Nickel-cadmium battery reconditioner
Automatic device for recharging of nickel-cadmium battery
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Automatic device for recharging of nickel-cadmium battery
Active compound formation on battery nickel oxide electrode during charge, overcharge, and discharge
Nickel Hydrogen cell and battery technology has matured to the point where a real choice exists between Nickel Hydrogen and Nickel Cadmium batteries for each new spacecraft application. During the past few years, a number of spacecraft programs have been evaluated at Hughes with respect to this choice, with the results being split about fifty-fifty. The following paragraphs contain criteria which were used in making the battery selection.
X-ray diffraction patterns of nickel-cadmium battery electrodes and stabilization of nickel oxides and hydroxides
Nickel-cadmium spacecraft battery with auxiliary charge control electrode
The principles of Nickel-Cadmium and Nickel-Hydrogen spacecraft battery models are discussed. The Ni-Cd battery model includes two phase positive electrode and its predictions are very close to actual data. But the Ni-H2 battery model predictions (without the two phase positive electrode) are unacceptable even though the model is operational. Both models run on UNIX and Macintosh computers.
Design and electric characteristics of 100 A-h nickel-cadmium battery cells with active Adhydrode third electrode
Identification and characterization of battery active compound structures formed on nickel oxide electrode during charging and discharging
Effect of radiation on nickel-cadmium battery electrodes
Features of the first operational nickel hydrogen battery are described as well as experiences encountered during its testing and installation. Battery performance since launching of the NTS-2 satellite is discussed.
Flexible fiber metal battery plaques production
Topics considered include: Battery design, cell design, the 'VHS' type design, positive and negative electrodes, separator, electrolite, life test, performance test, accelerated cycle test.
A design program for the development of a nickel hydrogen battery is described. The design and design advantages of the battery are discussed. The general characteristics of the battery such as the strain gage cell pressure monitoring and the automatic low temperature heater control are reported along with the performance characteristics.
Topics considered include: NASA-Small Spacecraft Technology Initiative (SSTI) objectives, SSTI-Lewis overview, battery requirement, two cells Common Pressure Vessel (CPV) design summary, CPV electric performance, battery design summary, battery functional description, battery performance.
Values for the capacity loss with time, naturally on open circuit stand, and information regarding the minimum amount of circuit charge needed to keep the cell charged can be determined from the self-discharge behavior of nickel hydrogen cells. Furthermore, the rate of reaction between hydrogen and a charged nickel electrode is also open for nickel cadmium batteries. In a nickel hydrogen cell, the hydrogen is stored as pressurized gas and the cell stack with the charge that is oxidized nickel-hydroxide electrode is in direct contact with the hydrogen. Therefore, the rate of reaction can be measured easily and precisely by monitoring the charge, the change in hydrogen pressure with time. Measures made on twelve 15 ampere hour nickel hydrogen cells of different stack configurations built for COMSAT are discussed.
A series of tests were performed to characterize battery performance relating to certain operating parameters which include charge current, discharge current, temperature, and pressure. The parameters were varied to confirm battery design concepts and to determine optimal operating conditions.
Several battery models are under development at JPL based on first principles. The recent models are based on NiH2 and NiMH chemistries. Performance results and computation requirements are discussed.
The topics covered are presented in viewgraph form and include the following: the Hubble Space Telescope (HST) Mission; system constraints; battery specification; battery module; simplified block diagram; cell design summary; present status; voltage decay; system depth of discharge; pressure since launch; system capacity; eclipse time vs. trickle charge; capacity test objectives; and capacity during tests.