-contained, single-use hose and tubing cleaning module
A self contained, single use hose and tubing cleaning module which utilizes available water supplies without requiring access to precision cleaning facilities is presented. The module is attached to the water source at the inlet side and to the hose or tubing to be cleaned at the outlet side. The water flows through a water purification zone, a detergent dispensing zone, a filtration zone before the detergent laden water flows into the tubing to clean the tubing walls. The module contains an embedded pad which is impregnated with a pH indicator to indicate to the user when the detergent has dissolved and rinsing of the tubing begins.
Rollins, Fred P.↗
Formation and vesiculation of biomembranes during spaceflight
Shuttle flight, sounding rocket flight, and parabolic flight experiments demonstrate the formation of bilayer membrane vesicles (liposomes) in reduced gravity, following the dilution of detergent from detergent-phospholipid mixed micelles. The reduction in detergent concentration initiates assembly of bilayer membrane sheets, which are sensitive to solution disturbances. An increase in disturbances by forced dilution results in small diameter liposomes (less than 150 nm), in both ground and flight samples. In the absence of forced dilution, liposomes remain small at 1-g, but exhibit much larger diameters at 0-g (1000-2000 nm). Our spaceflight data reveal that membrane assembly and vesiculation are strongly influenced by gravity-induced solution disturbances (e.g., convection currents), which limit vesicle diameter.
Claassen, Dale E.↗