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The multidisciplinary/regional resource surveys summary is presented in four parts: land use, geologic interpretation, resource survey, and pollution monitoring. Significant results derived from ERTS-1 imagery and data for these four disciplines are briefly reviewed and summarized.
Earth resources remote sensing from spacecraft noting meteorology, oceanography, forestry, agriculture and IR detection of plant diseases and pollution
Wildland vegetation resource inventories under Earth Resources Survey Program
NASA Earth Resources Survey Program as basis for future earth survey system combining spaceborne, airborne and ground observations
The author has identified the following significant results. An experimental procedure has been devised and is being tested for natural resource surveys to cope with the problems of interpreting and processing the large quantities of data provided by Skylab and ERTS. Some basic aspects of orbital imagery such as scale, the role of repetitive coverage, and types of sensors are being examined in relation to integrated surveys of natural resources and regional development planning. Extrapolation away from known ground conditions, a fundamental technique for mapping resources, becomes very effective when used on orbital imagery supported by field mapping. Meaningful boundary delimitations can be made on orbital images using various image enhancement techniques. To meet the needs of many developing countries, this investigation into the use of satellite imagery for integrated resource surveys involves the analysis of the images by means of standard visual photointerpretation methods.
From February through September 2017, Cultural Resource Analysts, Inc. personnel completed a historic architectural resource survey of the Oak Ridge National Laboratory in Roane and Anderson Counties, Tennessee. The survey was completed at the request of UT-Battelle, LLC, the private not-for-profit company that manages and operates Oak Ridge National Laboratory for the U.S. Department of Energy. The purpose of the survey was to assist the Department of Energy in complying with the National Historic Preservation Act of 1966, as amended, by providing updated recommendations regarding the National Register of Historic Places eligibility of historic architectural resources at Oak Ridge National Laboratory. The survey included the entirety of Oak Ridge National Laboratory’s main campus that occupies approximately 1,100 acres in Bethel and Melton Valleys and on Chestnut Ridge. Based on Facilities Information Management System data and guidance provided by UT-Battelle, LLC, preservation and modernization staff, the survey team developed a list of resources for inclusion in the survey. The list included all substantial buildings constructed in or before 1980 in order to provide sufficient coverage of buildings that will turn 50 years of age within the next decade. Only those buildings with recorded area over 100 sq ft were included in the survey. Additionally, the UT-Battelle team identified 15 buildings for more intensive survey because such buildings are central to Oak Ridge National Laboratory’s future mission needs and are expected to undergo renovations in the foreseeable future. These building were subject to both exterior and interior documentation with particular focus on identifying character-defining features, and thus were subject to more detailed analysis than the other resources included in the survey. The findings of this historic resource survey build on the conclusions of the 1994 survey by DuVall & Associates, Inc., as well as the survey updates completed by Thomason and Associates in 2004 and 2015 in support of the Oak Ridge National Laboratory Historic Preservation Plan. Within 12 distinct areas of Oak Ridge National Laboratory, as well as outlying areas, the survey recorded 195 buildings and structures constructed in or before 1980. In consideration of the role and significance of each area and each individual resource within the context of Oak Ridge National Laboratory, and in light of their current integrity and condition, each recorded resource was evaluated to determine if it is eligible for listing in the National Register of Historic Places.
Earth resources survey and remote sensing techniques under development at GSFC are reviewed. Emphasis is focussed primarily on: (1) definition and demonstration of remote sensing techniques which lead to the measurements of physical quantities from which earth resources related parameters can be determined; (2) development of sensors, spacecraft, and on-board as well as ground based data management systems; (3) determination of earth resources related parameters from the remote sensing observations and measurements; and (4) applications of earth observations to resource management.
Photographic applications of NASA Earth Resources Survey Program
Land resources survey for Michigan using ERTS-1 data
Meteorological and geodetic satellite networks for earth resources survey
Remote air- and/or spaceborne sensing instruments for resource surveys, transportation networks and agricultural planning applications
Current program and considerations of future earth resources survey
Design of operational earth resources survey system
Some results are presented of Earth Resources Survey Program studies conducted on: (1) Defining and developing methods of suppressing system noise and cloud contamination in satellite measurements of infrared window radiation. (2) Relating sea surface temperature patterns in the Gulf Stream and Gulf of Mexico to associated thermal front structure with aid of infrared data from Nimbus or ITOS. (3) Testing the feasibility of mapping sea surface roughness and low level wind speed over tropical oceans by means of ATS imagery in sun glitter zones. (4) Microwave radiometer measurements from aircraft and their usefulness and limitations for all-weather mapping of surface roughness, sea ice conditions, and possible surface temperature. (5) Evaluation of scanning radiometer data from ITOS for purposes of mapping snow and ice conditions.
In May 2022, Cultural Resource Analysts, Inc., completed a historic architectural resource survey of buildings associated with the Dosimetry Applications Research Facility at the Oak Ridge National Laboratory. The laboratory is one of three Department of Energy facilities located on the Oak Ridge Reservation in Roane and Anderson Counties, Tennessee. The Dosimetry Applications Research Facility is located approximately 2 mi southeast of the main Oak Ridge National Laboratory campus. The survey included Buildings 7709, 7710, and 7712, which date to the 1960s. An additional DOSAR building (Building 7735) dates to the late 1980s and was not surveyed since it is outside the period of significance. The survey was conducted at the request of UT-Battelle, LLC, on behalf of the Department of Energy. As stipulated by the National Historic Preservation Act of 1966, as amended, the Department of Energy is required to identify any properties under its jurisdiction that are included in or eligible for inclusion in the National Register of Historic Places. In order to identify historic properties at the Oak Ridge National Laboratory, in 2017–2018 Cultural Resource Analysts, Inc., conducted a survey of the main campus as well as outlying facilities, publishing the findings in a 2018 report entitled Oak Ridge National Laboratory Historic Architectural Resource Survey. At the time of the 2017–2018 survey, buildings associated with the Dosimetry Applications Research Facility were not accessible for security reasons and the current report serves as an addendum to the 2018 report. In addition, the current survey incorporates information included in a documentation report on Building 7709 completed in 2019. The properties included in the current survey were also evaluated for their collective potential as a historic district. The identification of archaeological properties that are eligible for inclusion in the National Register of Historic Places is beyond the scope of this report. Cultural Resource Analysts, Inc., recommends that none of the buildings surveyed for the current report are individually eligible for listing in the National Register of Historic Places. However, the collective of buildings represents a facility that made notable contributions to the Oak Ridge National Laboratory’s scientific research endeavors from the 1960s to the 1980s, specifically in the field of Health Physics. The buildings and their associated features have also maintained their integrity of setting, materials, design, location, and association. Therefore, Cultural Resource Analysts, Inc., proposes the Dosimetry Applications Research Facility Historic District, which is recommended eligible for listing under Criterion A. The three buildings addressed in the current survey (Buildings 7709, 7710, and 7712) are recommended eligible as contributing resources of the historic district. The district boundary is scribed to incorporate the environs of these three facilities, as well as additional relevant features.
Conference papers for technical session of the water resources and management are summarized. Summaries cover land use, flood control and prediction, watersheds and the effects of snow melt, soil moisture content, and the usefulness of satellite remote sensors in detecting ground and surface water.
ERTS data affords a unique opportunity to perform urgently needed resource surveys and land use planning at a critical juncture in the history of Alaska's social and economic development. The available facilities for photographic, optical and digital processing of ERTS data are described, along with the interpretive techniques which have been developed. Examples of the applications of these facilities and techniques are given for three environmental disciplines: vegetation mapping for potential archeological sites; marine and sea ice surveys on the Alaskan continental shelf for the determination of surface circulation and sedimentation patterns and their effects on navigation, pollution assessment, fisheries, location of habors and construction of off-shore structures; snow surveys for inventories of water resources and flood potential in Alaska watersheds.
Potentials for agricultural resource surveys by remote sensing