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The Carbon Storage Site Mapping Inquiry Tool (MapIT) is an online web mapping tool designed to help users discover available public-sourced data to facilitate data exploration in support of Underground Injection Control (UIC) Program Class VI Well Site permitting for the geologic sequestration of carbon dioxide.
To date, 48 projects, consisting of 139 wells, are currently under review with the Environmental Protection Agency’s (EPA) Underground Injection Control (UIC) Program for Class VI – wells used for geologic sequestration of carbon dioxide. The number of applications submitted is expected to increase in coming years with the increase of the 45Q tax credit available to projects that initiate construction prior to 2033. The amount of data collected to submit a Class VI permit is vast, and often disparate, coming from state, federal, and commercial entities, as well as field-specific data collected within an area of interest. When preparing for site selection and permitting, the initial aggregation of relevant public data can be time intensive. The Carbon Storage Site Mapping Inquiry tool (MapIT) was created to support and accelerate the discovery and accessibility of open-source data and information available across the USA. Data was aggregated and organized based on data types described within the EPA UIC Class VI permit documentation. The online tool enables users to explore hundreds of geospatial data layers and connect to additional external resources, leveraging API and REST services where possible to ensure updates to data in real time. MapIT enables users to explore state and federal data related to geologic, geophysical, structural, hydrologic, and contextual information. In addition to displaying spatial data and linking to external resources, MapIT leverages custom widgets to ensure that internal data and external data are discoverable and accessible. The widgets connect users to resources such as the USGS publications and the USGS Earthquake Catalog based on a user-defined location. This talk will describe data aggregation workflows, data types, data preparation, and tool development for MapIT. The Carbon Storage Site Mapping Inquiry Tool and underlying database are valuable, intuitive resources that empower government, academic, commercial and industry stakeholders to explore, analyze, and acquire carbon storage related data.
The Escherichia coli CheY protein belongs to a large bacterial response regulator superfamily. X-ray hydroxy radical foot-printing with mass spectroscopy (XFMS) has shown that allosteric activation of CheY by its motor target triggers a concerted internalization of aromatic sidechains. We reanalyzed the XFMS data to compare polar versus non-polar CheY residue positions. The polar residues around and including the 57D phosphorylated site had an elevated hydroxy radical reactivity. Bioinformatic measures revealed that a water-mediated hydrogen bond network connected this ring of residues with the central 57D. These residues solvated 57D to energetically stabilize the apo-CheY fold. The abundance of these reactive residues was reduced upon activation. This result was supported by the bioinformatics and consistent with the previously reported activation-induced increase in core hydrophobicity. It further illustrated XFMS detection of structural waters. Direct contacts between the ring residues and the phosphorylation site would stabilize the aspartyl phosphate. In addition, we report that the ring residue, 18R, is a constant central node in the 57D solvation network and that 18R non-polar substitutions determine CheY diversity as assessed by its evolutionary trace in bacteria with well-studied chemotaxis. These results showcase the importance of structured water dynamics for phosphorylation-mediated signal transduction.
Abstract The demands of a sustainable chemical industry are a driving force for the development of heterogeneous catalytic platforms exhibiting facile catalyst recovery, recycling, and resilience to diverse reaction conditions. Homogeneous‐to‐heterogeneous catalyst transitions can be realized through the integration of efficient homogeneous catalysts within porous matrices. Herein, we offer a versatile approach to understanding how guest distribution and evolution impact the catalytic performance of heterogeneous host–guest catalytic platforms by implementing the resonance energy transfer (RET) concept using fluorescent model systems mimicking the steric constraints of targeted catalysts. Using the RET‐based methodology, we mapped condition‐dependent guest (re)distribution within a porous support on the example of modular matrices such as metal–organic frameworks (MOFs). Furthermore, we correlate RET results performed on the model systems with the catalytic performance of two MOF‐encapsulated catalysts used to promote CO 2 hydrogenation and ring‐closing metathesis. Guests are incorporated using aperture‐opening encapsulation, and catalyst redistribution is not observed under practical reaction conditions, showcasing a pathway to advance catalyst recyclability in the case of host–guest platforms. These studies represent the first generalizable approach for mapping the guest distribution in heterogeneous host–guest catalytic systems, providing a foundation for predicting and tailoring the performance of catalysts integrated into various porous supports.
Abstract The demands of a sustainable chemical industry are a driving force for the development of heterogeneous catalytic platforms exhibiting facile catalyst recovery, recycling, and resilience to diverse reaction conditions. Homogeneous‐to‐heterogeneous catalyst transitions can be realized through the integration of efficient homogeneous catalysts within porous matrices. Herein, we offer a versatile approach to understanding how guest distribution and evolution impact the catalytic performance of heterogeneous host–guest catalytic platforms by implementing the resonance energy transfer (RET) concept using fluorescent model systems mimicking the steric constraints of targeted catalysts. Using the RET‐based methodology, we mapped condition‐dependent guest (re)distribution within a porous support on the example of modular matrices such as metal–organic frameworks (MOFs). Furthermore, we correlate RET results performed on the model systems with the catalytic performance of two MOF‐encapsulated catalysts used to promote CO 2 hydrogenation and ring‐closing metathesis. Guests are incorporated using aperture‐opening encapsulation, and catalyst redistribution is not observed under practical reaction conditions, showcasing a pathway to advance catalyst recyclability in the case of host–guest platforms. These studies represent the first generalizable approach for mapping the guest distribution in heterogeneous host–guest catalytic systems, providing a foundation for predicting and tailoring the performance of catalysts integrated into various porous supports.
The Sandia National Laboratories, California (SNL/CA) site comprises approximately 410 acres and is located in the eastern portion of Livermore, Alameda County, California. The property is owned by the United States Department of Energy and is being managed and operated by National Technology & Engineering Solutions of Sandia, LLC. The facility location is shown on the Site Map(s) in Appendix A. This Stormwater Pollution Prevention Plan (SWPPP) is designed to comply with California’s General Permit for Stormwater Discharges Associated with Industrial Activities (General Permit) Order No. 2015-0122-DWQ (NPDES No. CAS000001) issued by the State Water Resources Control Board (State Water Board) (Ref. 6.1). This SWPPP has been prepared following the SWPPP Template provided on the California Stormwater Quality Association Stormwater Best Management Practice Handbook Portal: Industrial and Commercial (CASQA 2014). In accordance with the General Permit, Section X.A, this SWPPP contains the following required elements: Facility Name and Contact Information; Site Map; List of Significant Industrial Materials; Description of Potential Pollution Sources; Assessment of Potential Pollutant Sources; Minimum BMPs; Advanced BMPs, if applicable; Monitoring Implementation Plan (MIP); Annual Comprehensive Facility Compliance Evaluation (Annual Evaluation); and, Date that SWPPP was Initially Prepared and the Date of Each SWPPP Amendment, if Applicable.
Abstract not provided.
Abstract not provided.
The Energy Storage - Fossil Energy (ES-FE) Dataset Explorer tool allows the user to take a deep dive into existing energy storage plant sites mapped to fossil generation sites. The tool also allows users to explore proposed energy storage sites. The explorer creates a dataset of all proposed and existing energy storage plant sites giving the user the ability to inspect various attributes of generation plants and storage plants, including but not limited to generating capacity, generating technology, and storage capacity.
In 2002 and 2003 a collaborative effort was undertaken between Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Sandia National Laboratories, the USGS Menlo Park, the USGS Hawaiian Volcano Observatory, and Electromagnetic Instruments Inc. to study the Kilauea volcano in Hawaii using the magnetotelluric (MT) technique. The work was motivated by a desire to improve understanding of the magma reservoirs and conduits within Kilauea and the East and Southwest Rift zones, which has implications for understanding Kilaueas plumbing system. An improved understanding of the rift zones has implications in understanding large-scale landslides that are generated in the Hilina Slump, which produce significant impacts on coastal communities. Up to eight stations operated simultaneously, with multiple remote reference sites, and data were processed using multi-station robust processing techniques. In total, data were acquired at 70 sites over the Southwest and East rift zones. Good to excellent quality data were obtained even in the harshest conditions, such as those encountered on the fresh lava flows of the East Rift Zone (ERZ), where electrical contact resistances are on the order of 100 kOhm. This data supports the continuing efforts to increase geothermal power on the island of Hawaii. Each of the 70 EDI files are the MT impedance tensors for 1 site. There is also a description of the processing of the data and a site map showing the locations of each site.
Public streetlight charging, whether on streets in central business districts or residential areas, provides easy charging access for apartment residents and homeowners alike. While most electric vehicle (EV) drivers charge at home, they do so in garages or on driveways they own. For renters and residents of multifamily housing (MFH), however, this may not be an option. EVs have a lower cost of ownership compared to conventional vehicles, and a used EV may be an affordable option for a lower-income household. But without easy access to charging, even a low-cost used EV may not be an option for a prospective buyer. An affordable curbside charging network has the potential to expand EV adoption into neighborhoods that have to date seen minimal interest and uptake of the technology and associated charging infrastructure. Streetlight charging networks can provide an economical, scalable, and effective approach to providing equitable and convenient charging. Metropolitan Energy Center (MEC) is dedicated to the mission of creating resource efficiency, environmental health, and economic vitality in the Kansas City region and beyond. Since 1983, MEC has provided resources, outreach, and training to make alternative fuels and energy efficiency commonplace. MEC led a streetlight charging pilot project that installed limited EV charging infrastructure on the streetlight system in Kansas City, Missouri, to demonstrate and test the benefits of curbside charging for EVs at existing on-street parking locations. The project aimed to cost-effectively expand the charging network in Kansas City to support residential charging and provide infrastructure in one or more charging deserts throughout the city. This pilot evaluates the impact and overall success of streetlight charging based on community feedback, utilization of charging infrastructure, technical feasibility, and cost. The project has pursued a data- and community-driven site selection process designed to identify sites with high demand and high opportunity for EV charging. This project was funded by the U.S. Department of Energy (DOE) and awarded to MEC through a competitive proposal process. The novelty and complexity of this project required an organization that could facilitate collaboration across levels of government, community members, and industry partners. For the past 25 years, through Kansas City Regional Clean Cities, MEC has worked with numerous public and private fleets on a variety of projects to improve the environmental performance and efficiency of the regional vehicle fleet. To advance affordable, efficient, and clean transportation efforts, DOE Clean Cities and Communities coalitions create local networks of public and private sector stakeholders and engage communities. Rooted within their local communities, the coalitions serve as experts and ambassadors, bringing to bear the collective knowledge, experience, and practical know-how of the entire network from within DOE, its national laboratories, and diverse stakeholders in the field. MEC and its project partners made in-kind contributions to leverage federal dollars for the benefit of the Kansas City community. Findings from this project will help determine the best applications for streetlight charging technologies to maximize funding impact and serve community needs. The team evaluated locations based on expected charging demand, technical feasibility, safety considerations, and enhanced charging network siting needs. Throughout the project, the team gathered feedback and evaluated ways to make public charging for EVs available to all community members. The insights will help Kansas City and other communities streamline future efforts to support EV drivers through public charging in the city right-of-way. Furthermore, this project will inform citywide guidance for future installations. MEC is committed to a transparent and publicly accessible approach that encourages the collaborative evaluation of streetlight charging. The project has engaged the community to proactively identify and evaluate the benefits and impacts of streetlight charging. It was a priority for the project to ensure the benefits of this pilot are distributed equitably to all members of the Kansas City community and that new charging opportunities and associated resources are available in diverse neighborhoods across the city. The charging infrastructure supports an affordable curbside charging network that will enable more drivers to choose EVs and provide easy charging access for all community members interested in driving an EV. The community feedback received through this project informed future resources and opportunities to make EVs more accessible to all members of the Kansas City community. MEC worked with several community partners on this project, including Missouri University of Science and Technology (MST), Pennsylvania State University (Penn State), the National Renewable Energy Laboratory (NREL); the city of Kansas City, Missouri; Evergy; Black and McDonald (B&M); LilyPad EV; EVNoire; and Westside Housing Organization (WHO). Project partners contributed to the cost match required for DOE grants through capital expenditures, personnel, and other in-kind contributions. Detailed descriptions of project team organizations can be found in Appendix A. Project Partners. Analysts at NREL and MST/PennState developed site maps based on demand and equity considerations. MEC conducted outreach to community members to garner input on project design and site selection, and received approval from the Missouri Public Service Commission (PSC) for Evergy’s EV charging station ownership. MEC worked with all partners to gather additional siting criteria and developed a site selection evaluation checklist, and partners conducted site visits to proposed installation sites. Next, B&M, Evergy, and the city executed all site agreements, conducted site-specific engineering design, acquired associated permits, and issued notices to proceed site by site or in small batches. Finally, from January to April 2023, the project team installed 23 EV charging stations built on Kansas City’s streetlight system in six council districts. Evergy will own, operate, and monitor the stations for 10 years, sharing charging data with MEC for at least 1 year.
Daily averages of soil temperature and moisture measured once every hour at different heights located at Intensive Monitoring Stations within the Kougarok Fire Complex, Kougarok Road Mile Marker 86 site. Data were retrieved annually from 2019-2023. Package contains 21 *.CSV data files plus a file level metadata *.CSV, data dictionary *.CSV, data file inventory *.CSV, and sensor location site map *.JPG. Data files have header rows, NaN fields indicate invalid or missing data, and negative vertical offsets are above ground.The Kougarok tundra fire complex (KFC) is located north of Nome and the Kigluaik Mountains, near Quartz Creek and the Kougarok River. The site is accessed by foot from the end of the Nome-Taylor Highway (mile marker 86; also called the Kougarok or Beam Road). The KFC burned in six major fires in the decades since 1950 (Alaska Interagency Coordination Center, unpublished data). Lightning ignited five of these fires (1971, 1997, 2015, and 2019) and one was human caused (2002). The mosaic of overlapping fire scars allows for the study of repeat fires in the tundra which, until recently, was not a common phenomenon outside the boreal forest in Alaska. Our reference unburned tundra fire site is south of the KFC located at mile marker 80 of the Nome-Taylor Highway.The two most recent fires are the Mingvk Lake (2015; 21,698 acres burned from 7/27/2015 to 9/28/2015) and Garfield Creek (2019; 422 acres burned from 7/31/2019 to 8/20/19). The Mingvk Lake fire scar includes areas that burned 1-4x (1971, 1997, 2002), while the entirety of the Garfield Creek fire scar has burned 2x previously (1971, 2002).Previous research at the KFC focused on permafrost (Liljedahl et al. 2007; Narita et al. 2015; Iwahana et al. 2016; Tsuyuzaki, Iwahana, and Saito 2017) and vegetation (Narita et al. 2015; Hollingsworth et al. 2021) response to fire. The central Seward Peninsula is characterized by continuous permafrost with a thickness of 15 to 30 m and a mean active layer thickness of 56 cm (Hinzman et al. 2003). Sloping hills with mixed shrub–tussock tundra and tussock tundra vegetation in the uplands are characteristic of the region. Three micrometeorological towers near the Kougarok field site recorded a mean annual temperature of −2.4°C, mean January temperature of −23.1°C, mean July temperature of +11°C, and mean summer rainfall (June–August) of 94 mm from 2000 to 2006 (Liljedahl et al. 2007).The Next-Generation Ecosystem Experiments: Arctic (NGEE Arctic), was a research effort to reduce uncertainty in Earth System Models by developing a predictive understanding of carbon-rich Arctic ecosystems and feedbacks to climate. NGEE Arctic was supported by the Department of Energy's Office of Biological and Environmental Research.The NGEE Arctic project had two field research sites: 1) located within the Arctic polygonal tundra coastal region on the Barrow Environmental Observatory (BEO) and the North Slope near Utqiagvik (Barrow), Alaska and 2) multiple areas on the discontinuous permafrost region of the Seward Peninsula north of Nome, Alaska.Through observations, experiments, and synthesis with existing datasets, NGEE Arctic provided an enhanced knowledge base for multi-scale modeling and contributed to improved process representation at global pan-Arctic scales within the Department of Energy's Earth system Model (the Energy Exascale Earth System Model, or E3SM), and specifically within the E3SM Land Model component (ELM).
Historically, Savannah River Nuclear Solutions LLC (SRNS) tracked environmental regulatory commitments and the requirements from hundreds of permits at the Savannah River Site (SRS) using several separate methods, making integrated compliance assurance cumbersome and labor-intensive. When SRNS experienced an increase in environmental issues in 2017, SRNS management and U.S. Department of Energy - Savannah River (DOE-SR) management decided a single, proactive approach was needed to capture environmental permit information (including regulations, Consent Orders, DOE Orders, and any other state or federally issued statement of requirements), track the tasks necessary to ensure compliance with these requirements, and thereby mitigate the risk of noncompliance. SRNS developed a list of mandatory objectives that the tool must meet to function as a Comprehensive Environmental Permits Linking Tool (CEPLT). A key requirement was the ability to map Site permits to their governed locations and display the associated requirements at the compliance point (e.g., outfall, stack, waste unit, etc.). Several options included modifying existing onsite resources, building a custom onsite solution, purchasing an off-the-shelf solution, and contracting an offsite developer to build a custom solution. SRNS concluded an off-the-shelf solution with configuration and customization options would provide the flexibility to fit the unique needs of Savannah River Site (SRS) while taking advantage of industry-tested software and providing a reduced deployment timeline. SRNS chose Gensuite{sup R} a, a cloud-based solution that offers numerous a la carte applications in the environmental, health, and safety arenas, as the best candidate. SRNS selected three (3) integrated applications (Compliance Calendar, Permit Manager, and Mapper) to function as the CEPLT. The Compliance Calendar module allows for creation and tracking of regulatory commitment tasks assigned to responsible environmental professionals. Permit Manager organizes permits and other requirement documents, linking the commitments in each to Compliance Calendar tasks and/or implementing procedures. Mapper provides GIS capability for mapping the data from the other two modules to their physical onsite locations. The CEPLT was configured to allow for other SRS Site Tenants to eventually utilize the applications. Additionally, DOE-SR uses the CEPLT to provide an overview of contractor environmental compliance activities and to organize DOE-specific documents and tasks. The CEPLT fulfilled the requirement of meeting current compliance needs as well as providing the ability to grow as new organizations are incorporated and functionality is expanded. SRNS now uses the CEPLT to more effectively manage permit requirements, improve knowledge transfer, and increase the Site's overall protection of the environment, the Site worker, and the public. Possible future uses of the system include integration of mobile applications for timely communication of potential non-compliant conditions and DOE complex-wide deployment allowing for enhanced DOE site and Head Quarters oversight. Implementation of CEPLT will result in cost savings, both in terms of dollars and man-hours. (authors)
The U.S. Department of Energy (DOE) Office of Environmental Management (EM) initiated the development of a customized, web-based mapping tool for communicating technical information on groundwater plumes at sites within the EM complex. Although the online tool was initially conceived to be a simple conversion of a paper report on contaminant plume sizes, remedial approaches, and regulatory status, it has advanced to providing specific information on cleanup status and site closure. The story maps provide robust geospatial visualization of plumes at DOE sites, as well as explanatory text, photographs, and video for an entire site, or for a management unit within the site. This collection of story maps is called TRAC (Tracking Restoration And Closure), and not only communicates information for each individual site, but also summarizes pertinent metrics on cleanup and remaining contaminants across all EM sites. TRAC is focused on communicating cleanup status, technical challenges, and needs for site closure, with a key challenge of transforming data into relevant, easily understood information. Although DOE managers are the target audience, the story maps can also be used to contribute to public understanding of groundwater cleanup progress at EM sites. Unlike the data access tools maintained at some EM sites (e.g., Hanford, Portsmouth, and Paducah), TRAC is neither a portal for data downloads, nor a tool for performing data analytics. Rather, the goal of TRAC is to provide relevant information on cleanup progress and closure that is consistent across all sites, allowing the user to view summary information across all sites, or examine information relevant to a particular site. This information sharing is needed to maintain open communications with interested parties and communicate efforts that ensure long-term protection of human health and the environment. (authors)
HIV-1 Rev mediates the nuclear export of unspliced and partially-spliced viral transcripts for the production of progeny genomes and structural proteins. In this process, four (or more) copies of Rev assemble onto a highly-structured 351-nt region in such viral transcripts, the Rev response element (RRE). How this occurs is not known. The Rev assembly domain has a helical-hairpin structure which associates through three (A-A, B-B and C-C) interfaces. The RRE has the topology of an upper-case letter A, with the two known Rev binding sites mapping onto the legs of the A. We have determined a crystal structure for the Rev assembly domain at 2.25 Å resolution, without resort to either mutations or chaperones. It shows that B-B dimers adopt an arrangement reversed relative to that previously reported, and join through a C-C interface to form tetramers. Here, the new subunit arrangement shows how four Rev molecules can assemble on the two sites on the RRE to form the specificity checkpoint, and how further copies add through A-A interactions. Residues at the C-C interface, specifically the Pro31-Trp45 axis, are a potential target for intervention.
The Mapping Inquiry Tool (MapIT) database consists of a geodatabase and data catalog of geologic, geophysical, structural, hydrologic, and contextual data, based on the data types to support geologic carbon storage activities and other subsurface energy systems resource assessments. The database was aggregated from publicly available data across the USA from state and federal entities. The database is structured by categories including rock unit geology, boundaries, national CS datasets, geophysical data, faults and structural data, infrastructure, surface hydrology, groundwater, and more. The data described in the data catalog is also available in the Mapping Inquiry Tool (https://edx.netl.doe.gov/dataset/mapping-inquiry-tool). Version 3 of the geodatabase and data catalog have been updated as of 5/17/2024. The database was published with a limited number of layers. The Catalog V3 contains many more resources than the geodatabase, documenting all layers that will be included in MapIT, and includes links to the original sources of the data. Within the catalog, in the final column, there is information about if the file is included in the geodatabase or not. Use the links provided in the catalog to download data directly from the original source if not included in the geodatabase. Four resources are included in this submission: 1. Geodatabase 2. ReadMe file 3. Catalog of data layers and additional data resources 4. Web link to a resource describing the motivation and reviewing the content of the geodatabase - DOE NETL Carbon Storage Site Mapping Inquiry Tool Database
Glycoproteins plays key roles in various cellular functions such as protein folding, protein targeting, receptor function, cell–cell recognition, protein stability, signaling, and other cellular functions. Currently a comprehensive and universal tool for the automated analysis of glycopeptides through their tandem mass spectrometry and data processing is a tedious process. We recently developed a method, Tool for Rapid Analysis of glycopeptide by Permethylation (TRAP), that simplifies glycoprotein analysis by integrating glycan sequencing and glycopeptide analysis in a single experiment. We employed this approach for the detailed analysis of glycosidic linkages, composition, glycan sequencing, glycosylation site mapping and sequencing of peptide moiety of glycopeptides of glycoproteins from both prokaryotes and eukaryotes. Here we are presenting an easy to use, robust, suitable for large as well as small sample sets and also cost‐effective glycoprotein analysis tool through TRAP approach. A permethylation protocol which can be automated and suitable for reliable permethylation of glycopeptides from the protease digest of glycoproteins was developed. Initial studies on glycopeptides from a model glycoprotein bovine RNAse B indicates that improved sensitivity and throughput of permethylation reactions can be achieved in conducting the reaction in microscale. This approach would enable convenient, rapid, and reliable high‐throughput screening of protein glycosylation and can be employed as a cost‐effective kit for glycosylated biomarker discoveries. In order to improvise the comprehensive glycosylation analysis and throughput, we have also developed an LC‐MS/MS platform for the analysis of glycopeptides processed through TRAP. We have conducted the analysis of standard glycoproteins such as bovine RNase B, human transferrin, and bovine fetuin and our preliminary results indicate that TRAP hyphened with LC‐MS/MS enables characterization of isomers of each glycoform at each glycosylation sites of complex glycoprotein mixtures. Support or Funding Information This research was supported by the National Institutes of Health (NIH) funded research, Grant R21GM122633; resource for biomedical glycomics, Grant P41GM103490; instrument grant, Grant S10OD018530; and U.S. Department of Energy grant, Grant DE‐SC0015662, to the Complex Carbohydrate Research Center. This abstract is from the Experimental Biology 2018 Meeting. There is no full text article associated with this abstract published in The FASEB Journal .
Cellulosic biofuels are an important source of renewable biomass within the alternative energy portfolio. Switchgrass (Panicum virgatum L.), a perennial C 4 grass native to North America, is widely studied as a biofuel feedstock for its consistently high yields and minimal input requirements. The influences of precipitation amount and temporal variability on the fertilizer response of switchgrass productivity are not fully understood. Moreover, global climate models predict changes in rainfall patterns towards lower and increasingly variable soil water availability in several productive areas worldwide, which may impact net primary production of biofuel crops. We conducted a meta-analysis of aboveground net primary production of switchgrass from 48 publications encompassing 82 different locations, 11 soil types, 52 switchgrass cultivars, fertilizer inputs between 0 to 896 kg N ha –1 year –1 , and 1 to 6 years of annual productivity measures repeated on the same stand. Productivity of the lowland ecotype doubled with N rates > 131 kg N ha –1 year –1 , but upland ecotype productivity increased only by 50%. Results showed an optimum N rate of 30 to 60 kg N ha –1 year –1 for both ecotypes, after which biomass gain per unit of N added decreased. Growing season precipitation (GSPPT) and inter-annual precipitation variability (inter-PPTvar) affected both ecotypes similarly. Long-term mean annual precipitation (MAP) differentially affected lowland and upland productivity, depending on the N level. Productivity responses to MAP and GSPPT were similar for both upland and lowland ecotypes at none or low N rates. When N increased beyond 60 kg N ha –1 year –1 , lowland cultivars had a greater growth response to MAP than uplands. Productivity increased with increasing GSPPT and MAP and had a positive linear response to MAP ranging from 600 to 1200 mm year –1 . One third of the variability in switchgrass production was accounted for by inter-PPTvar. After accounting for MAP, sites with higher inter-PPTvar had lower switchgrass productivity than sites with lower inter-PPTvar. Increased inter-annual variation in precipitation reduced production of both ecotypes. As a result, predicted changes in the amount and timing of precipitation thus likely will exert greater influence on production of upland than lowland ecotypes of switchgrass.