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Search indexed NASA NTRS and DOE OSTI research on propulsion, heat transfer, battery materials and energy systems. Follow report and document links to the original sources.

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All sourcesNASA NTRSDOE OSTI
DOE OSTI2026

Distribution System Plan Template and Guide for Electric Utilities for Adaptation by States and Utilities [Slides]

LBNL researchers developed a template and companion guide for structuring distribution system plans. The template covers 10 key sections in utility distribution system plans and underlying topics: -Executive Summary -Planning Objectives -Current Distribution System -Planning Approach -Asst Management, Reliability and Resilience -O&M Expenses -Capacity Expansion Planning -Solution Identification -Cost-effectiveness -Implementation For each section in the template, the companion guide provides: a description of the topics covered and their importance; the type of content to include in the plan; an example utility approach; and references to other utility plans that serve as models for the topic.

24 POWER TRANSMISSION AND DISTRIBUTION↗
DOE OSTI2026

Municipal Fleet Action Plan Guide

This action plan template and guide have been designed to support light-duty or medium-duty municipal fleet managers as they plan to adopt electric vehicles. The resource is an adaptation of content created by the National Laboratory of the Rockies (NLR), with support from World Resources Institute (WRI), for participants in the U.S. Department of Energy's Energy to Communities peer-learning cohort, Charting a Path to Municipal Fleet Electrification. Fifteen participating municipalities joined monthly cohort workshops from July through December 2024 to learn and plan for their own fleet electrification. Clean Cities and Communities coalitions supported participating municipalities throughout the cohort series by conducting fleet analysis and planning activities on their behalf. This template is an adapted version of cohort activities.

29 ENERGY PLANNING, POLICY, AND ECONOMY↗
DOE OSTI2025

Efficiency Project Playbook

This efficiency project playbook is intended to assist those developing efficiency improvement projects with tools and templates to simply prepare plans that can be communicated to and approved by leadership. Not all templates are needed for all projects.

99 GENERAL AND MISCELLANEOUS↗
DOE OSTI2025

Utility Energy Service Contract Guide

This guide serves as a key resource for acquisition teams developing utility energy service contracts (UESC) with an emphasis on using a task order to acquire energy management services under a General Services Administration areawide contract. The guide features a compilation of templates to assist your efforts from acquisition planning through awarding a task order for design and installation.

Cali, Peter [National Renewable Energy Laboratory ↗
DOE OSTI2026

Heat load measurements for the PIP-II pHB650 cryomodule

Phase-3 testing of the pHB650 cryomodule at the PIP-II Injector Test Facility was conducted to evaluate the effectiveness of heat load mitigations performed after earlier phases of testing and to continue pinpointing any sources of unexpectedly high heat loads.. The programme measured HTTS, LTTS, and 2 K isothermal/non-isothermal loads under "standard", "linac", and "simulated dynamic" operating modes, recording data both inside the cryomodule and across the bayonet can circuits. Thermal-acoustic oscillations were eliminated by replacing the original G10 cooldown-valve stem with a stainless-steel stem fitted with wipers. A newly developed Python script automated acquisition of ACNET data, performed real-time heat-load calculations, and generated plots and tables that were posted to the electronic logbook within minutes, vastly reducing manual effort and accelerating feedback between SRF and cryogenics teams. Analysis showed that JT heat-exchanger effectiveness and temperature stratification in the two-phase and relief piping strongly influence the observed loads and helped isolate sources of excess heat. The campaign demonstrates that rigorous pre-test planning, real-time diagnostics, and automated reporting can improve both accuracy and efficiency, providing a template for future PIP-II cryomodule tests and for implementing targeted heat-load mitigations.

Porwisiak, D. [Fermilab; Wroclaw Tech. U.] (ORCID:↗
DOE OSTI2025

ROSE Castor

ROSE Castor is a tool enabling automated verification of C++, built off of the ROSE compiler framework and the Why3 framework. Castor defines a verification language for providing specifications of C++ code, letting users perform automated functional formal verification of their C++ code. Castor is designed to target C++17, and supports a subset of the language, including classes, functions, templates, integers and booleans, pointers and references, and single inheritance. Castor currently does not support multiple or virtual inheritance, virtual functions, floating-point, threading, lambda functions, or the C++ STL, though some of these are planned in future updates. Castor ships with an in-house parser for parsing verification conditions.

Lane, PhillipA [Lawrence Livermore National Labora↗
DOE OSTI2026

Principles and Options for Designing Battery Energy Storage Zoning Ordinances

Deployment of battery energy storage (BESS) systems, both standalone and as part of hybrid systems paired with generation, has rapidly increased in the United States in recent years as utilities and communities have deployed storage to improve electric grid reliability and act as a cost-effective alternative to larger grid infrastructure. The modular nature of BESS technologies means systems may be built near other existing land uses, creating the potential for conflicts with neighboring landowners that can be managed and mitigated through zoning and permitting requirements established by local jurisdictions. While many cities and counties have adopted ordinances specific to BESS into their local zoning codes, these ordinances vary significantly in their requirements and level of detail. Meanwhile, many other jurisdictions, including those home to proposed or existing BESS projects, lack any specific language related to BESS in their zoning codes. Local planning and zoning officials have limited capacity and may lack the familiarity with BESS technologies needed to develop ordinances or otherwise make reasonable zoning decisions that balance safety, community impacts, and other goals. The resulting uncertainty at the local zoning level has led developers to withdraw projects in some areas and has spurred moratoria or bans on energy storage projects in others. This report intends to provide practical resources for practitioners interested in reasonable and effective local regulation of battery energy storage. It does not present a model zoning ordinance, but rather is intended to complement model ordinances developed by others by providing additional context and analysis regarding the structure of energy storage zoning ordinances and the decision points for local officials. Zoning ordinances at the city, town, and county level across the U.S. were surveyed alongside two template model ordinances to identify common elements and options for regulating the zoning and siting of BESS. Common elements identified and analyzed include definitions and general requirements, including cutoffs or tiers used to apply regulations to different system sizes and the permitted zones where jurisdictions allow BESS to be sited; visual, noise, and aesthetic requirements, including property line setbacks, fencing and visual screening, noise, and lighting requirements; and safety and planning requirements, such as site plans, decommissioning plans or funds, and requirements for access by emergency services. The report also summarizes some of the more unique regulations, including those that place additional restrictions on BESS at the local level.

25 ENERGY STORAGE↗
DOE OSTI2025

Carbon Utilization and Storage Partnership of the Western United States

This technical report documents research conducted under DOE Award No. DE-FE0031837 focused on evaluating the feasibility of carbon capture, utilization, and storage (CCUS) systems in the central and western United States. The project integrated geologic characterization, reservoir simulation, infrastructure modeling, and economic analysis to assess CO₂ storage potential near industrial sources and develop strategies for transport and sequestration. The work included subsurface modeling, risk assessment, monitoring and verification (MRV) planning, and evaluation of regulatory pathways such as EPA Underground Injection Control (UIC) Class VI permitting and IRS 45Q tax credit eligibility. Results demonstrate the viability of multiple storage approaches, including saline formations, enhanced coalbed methane recovery, and basalt mineralization, supported by data-driven workflows and regional analyses. The project also produced permitting templates, technology transfer activities, and stakeholder engagement efforts to support deployment readiness. These findings contribute to the development of scalable, economically viable CCUS systems and provide a repeatable framework for future carbon management projects.

20 FOSSIL-FUELED POWER PLANTS↗
DOE OSTI2025

Leveraging large language models to automate the identification of healthcare access barriers for veterans

Objective: To develop and evaluate an automated system for identifying healthcare barriers focusing on transportation issues in veterans’ clinical notes using large language models (LLMs) and to assess the impact of different prompting strategies on classification performance and explanation consistency. Methods: We developed a hybrid system combining pattern matching for templated notes with LLM analysis for free-text notes. Using 2000 manually annotated clinical notes, we compared four prompting strategies (dual-role short, dual-role long, analysis-first, analysis-only) across Mistral-7B and Llama-3.1 models. We evaluated classification performance using standard metrics and assessed explanation consistency through embedding similarity analysis. Results: The analysis-first strategy achieved superior performance, with Mistral-7B reaching an F1 score of 0.914, outperforming traditional machine learning approaches (GBM: 0.786, BERT: 0.811). LLMs demonstrated higher explanation consistency within models (mean cosine similarity 0.887–0.908) compared to cross-model similarities (0.767–0.872). Pattern matching successfully handled 6.7% of templated notes deterministically. Mistral-7B showed greater internal consistency but higher abstention rates compared to Llama-3.1. Conclusion: Requiring LLMs to analyze evidence before classification improves both accuracy and explanation consistency for identifying transportation barriers in clinical notes. This approach enables automated barrier detection at scale while providing clinically relevant explanations, supporting both population-level healthcare planning and individual patient care decisions.

Healthcare access barriers↗
DOE OSTI2025

RTN-011: Rubin Observatory Plans for an Early Science Program

This document outlines Rubin Observatory's plans for a dedicated \emph{Early Science Program} to enable high-impact science prior to the first annual data release of the Legacy Survey of Space and Time (LSST). Components of the Early Science Program include releasing science-grade commissioning data products via a series of ``Data Previews,'' ramping up of the transient alert stream during commissioning, implementing a program of incremental template generation to augment alert production in the early phases of the survey, and the first LSST Data Release, DR1, based on the first 6 months of data from the LSST. A detailed breakdown of which data products can be expected when is provided. The Rubin Operations team is working closely with the science community to optimize the Early Science Program for the time-domain and solar system science achievable in the first year of operations. This is a living document; both it and the Early Science Program will continue to evolve over the course of commissioning and pre-operations in response to the state of the as-built system and to community guidance.

79 ASTRONOMY AND ASTROPHYSICS↗
DOE OSTI2025

CMB-S4: Foreground-cleaning Pipeline Comparison for Measuring Primordial Gravitational Waves

We compare multiple foreground-cleaning pipelines for estimating the tensor-to-scalar ratio, r, using simulated maps of the planned CMB-S4 experiment within the context of the South Pole Deep Patch. To evaluate robustness, we analyze bias and uncertainty on r across various foreground suites using map-based simulations. The foreground-cleaning methods include: a parametric maximum likelihood approach applied to auto- and cross-power spectra between frequency maps; a map-based parametric maximum-likelihood method; and a harmonic-space internal linear combination using frequency maps. We summarize the conceptual basis of each method to highlight their similarities and differences. To better probe the impact of foreground residuals, we implement an iterative internal delensing step, leveraging a map-based pipeline to generate a lensing B-mode template from the large aperture telescope frequency maps. Our results show that the performance of the three approaches is comparable for simple and intermediate-complexity foregrounds, with σ(r) ranging from 3–5 ×10 −4 . However, biases at the 1σ–2σ level appear when analyzing more complex forms of foreground emission. By extending the baseline pipelines to marginalize over foreground residuals, we demonstrate that contamination can be reduced to within statistical uncertainties, albeit with a pipeline-dependent impact on σ(r), which translates to a detection significance between 2σ and 4σ for an input value of r = 0.003. These findings suggest varying levels of maturity among the tested pipelines, with the auto- and cross-spectra-based approach demonstrating the best stability and overall performance. Moreover, given the extremely low noise levels, mutual validation of independent foreground-cleaning pipelines is essential to ensure the robustness of any potential detection.

astronomy data analysis↗
DOE OSTI2025

Integrated Methane Monitoring Platform Extension, Volume I: Final Technical Report

The IMMPE project, DE-FE0032284, was to enhance methane monitoring technologies and their applications across various natural gas asset classes. The scope included deploying advanced methane detection and monitoring technologies to identify and mitigate fugitive methane emissions, measuring emission rates, and assessing impacts. The findings included the successful mitigation of identified emissions and quantification of emission rates. A key outcome was the development of a comprehensive template and summary of recommendations for methane emissions monitoring, which is replicable for both upstream and downstream applications. Furthermore, the project emphasized the importance of education by providing training opportunities for technicians and regulators, thereby fostering awareness and promoting the adoption of cost-effective methane emissions monitoring and management techniques.

02 PETROLEUM↗
DOE OSTI2026

Biasing from galaxy trough and peak profiles with the DES Y3 redMaGiC galaxies and the weak lensing mass map

We measure the correspondence between the distribution of galaxies and matter around troughs and peaks in the projected galaxy density, by comparing redMaGiC galaxies (0.15 < z < 0.65) to weak lensing mass maps from the Dark Energy Survey (DES) Y3 data release. We obtain stacked profiles, as a function of angle θ, of the galaxy density contrast δ g and the weak lensing convergence κ, in the vicinity of these identified troughs and peaks, referred to as ‘void’ and ‘cluster’ superstructures. The ratio of the profiles depend mildly on θ, indicating good consistency between the profile shapes. We model the amplitude of this ratio using a function $F(\boldsymbol{\eta }, \theta )$ that depends on cosmological parameters $\boldsymbol{\eta }$, scaled by the galaxy bias. We construct templates of $F(\boldsymbol{\eta }, \theta )$ using a suite of N-body (‘Gower Street’) simulations forward-modelled with DES Y3-like noise and systematics. We discuss and quantify the caveats of using a linear bias model to create galaxy maps from the simulation dark matter shells. We measure the galaxy bias in three lens tomographic bins (near to far): $2.32^{+0.86}_{-0.27}, 2.18^{+0.86}_{-0.23}, 1.86^{+0.82}_{-0.23}$ for voids, and $2.46^{+0.73}_{-0.27}, 3.55^{+0.96}_{-0.55}, 4.27^{+0.36}_{-1.14}$ for clusters, assuming the best-fit Planck cosmology. Similar values with ∼0.1σ shifts are obtained assuming the mean DES Y3 cosmology. The biases from troughs and peaks are broadly consistent, although a larger bias is derived for peaks, which is also larger than those measured from the DES Y3 3 × 2-point analysis. This method shows an interesting avenue for measuring field-level bias that can be applied to future lensing surveys.

cosmology: observations↗