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Search indexed NASA NTRS and DOE OSTI research on propulsion, heat transfer, battery materials and energy systems. Follow report and document links to the original sources.

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At least 19 records
All sourcesNASA NTRSDOE OSTI
DOE OSTI2020

A modular chromosomally integrated toolkit for ectopic gene expression in Vibrio cholerae

The ability to express genes ectopically in bacteria is essential for diverse academic and industrial applications. Two major considerations when utilizing regulated promoter systems for ectopic gene expression are (1) the ability to titrate gene expression by addition of an exogenous inducer and (2) the leakiness of the promoter element in the absence of the inducer. Here, we describe a modular chromosomally integrated platform for ectopic gene expression in Vibrio cholerae . We compare the broadly used promoter elements P tac and P BAD to versions that have an additional theophylline-responsive riboswitch (P tac -riboswitch and P BAD -riboswitch). These constructs all exhibited unimodal titratable induction of gene expression, however, max induction varied with P tac > P BAD > P BAD -riboswitch > P tac -riboswitch. We also developed a sensitive reporter system to quantify promoter leakiness and show that leakiness for P tac > P tac -riboswitch > P BAD ; while the newly developed P BAD -riboswitch exhibited no detectable leakiness. We demonstrate the utility of the tightly inducible P BAD -riboswitch construct using the dynamic activity of type IV competence pili in V. cholerae as a model system. The modular chromosomally integrated toolkit for ectopic gene expression described here should be valuable for the genetic study of V. cholerae and could be adapted for use in other species.

59 BASIC BIOLOGICAL SCIENCES↗
DOE OSTI2016

SUMMIT v2.1 Summary Report

Standard Unified Modeling Mapping and Integration Toolkit (SUMMIT) is a software capability developed by Sandia National Laboratories (SNL) under the direction and funding of the Department of Homeland Security (DHS), Science and Technology Directorate (S&T). SUMMIT is a scalable platform technology for linking together “best-in-class” models, data, and simulation tools to enable analysts, emergency planners and incident managers to more effectively, economically, and rapidly prepare, analyze, train, and respond to real or potential incidents. The SUMMIT software architecture was created under the Integrated Modeling, Mapping, and Simulation (IMMS) Project and was motivated by the issuance of Homeland Security Presidential Directive 8 (HSPD-8) which called for continuous improvement of our Nation’s preparedness to respond to catastrophic events. Furthermore, a state-of-the-art training and exercise facility called the National Exercise Simulation Center (NESC) was established within the Federal Emergency Management Agency (FEMA) headquarters.

97 MATHEMATICS AND COMPUTING↗
DOE OSTI2018

R&D Roadmap for Enhanced Resilient Plant Systems, Metrics, Scenarios, Risk Analysis, and Modeling and Simulation

The nuclear industry and the U.S. Department of Energy are jointly developing accident tolerant fuel (ATF) which has the potential to greatly improve the safety and economic performance of the current fleet of NPPs. The combination of ATF with the optimal use of FLEX equipment (deployed as an industry response to the Fukushima Daiichi Nuclear Power Plant (NPP) accident in 2012), enhancements on plant components and systems, incorporation of augmented cooling systems or new passive cooling systems, and improvements in fuel cycle efficiency, have the potential to render the NPPs more efficient and resilient to events (both internally and externally initiated) that have the potential to challenge the integrity of the fuel or plant containment. In this report, combinations of these plant improvements are called Enhanced Resilient Plant Systems. In order to accelerate the development and deployment of the components that comprise Enhanced Resilient Plant Systems, a well-integrated toolkit that is fuel/clad-, fuel cycle-, systems-, and scenario-centric is required to provide a ready platform for the analysis of the advanced ATF fuel and cladding materials that are being developed, as well as plant systems modifications to achieve enhanced resiliency. Since the deployment of these enhancements will comprise a risk/benefit tradeoff of their impacts on plant safety and economics, the envisioned toolkit will need to be capable to characterizing the multidimensional aspects associated with these evaluations and provide decision-makers with information that can optimize the technological, economic, and safety benefits that are to be obtained. The Risk-Informed Systems Analysis (RISA) Pathway of the DOE Light Water Reactor Sustainability (LWRS) Program initiated several research tasks to develop analytical capabilities to support the industry in the transition to the ATF and Enhanced Resilient Plant Systems. The general idea behind the initiative is the development of an integrated evaluation approach which combines the plant probabilistic risk assessment (PRA) models with Multi-Physics Best Estimate Plus Uncertainty (MP-BEPU) analyses in a seamless fashion. The integrated evaluation framework aims at enabling plant system configuration variations to be studied with speed and precision, including detailed risk and benefit assessments of introducing ATF and Enhanced Resilient Plant Systems into current LWR plants to achieve both safety and operational performance enhancements. The focus of this report is to present an integrated research and development (R&D) roadmap to identify and perform high value evaluations of proposed ATF and Enhanced Resilient Plant Systems concepts to identify both the technical (e.g. benefits to risk, safety, and operational margins) and the economic (i.e. business and cost) elements associated with industry adoption of the technology. The integrated evaluation approach will be developed to support the development, testing, qualification, licensing, and deployment of ATF and Enhanced Resilient Plant Systems technology that is capable of achieving substantial safety and economic improvements as well as timely widespread adoption by the US nuclear industry.

22 GENERAL STUDIES OF NUCLEAR REACTORS↗
DOE OSTI2021

Systematic Enterprise Risk Management by Integrating the RISMC Toolkit and Cost-Benefit Analysis (Final Report)

The goal of this research is to theorize and quantify the relationships between safety and the financial performance of nuclear power plants (NPPs). The Socio-Technical Risk Analysis (SoTeRiA) theoretical framework, which connects the social aspects (e.g., safety culture) and structural features (e.g., safety practices) of an organization with organizational safety and financial risks, is used to theorize the direct and indirect relationships between safety and the financial performance of NPPs. An Integrated Enterprise Risk Management (I-ERM) methodological framework is developed to operationalize SoTeRiA to quantify NPP safety and financial performance in a unified platform where their underlying physical degradation mechanisms, coupled with maintenance performance (considering human and organizational factors), are explicitly incorporated to depict the interconnections and dependencies between safety and financial performance. In this study, NPP safety refers to both occupational safety and system safety (estimated from Probabilistic Risk Assessment, PRA), and financial performance refers to the monetary values associated with NPP operation and maintenance (O&M) strategies. This report covers a case study demonstrating the feasibility of the I-ERM methodological framework. More detailed development of one of the I-ERM modules, i.e., Probabilistic Physics-of-Failure (PPoF) analysis, and its connection with other I-ERM modules is demonstrated in a second case study. The outcome of this research will help NPP decision-makers create cost-saving maintenance strategies while maintaining safety by providing cost- and risk-informed recommendations regarding maintenance work processes and operational strategies.

21 SPECIFIC NUCLEAR REACTORS AND ASSOCIATED PLANTS↗
DOE OSTI2023

WIND Toolkit Raw Data Reformatted

Wind Integration National Dataset Toolkit The Wind Integration National Dataset (WIND) Toolkit is an update and expansion of the Eastern Wind Integration Data Set and Western Wind Integration Data Set. It supports the next generation of wind integration studies.

17 WIND ENERGY↗
DOE OSTI2018

NREL Renewable Energy Resource Data

This data is derived from the Wind Integration National Dataset (WIND) Toolkit and the Solar Integration National Dataset (SIND). The WIND Toolkit provides meteorological conditions and turbine power for more than 126,000 land-based and offshore wind sites across the continental United States, and the SIND Toolkit provides subhourly solar power data designed to assist researchers and utilities in solar generation integration studies This data set includes meteorological variables, including wind speed, direction, temperature, pressure, air density, irradiance, and surface temperature. Parameters such as wind profiles, atmospheric stability, and solar radiation data are also included.

P↗
DOE OSTI2018

NREL Renewable Energy Resource Data

This data is derived from the Wind Integration National Dataset (WIND) Toolkit and the Solar Integration National Dataset (SIND). The WIND Toolkit provides meteorological conditions and turbine power for more than 126,000 land-based and offshore wind sites across the continental United States, and the SIND Toolkit provides subhourly solar power data designed to assist researchers and utilities in solar generation integration studies This data set includes meteorological variables, including wind speed, direction, temperature, pressure, air density, irradiance, and surface temperature. Parameters such as wind profiles, atmospheric stability, and solar radiation data are also included.

Rossol, Michael↗
DOE OSTI2025

Fine-Grained Application Energy and Power Measurements on the Frontier Exascale System

The increasing complexity and power/energy demands of heterogeneous exascale systems, such as the Frontier supercomputer, present significant challenges for measuring and optimizing power consumption in applications. Current tools either lack the resolution to capture fine-grained power and energy measurements, fail to validate in-band measurements against out-of-band power sensors, or cannot integrate this information with application performance events in a scalable manner. This paper introduces a novel open-source performance toolkit that integrates extended PAPI components with Score-P plugins to enable in-band, fine-grained power and energy measurements, while also supporting validation using power meter measurements for both CPUs and GPUs. One key contribution is the ability to perform millisecond-level power and energy measurements for AMD MI250X GPUs, mapping them to application performance events within a single trace and measurement system that scales. Our toolkit combines coarse-grained measurements from cray_pm counters with high-resolution metrics from rocm_smi and RAPL, converting GPU instantaneous accumulated energy into power to capture both transient and steady-state power behavior, a capability often missed by out-of-band and monitoring tools. By mapping these metrics to specific application regions, developers can identify energy hotspots, address inefficiencies in GPU kernel execution, and validate in-band measurements against external measurements. We demonstrate the effectiveness of this approach through case studies using benchmarks such as GPU rocblas_sgemm, BLIS c_blas_dgemm, and rocHPL, highlighting the variability of the measurements and the impact of transient power spikes on kernel-level efficiency.

Hernandez Mendoza, Oscar [ORNL] (ORCID:00000002538↗
DOE OSTI2019

XScan: An Integrated Tool for Understanding Open Source Community-Based Scientific Code

Many scientific communities have adopted community-based models that integrate multiple components to simulate whole system dynamics. The community software projects’ complexity, stems from the integration of multiple individual software components that were developed under different application requirements and various machine architectures, has become a challenge for effective software system understanding and continuous software development. The paper presents an integrated software toolkit called X-ray Software Scanner (in abbreviation, XScan) for a better understanding of large-scale community-based scientific codes. Our software tool provides support to quickly summarize the overall information of scientific codes, including the number of lines of code, programming languages, external library dependencies, as well as architecture-dependent parallel software features. The XScan toolkit also realizes a static software analysis component to collect detailed structural information and provides an interactive visualization and analysis of the functions. We use a large-scale community-based Earth System Model to demonstrate the workflow, functions and visualization of the toolkit. We also discuss the application of advanced graph analytics techniques to assist software modular design and component refactoring.

Zheng, Weijian↗
DOE OSTI2018

pnnl/biota

Fortran 90 source code and an example problem for the Toolkit for Integrated Impact Assessments (TIIA).

Napier, Bruce↗
DOE OSTI2020

Variable Renewable Energy Grid Integration Studies: A Guidebook for Practitioners

This guidebook provides power system planners with a brief but comprehensive summary of the strategies, best practices, and terminology associated with conducting a high-impact grid integration study. The objective is to provide practical guidance to teams that are in the initial stages of designing a grid integration study effort. Though this guidance is broadly applicable to most power systems, it emphasizes considerations relevant to developing economies, drawing on experiences from efforts by the United States Agency for International Development (USAID) to support this type of analysis with its partner countries.

24 POWER TRANSMISSION AND DISTRIBUTION↗
DOE OSTI2016

Loss of Coolant Accident (LOCA) / Emergency Core Coolant System (ECCS Evaluation of Risk-Informed Margins Management Strategies for a Representative Pressurized Water Reactor (PWR)

A Risk Informed Safety Margin Characterization (RISMC) toolkit and methodology are proposed for investigating nuclear power plant core, fuels design and safety analysis, including postulated Loss-of-Coolant Accident (LOCA) analysis. This toolkit, under an integrated evaluation model framework, is name LOCA toolkit for the US (LOTUS). This demonstration includes coupled analysis of core design, fuel design, thermal hydraulics and systems analysis, using advanced risk analysis tools and methods to investigate a wide range of results.

22 GENERAL STUDIES OF NUCLEAR REACTORS↗
DOE OSTI2025

Preliminary Study on Fine-Grained Power and Energy Measurements on Grace Hopper GH200 with Open-Source Performance Tools

The increasing adoption of tightly integrated, heterogeneous architectures, combined with the slowdown of Moore’s law, has made application power and energy-driven optimizations critical to efficiently use high-performance computing systems. This paper introduces a newly developed open-source toolkit that seamlessly integrates the Linux real-time hardware monitoring program hwmon with the Performance Application Programming Interface and the Score-P performance measurement system, thereby enabling fine-grained power and energy measurements for high-performance computing applications. Our primary target platform is the Wombat test bed, which is a system based on the NVIDIA GH200 superchip. The toolkit can capture transient power peaks with high temporal resolution (50 ms) and, thanks to Score-P integration, can map power metrics to specific code regions, thereby providing actionable information on power-intensive operations and inefficiencies. The toolkit also provides a holistic view of both the power and the energy consumption of the entire GH200 superchip by covering all major components: the Grace CPU, the Hopper GPU, and the I/O subsystem. Experiments that use Locally Self-consistent Multiple Scattering, which is an application for first-principles calculations of materials developed at Oak Ridge National Laboratory, have demonstrated the tool’s ability to identify transient power spikes and uncover opportunities for energy-aware optimizations. Additionally, we introduce a Python-based utility for converting Open Trace Format 2 traces to Parquet format, thus enabling advanced data analysis for numerical integration methods applied to power data for accurate energy profiling.

Hernandez Mendoza, Oscar [ORNL] (ORCID:00000002538↗
DOE OSTI2017

High Quality Data for Grid Integration Studies

As variable renewable power penetration levels increase in power systems worldwide, renewable integration studies are crucial to ensure continued economic and reliable operation of the power grid. The existing electric grid infrastructure in the US in particular poses significant limitations on wind power expansion. In this presentation we will shed light on requirements for grid integration studies as far as wind and solar energy are concerned. Because wind and solar plants are strongly impacted by weather, high-resolution and high-quality weather data are required to drive power system simulations. Future data sets will have to push limits of numerical weather prediction to yield these high-resolution data sets, and wind data will have to be time-synchronized with solar data. Current wind and solar integration data sets are presented. The Wind Integration National Dataset (WIND) Toolkit is the largest and most complete grid integration data set publicly available to date. A meteorological data set, wind power production time series, and simulated forecasts created using the Weather Research and Forecasting Model run on a 2-km grid over the continental United States at a 5-min resolution is now publicly available for more than 126,000 land-based and offshore wind power production sites. The National Solar Radiation Database (NSRDB) is a similar high temporal- and spatial resolution database of 18 years of solar resource data for North America and India. The need for high-resolution weather data pushes modeling towards finer scales and closer synchronization. We also present how we anticipate such datasets developing in the future, their benefits, and the challenges with using and disseminating such large amounts of data.

14 SOLAR ENERGY↗
DOE OSTI2021

Bias Characterization, Vertical Interpolation, and Horizontal Interpolation for Distributed Wind Siting Using Mesoscale Wind Resource Estimates

Much like their counterparts in utility-scale wind energy, developers of industrial, small-scale and distributed wind turbine deployments need to understand and accurately characterize the wind resource to properly assess the power generation and financial ramifications during siting and planning. National Renewable Energy Laboratory’s WIND (Wind Integration National Dataset) Toolkit (WTK) provides a best-in-class wind resource dataset generated using the Weather Research and Forecasting (WRF) model. This dataset includes parameters such as the wind speed, wind direction, and temperature at various heights, plus atmospheric stability near the surface. This data is available at 2-km spatial resolution and five-minute temporal resolution across 7 years, from 2007 to 2013 through a publicly accessible API interface. The Tools Assessing Performance (TAP) project seeks to extend this dataset to allow long term resource estimates and leverage it to better equip distributed wind equipment manufacturers, owner-operators, and installation professionals with better tools for practical siting applications. In this report, we present the results from our investigation within the TAP project focused on characterization of bias in WTK-based wind speed estimates and evaluation of vertical and horizontal interpolation techniques. We discuss the tradeoffs between different techniques and their combinations, as well as describe the lower bounds we determine for the studied validation errors. While the specific estimates we present are specific to WTK and the validation dataset we have chosen for this investigation (NREL's Wind Resource Meteorological Database), the overall analysis and the studied techniques are general enough to be applied to a broader set of wind datasets, both simulation-based and observational.

17 WIND ENERGY↗