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Results for “nickel carbide”

Search indexed NASA NTRS and DOE OSTI research on propulsion, heat transfer, battery materials and energy systems. Follow report and document links to the original sources.

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At least 19 records
All sourcesNASA NTRSDOE OSTI
DOE OSTI2025

Close-up view of the interplay between lattice distortions and charge density waves: Case study on rare-earth nickel carbides

Using variable temperature total x-ray scattering and large-scale structure modeling, we study the temperature and composition evolution of lattice distortions and charge density waves (CDWs) in the archetypal strongly correlated system RENi⁢ C 2 (RE=Dy, Tb, Gd, and Sm). Joint analysis of reciprocal and real space data reveals the presence of strong lattice distortions that, depending on the RE species and temperature, appear periodic or remain local, forming a complex CDW phase diagram. Apparently, the CDWs in RENi⁢ C 2 materials arise from a common to the system lattice instability involving diverse distortion modes that persist when magnetic order also sets in at very low temperature. In conclusion, the results support the notion that intrinsic lattice distortions are important to the emergence of exotic electronic phases in strongly correlated systems and call for their further investigation using the advanced approach adopted here.

36 MATERIALS SCIENCE↗
DOE OSTI2020

Method for producing nanoparticles and the nanoparticles produced therefrom

Disclosed herein is a method comprising disposing a container containing a metal and/or ferromagnetic solid and abrasive particles in a static magnetic field; where the container is surrounded by an induction coil; activating the induction coil with an electrical current, to heat up the metallic or ferromagnetic solid to form a fluid; generating sonic energy to produce acoustic cavitation and abrasion between the abrasive particles and the container; and producing nanoparticles that comprise elements from the container, the metal and/or the ferromagnetic solid and the abrasive particles. Disclosed herein too is a composition comprising first metal or a first ceramic; and particles comprising carbides and/or nitrides dispersed therein. Disclosed herein too is a composition comprising nanoparticles comprising chromium carbide, iron carbide, nickel carbide, γ-Fe and magnesium nickel.

36 MATERIALS SCIENCE↗
DOE OSTI2022

Method for producing nanoparticles and the nanoparticles produced therefrom

Disclosed herein is a method comprising disposing a container containing a metal and/or ferromagnetic solid and abrasive particles in a static magnetic field; where the container is surrounded by an induction coil; activating the induction coil with an electrical current, to heat up the metallic or ferromagnetic solid to form a fluid; generating sonic energy to produce acoustic cavitation and abrasion between the abrasive particles and the container; and producing nanoparticles that comprise elements from the container, the metal and/or the ferromagnetic solid and the abrasive particles. Disclosed herein too is a composition comprising first metal or a first ceramic; and particles comprising carbides and/or nitrides dispersed therein. Disclosed herein too is a composition comprising nanoparticles comprising chromium carbide, iron carbide, nickel carbide, γ-Fe and magnesium nitride.

Manuel, Michele Viola↗
DOE OSTI2023

Method for producing nanoparticles and the nanoparticles produced therefrom

Disclosed herein is a method comprising disposing a container containing a metal and/or ferromagnetic solid and abrasive particles in a static magnetic field; where the container is surrounded by an induction coil; activating the induction coil with an electrical current, to heat up the metallic or ferromagnetic solid to form a fluid; generating sonic energy to produce acoustic cavitation and abrasion between the abrasive particles and the container; and producing nanoparticles that comprise elements from the container, the metal and/or the ferromagnetic solid and the abrasive particles. Disclosed herein too is a composition comprising first metal or a first ceramic; and particles comprising carbides and/or nitrides dispersed therein. Disclosed herein too is a composition comprising nanoparticles comprising chromium carbide, iron carbide, nickel carbide, γ-Fe and magnesium nitride.

Manuel, Michele Viola↗
DOE OSTI2023

Method for producing nanoparticles and the nanoparticles produced therefrom

Disclosed herein is a method comprising disposing a container containing a metal and/or ferromagnetic solid and abrasive particles in a static magnetic field; where the container is surrounded by an induction coil; activating the induction coil with an electrical current, to heat up the metallic or ferromagnetic solid to form a fluid; generating sonic energy to produce acoustic cavitation and abrasion between the abrasive particles and the container; and producing nanoparticles that comprise elements from the container, the metal and/or the ferromagnetic solid and the abrasive particles. Disclosed herein too is a composition comprising first metal or a first ceramic; and particles comprising carbides and/or nitrides dispersed therein. Disclosed herein too is a composition comprising nanoparticles comprising chromium carbide, iron carbide, nickel carbide, γ-Fe and magnesium nitride.

Manuel, Michele Viola↗
NASA NTRS1959

Measurements of Total Hemispherical Emissivity of Several Stably Oxidized Nickel-Titanium Carbide Cemented Hard Metals from 600 F to 1,600 F

The total hemispherical emissivity of several nickel-titanium carbide cemented hard metals have been measured over a temperature range from 600 F to l,600 F. A variety of cemented hard metals were obtained from the Kennametal Corporation. A brief discussion of the apparatus employed and the procedures used for this investigation is included. The results of the tests of specimens in the as-received and polished states indicate a nearly constant emissivity for each material tested over the temperature range considered and only slight differences in emissivity values for the different materials. Values obtained on the stably oxidized specimens range from 0.90 to 0.94 at 6000 F and o.88 to 0.92 at 1,600 F for the as-received specimens and from 0.82 to 0.89 at 600 F and 0.85 to 0.87 at 1,600 F for the polished specimens. The surface analysis of the oxidized materials as obtained by X-ray diffraction methods and metallographic techniques are presented as an aid to reproducing the surface on which these measurements were made.

Wade, William R.↗
NASA NTRS1970

Several new catalysts for reduction of oxygen in fuel cells

Test results prove nickel carbide or nitride, nickel-cobalt carbide, titanium carbide or nitride, and intermetallic compounds of the transition or noble metals to be efficient electrocatalysts for oxygen reduction in alkaline electrolytes in low temperature fuel cells.

Cattabriga, R. A.↗
NASA NTRS1987

Materials for Advanced Turbine Engines (MATE). Project 4: Erosion resistant compressor airfoil coating

The ability of coatings to provide at least a 2X improvement in particulate erosion resistance for steel, nickel and titanium compressor airfoils was identified and demonstrated. Coating materials evaluated included plasma sprayed cobalt tungsten carbide, nickel carbide and diffusion applied chromium plus boron. Several processing parameters for plasma spray processing and diffusion coating were evaluated to identify coating systems having the most potential for providing airfoil erosion resistance. Based on laboratory results and analytical evaluations, selected coating systems were applied to gas turbine blades and evaluated for surface finish, burner rig erosion resistance and effect on high cycle fatigue strength. Based on these tests, the following coatings were recommended for engine testing: Gator-Gard plasma spray 88WC-12Co on titanium alloy airfoils, plasma spray 83WC-17Co on steel and nickel alloy airfoils, and Cr+B on nickel alloy airfoils.

Rashid, J. M.↗
DOE OSTI2021

Zeolitic-Imidazolate Framework Derived Intermetallic Nickel Zinc Carbide Material as a Selective Catalyst for CO 2 to CO Reduction at High Pressure

The conversion of CO 2 into CO is an important step in CO 2 utilization to achieve clean fuels and value-added chemicals. Herein, we explored the pyrolysis of zeolitic imidazolate framework-8 (ZIF-8) loaded with different amounts of Ni 2+ to obtain Ni-Zn carbide (Ni 3 ZnC) embedded in N-doped carbon. Ni is present in the intermetallic compound, while Zn excess remains on the N-doped carbon. The Ni 3 ZnC phase catalyzes the selective hydrogenation of CO 2 into CO via the reverse water gas shift reaction, reaching 100 % CO selectivity at ~30 % CO 2 conversion at 450 °C and atmosphere pressure (CO 2 :H 2 =1:4, GHSV=30000 mL g cat -1 h -1 ). The methanation reaction of CO 2 /CO, which is usually favored over Ni catalysts, is suppressed. The selectivity to CO at the expense of CH 4 is related to the stability of chemisorbed CO in the Ni 3 ZnC surface, which is lower compared to Ni surfaces. The Ni 3 ZnC@NC catalyst is selective towards CO over a wide range of conditions, including high pressure, that is usually required for the conversion of CO to hydrocarbons and alcohols via the Fisher-Tropsch synthesis (FTS) process. Contrarily, a classical Ni/SiO 2 catalyst prepared by impregnation produces CH 4 under high pressure.

37 INORGANIC, ORGANIC, PHYSICAL, AND ANALYTICAL CH↗
NASA NTRS1957

Preliminary Investigation of the Effect of Surface Treatment on the Strength of a Titanium Carbide - 30 Percent Nickel Base Cermet

Specimens of a nickel-bonded titanium carbide cermet were given the following surface treatments: (1) grinding, (2) lapping, (3) blast cleaning, (4) acid roughening, (5) oxidizing, and (6) oxidizing and refinishing. Room-temperature modulus-of-rupture and impact strength varied with the different surface treatments. Considerable strength losses resulted from the following treatments: (1) oxidation at 1600 F for 100 hours, (2) acid roughening, and (3) severe grinding with 60-grit silicon carbide abrasive. The strength loss after oxidation was partially recovered by grit blasting or diamond grinding.

MATERIALS, PROPERTIES - FLEXURE↗
NASA NTRS1983

Epsilon carbide - A low-temperature component of interplanetary dust particles

Transmission electron microscope study of a chondritic interplanetary dust particle has revealed the presence of epsilon iron-nickel carbide, a low-temperature carbide previously encountered only in metallurgical studies. In these studies epsilon-carbide was synthesized by carburization of iron or nickel grains in a stream of carbon monoxide or carbon monoxide plus hydrogen. Similar carburization of an iron-nickel metal in situ may have produced epsilon-carbide during particle heating on atmospheric entry or in solar orbit. Alternatively, the epsilon-carbide may be a by-product of Fischer-Tropsch reactions in the solar nebula. Such reactions have been proposed as the mechanism of hydrocarbon formation in the early solar system.

Christoffersen, R.↗
DOE OSTI2025

Discovery and Characterization of a Metastable Cubic Interstitial Nickel–Carbon System with an Expanded Lattice

Metastable, i.e., kinetically favored but thermodynamically not stable, interstitial solid solutions of carbon in iron are well-understood. Carbon can occupy the interstitial atoms of the host metal, altering its properties. Alloying of the host metal results in the stabilization of the FeC x phases, widening its application. Pure nickel finds niche applications, mainly focusing on catalysis, while nickel alloys are widely applied, e.g., in gas turbines, reactors, and seawater piping. Nickel carbide (Ni 3 C) is the well-known stable Ni–C system displaying a rhombohedral (R3̅c) crystal structure. Some reports describe an elusive cubic Ni–C system, observed during certain catalytic reactions occurring on nickel and formed by the occupation of the interstitials of the metal with carbon: to date, the stabilization and characterization of this phase have not been accomplished. Hereby, we report on the synthesis of a cubic metastable NiC x phase using chemical vapor deposition of methane on supported nickel nanoparticles. The structure was predicted by DFT/ReaxFF, synthesized and monitored with in situ time-resolved synchrotron XRD, and experimentally confirmed by Rietveld refinement and (S)TEM-EELS under ambient conditions. The results show an Fm3̅m phase with a lattice parameter of a = 3.749 ± 0.037 Å at room temperature, with the highest ever reported atomic percentage of carbon occupying the octahedral interstices of 23.1%, resulting in a NiC 0.3 phase. The degree of occupation of the interstitial voids by carbon can be controlled, enabling the tuning of the host metal’s d-spacing and composition, highlighting the applicability of this synthesis route for catalytic nanoparticle preparation.

37 INORGANIC, ORGANIC, PHYSICAL, AND ANALYTICAL CH↗
DOE OSTI2020

Structural integrity of additively manufactured stainless steel with cold sprayed barrier coating under combined cyclic loading

Integration of metal additive manufacturing (AM) and cold spray (CS) technologies provide an unprecedented opportunity to manufacture coated material systems with complex geometrical features. The application of these material systems in functionally critical components requires adequate structural integrity, particularly in the presence of cyclic loading. This article researches the multiaxial fatigue (axial-torsional cyclic loading) behavior of a coated material system consisting of 15Cr-5Ni precipitation-hardening stainless steel (15-5 PH SS) substrate additively manufactured by direct metal laser sintering with a layer of chromium carbide nickel (CrC-Ni) barrier coating deposited by CS. The influence of AM and CS-induced residual stresses on fatigue performance of test specimens was thoroughly studied. Additionally, the effect of surface roughness and processes induced defects were considered to explain the crack growth mechanism. Stresses assessed by synchrotron X-ray diffraction indicated a substantial accumulation of residual stresses, particularly in the outer surface of the as-fabricated 155 PH SS specimens. The state of residual stress was changed notably following the deposition of CrC-Ni coating in the axial, hoop, and radial directions of the fatigue test specimen. Also, CS deposition of CrC-Ni coating caused significant improvement in the surface quality of the additively manufactured components. Fatigue test results indicated, CS deposition of CrC-Ni substantially enhances the fatigue life of the AM-produced 15-5 PH SS substrate in all loading conditions, particularly in the high cycle fatigue regime. The improvement in the fatigue life of the specimens with coating was associated with a reduction in equivalent residual stress at the substrate surface and improvement in the specimens' surface condition (i.e., reduced surface roughness). The fractographic analysis of the specimen indicated the cracks tend to initiate in the surface of both as-fabricated and cold-sprayed specimens. However, the mechanism of crack growth changed notably following the deposition of CrC-Ni coating. The cracks tended to propagate in the planes parallel or with a small deviation from the build layers of the AM-produced specimens. On the other hand, deposition of CrC-Ni coating increased the deviation of crack growth plane from the build layers of the substrate.

36 MATERIALS SCIENCE↗
NASA NTRS1984

Ceramic microstructure and adhesion

When a ceramic is brought into contact with a ceramic, a polymer, or a metal, strong bond forces can develop between the materials. The bonding forces will depend upon the state of the surfaces, cleanliness and the fundamental properties of the two solids, both surface and bulk. Adhesion between a ceramic and another solid are discussed from a theoretical consideration of the nature of the surfaces and experimentally by relating bond forces to interface resulting from solid state contact. Surface properties of ceramics correlated with adhesion include, orientation, reconstruction and diffusion as well as the chemistry of the surface specie. Where a ceramic is in contact with a metal their interactive chemistry and bond strength is considered. Bulk properties examined include elastic and plastic behavior in the surficial regions, cohesive binding energies, crystal structures and crystallographic orientation. Materials examined with respect to interfacial adhesive interactions include silicon carbide, nickel zinc ferrite, manganese zinc ferrite, and aluminum oxide. The surfaces of the contacting solids are studied both in the atomic or molecularly clean state and in the presence of selected surface contaminants.

Buckley, D. H.↗
NASA NTRS1985

Ceramic microstructure and adhesion

When a ceramic is brought into contact with a ceramic, a polymer, or a metal, strong bond forces can develop between the materials. The bonding forces will depend upon the state of the surfaces, cleanliness and the fundamental properties of the two solids, both surface and bulk. Adhesion between a ceramic and another solid are discussed from a theoretical consideration of the nature of the surfaces and experimentally by relating bond forces to interface resulting from solid state contact. Surface properties of ceramics correlated with adhesion include, orientation, reconstruction and diffusion as well as the chemistry of the surface specie. Where a ceramic is in contact with a metal their interactive chemistry and bond strength is considered. Bulk properties examined include elastic and plastic behavior in the surficial regions, cohesive binding energies, crystal structures and crystallographic orientation. Materials examined with respect to interfacial adhesive interactions include silicon carbide, nickel zinc ferrite, manganese zinc ferrite, and aluminum oxide. The surfaces of the contacting solids are studied both in the atomic or molecularly clean state and in the presence of selected surface contaminants.

Buckley, D. H.↗
DOE OSTI2025

Investigation of Corrosion Behavior of Carbide Phase Strengthened Nickel‐Based Alloy in Molten Fluoride Salt

The corrosion behavior of a high creep strength carbide-phase strengthened Ni-based alloy in molten FLiNaK (LiF-NaF-KF: 46.5-11.5-42 mol%) salt in the temperature range of 700°C–750°C has been investigated as a part of the development of structural alloys for fluoride salt-based molten salt reactors (MSRs). The alloy composition was designed based on Hastelloy-N, but with the goal of improving creep strength. Cr depletion depth, a measure of corrosion, was observed to be single micrometers after several hundred hours of corrosion testing. Sequential corrosion testing involving testing of pre-tested samples in fresh salt coupled with SEM-EDS, scanning transmission electron microscopy (STEM) examinations and thermodynamic and kinetic modeling, suggest that the corrosion rate at the alloy-salt interface is governed by diffusion of elements from the alloy bulk to the surface. The carbide phases in the corrosion-tested sample microstructure were identified to be largely M 6 C-type Mo-rich carbides and MC-type mixed carbides. Atom probe tomography (APT) showed some partitioning of Cr and Ti to the carbide phase and showed the carbide phases to be stable at the salt-facing surface.

Gordon, Ryan [Univ. of Wisconsin, Madison, WI (Uni↗