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Results for “liquid liquid equilibrium”

Search indexed NASA NTRS and DOE OSTI research on propulsion, heat transfer, battery materials and energy systems. Follow report and document links to the original sources.

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At least 19 records
All sourcesNASA NTRSDOE OSTI
NASA NTRS1961

Viscosity Difference Measurements for Normal and Para Liquid Hydrogen Mixtures

The absence of experimental data in the literature concerning a viscosity difference for normal and equilibrium liquid hydrogen may be attributed to the limited reproducibility of "oscillating disk" measurements in a liquid-hydrogen environment. Indeed, there is disagreement over the viscosity values for equilibrium liquid hydrogen even without proton spin considerations. Measurements presented here represent the first application of the piezoelectric alpha quartz torsional oscillator technique to liquid-hydrogen viscosity measurements.

Webeler, R.↗
NASA NTRS1961

An Experimental Investigation of the Damping of Liquid Oscillations in an Oblate Spheroidal Tank With and Without Baffles

An experimental investigation was conducted to determine the damping of the fundamental antisymmetric mode of oscillation of liquids contained in an oblate spheroidal tank. The decay of the fundamental mode was studied for a range of liquid depths in tanks with and without baffles. In the investigation of baffle effects, ring and cruciform baffles of various sizes were fixed at different locations within the tank. Data presented show the variation of the damping factor with tank fullness and with baffle type, width, location, and orientation as well as the effects of the amplitude of the liquid oscillations and of small variations in the liquid kinematic viscosity on the damping factor. The results of the investigation indicate that the addition of ring baffles to the tank results in an increase in the available effective damping when the baffle plane is in a region near the equilibrium liquid surface, and that cruciform baffles are effective in the damping of the fundamental mode in the near-empty tank. No apparent changes in damping for the tanks having ring baffles were observed as the kinematic viscosity of the liquid was varied over a small range.

Stephens, David G.↗
NASA NTRS1974

Descartes Mountains and Cayley Plains - Composition and provenance

Trace element compositions of petrographically characterized 2-4 mm lithic fragments from Apollo 16 soil samples are used to calculate initial REE concentrations in liquids in equilibrium with lunar anorthosites and to discuss the provenance of the Cayley Formation. Lithic fragments may be subdivided into four groups: (1) ANT rocks, (2) K- and SiO2-rich mesostasis-bearing rocks, (3) poikiloblastic rocks, and (4) (spinel) troctolites. Model liquids in equilibrium with essentially monominerallic anorthosites have initial REE concentrations 5-8 times those of chondrites. The REE contents of K- and SiO2-rich mesostasis-bearing rocks and poikiloblastic rocks are dominated by the mesostasis phases. ANT rocks appear to be more abundant in the Descartes Mountains, while poikiloblastic rocks appear to be more abundant in the Cayley Plains. Poikiloblastic rocks have intermediate to high LIL-element concentrations yet the low gamma-ray activity of Mare Orientale implies low LIL-element concentrations. Consequently, it is unlikely that the Cayley Formation is Orientale ejecta. A local origin as ejecta from smaller impacts is a more plausible model for the deposition of the Cayley Formation.

Drake, M. J.↗
NASA NTRS1978

Effects of kinetics on the crystallization of quartz normative basalt 15597 - An experimental study

Equilibrium experiments on a residual liquid composition from the dynamic crystallization study on quartz normative basalt (QNB) 15597 are used to evaluate the effects of kinetics on the crystallization of pyroxene-porphyritic basalts. The results indicate that the liquids coexisting with pyroxene phenocryst rims before the precipitation of groundmass plagioclase + pyroxene have left the equilibrium liquid line of descent and metastably penetrated the plagioclase primary phase volume. The precipitation of groundmass plagioclase + pyroxene brings the basalt system closer to equilibrium with respect to the residual liquid and crystals. At rapid cooling rates pyroxene phenocryst growth produces substantial compositional gradients in the residual silicate liquid at the pyroxene/liquid interface. The compositional gradients enhance the nucleation and growth of groundmass phases at the phenocryst interface, because effects related to constitutional supercooling for these phases (e.g., plagioclase, pyroxene, etc.) favor nucleation at the interface.

Grove, T. L.↗
NASA NTRS1975

Finite element solution of low bond number sloshing

The dynamics of liquid propellant in a low Bond number environment which are critical to the design of spacecraft systems with respect to orbital propellant transfer and attitude control system were investigated. Digital computer programs were developed for the determination of liquid free surface equilibrium shape, lateral slosh natural vibration mode shapes, and frequencies for a liquid in a container of arbitrary axisymmetric shape with surface tension forces the same order of magnitude as acceleration forces. A finite volume element representation of the liquid was used for the vibration analysis. The liquid free surface equilibrium shapes were computed for several tanks at various contact angles and ullage volumes. A configuration was selected for vibration analysis and lateral slosh mode shapes and natural frequencies were obtained. Results are documented.

Wohlen, R. L.↗
NASA NTRS1977

Rare earth and trace element geochemistry of a fragment of Jurassic seafloor, Point Sal, California

Rocks from an ophiolite suite once on the seafloor were analyzed for rare earth elements (REE), Sc, Co, Na2O, Cr, Zn and FeO. Strontium isotope exchange noted in some of the lavas is attributed to basalt-seawater interaction; the Ce abundance in smectite- and zeolite-bearing lavas may also be due to prolonged exposure to seawater. The higher grades of metamorphic rock, however, show no variation from the usual flat or slightly light REE depleted profiles. Plutonic igneous rock, all light REE depleted, have total REE abundances varying by a factor of 100 between the dunites and diorites. In order of decreasing REE abundance are hornblende, clinopyroxene, plagioclase, orthopyroxene and olivine. Calculations of REE contents of liquids in equilibrium with early cumulative clinopyroxenes suggest that the parent to the stratiform sequence was more depleted in light REE than the parent to the lava pile.

Menzies, M.↗
NASA NTRS1978

Magma mixing at mid-ocean ridges - Evidence from legs 45 and 46-DSDP

An integrated petrologic and geochemical study of basalts recovered in Legs 45 and 46 (DSDP) has indicated, on the basis of disequilibrium mineralogy, that these moderately evolved basalts are mixtures of primitive mantle-derived tholeiites with more evolved magmas. Plagioclase phenocrysts are characterized by substantial diversity in composition and zoning pattern. Many olivine and plagioclase phenocrysts are too refractory to be in equilibrium with liquids of the host basalt composition but possess a composition consistent with crystallization from a primitive mantle-derived basalt liquid. On the basis of melt inclusions trapped in the olivine phenocrysts, features of the primitive melt are estimated. It is suggested that subvolcanic magma chambers beneath midocean ridges receive periodic injections of this primitive melt and its attendant phenocrysts which mix with fractionated chamber-bound magmas, resulting in observed moderately evolved lavas.

Dungan, M. A.↗