Fault tolerant approaches based on evolvable hardware and using reconfigurable electronic devices
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The paper presents and compares two approaches to design fault-tolerant evolvable hardware: one based on the fitness definition and the other based on the population statistics.
Evolvable Hardware (EHW) refers to HW design and self-reconfiguration using evolutionary/genetic mechanisms. The paper presents an overview of some key concepts of EHW, describing also a set of selected applications.
In this paper we describe the initial development of efficient mechanisms for smart on-board adaptive sensing, adaptively controlling the reconfigurable pre-processing analog electronics using evolvable hardware, which will lead to higher quality, lean data.
Outer solar system exploration and missions to comets and planets with severe environmental conditions require long-term survivability of space systems. This challenge has recently been approached with new ideas, such as using mechanisms for hardware adaptation inspired from biology.
The Jet Propulsion Laboratory (JPL) performs research in fault tolerant, long life, and space survivable electronics for the National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA). With that focus, JPL has been involved in Evolvable Hardware (EHW) technology research for the past several years. We have advanced the technology not only by simulation and evolution experiments, but also by designing, fabricating, and evolving a variety of transistor-based analog and digital circuits at the chip level. EHW refers to self-configuration of electronic hardware by evolutionary/genetic search mechanisms, thereby maintaining existing functionality in the presence of degradations due to aging, temperature, and radiation. In addition, EHW has the capability to reconfigure itself for new functionality when required for mission changes or encountered opportunities. Evolution experiments are performed using a genetic algorithm running on a DSP as the reconfiguration mechanism and controlling the evolvable hardware mounted on a self-contained circuit board. Rapid reconfiguration allows convergence to circuit solutions in the order of seconds. The paper illustrates hardware evolution results of electronic circuits and their ability to perform under 230 C temperature as well as radiations of up to 250 kRad.