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Gauthier, M.

Publications and source records attributed to Gauthier, M..

Identification of turbulence structures above a forest canopy using a wavelet transform

The wavelet transform is used to identify scales of large coherent structures present in atmospheric turbulence above the subarctic forest at Schefferville. Individual coherent structures contributing to much of the exchange between the forest and the atmosphere are depicted in terms of both scale and location using contour diagrams of wavelet transform coefficients. Three typical case studies of turbulence and flux observations were selected to examine the physical characteristics of these flux-filled events and their evolution with distance away from the forest canopy. A wavelet transform spectral technique is applied to vertical velocity, temperature, and turbulent heat flux data observed over the sparse coniferous forest to extract the relative importance of each scale present in those data series. The scale of turbulence structures in relation with their characteristic spacing is discussed.

Turner, B. J.

Laser driven launch vehicles for continuous access to space

The availability of megawatt laser systems in the next century will make laser launch systems from ground to orbit feasible and useful. Systems studies indicate launch capabilities of 1 ton payload per gigawatt laser power. Recent research in ground to orbit laser propulsion has emphasized laser supported detonation wave thrusters driven by repetitively pulsed infrared lasers. In this propulsion concept each laser repetition cycle consists of two pulses. A lower energy first pulse is used to vaporize a small amount of solid propellant and then after a brief expansion period, a second and higher energy laser pulse is used to drive a detonation wave through the expanded vapor. The results are reported of numerical studies comparing the detonation wave properties of various candidate propellants, and the simulation of thruster performance under realistic conditions. Experimental measurements designed to test the theoretical predictions are also presented. Measurements are discussed of radiance and opacity in absorption waves, and mass loss and momentum transfer. These data are interpreted in terms of specific impulse and energy conversion efficiency.

Rollins, C. J.