Copper Metallization - Can We Trust It?
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copper metallization electromigration reliability↗
Engineering topics
Lloyd, J.
Publications and source records attributed to Lloyd, J..
Accelerated Testing Requirement for a Valid Test
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reliability accelerated testing beta test site↗
Reliability Challenges in Emerging IC Metallization Technologies
Submicron metallization has been a mixed blessing.
Copper Metallization Electromigration↗
Chinguetti: Terrestrial Age and Pre-Atmospheric Radius
The Chinguetti mesosiderite was found in the Adrar region of Mauretania in 1916. The finder claimed it be only a small fragment of a much larger mass, on the order of 10's of meters across. Our data indicate that, in fact, the pre-atmospheric size of the meteorite was < 1m.
Welten, K. C.↗
Reliability Issues in Deep Submicron Metallization
Submicron metallization has been a mixed blessing.
Electromigration Copper Reliability↗
Reliability Issues with Deep Submicron Interconnect
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Electromigration↗
A testbed for a unified teleoperated-autonomous dual-arm robotic system
This paper describes a complete robot control facility built at the Jet Propulsion Laboratory as part of NASA a telerobotics program to develop a state-of-the-art robot control environment for laboratory based space-like experiments. This system, which is now fully operational, has the following features: separation of the computing facilities into local and remote sites, autonomous motion generation in joint or Cartesian coordinates, dual-arm force reflecting teleoperation with voice interaction between the operator and the robots, shared control between the autonomously generated motions and operator controlled teleoperation, and dual-arm coordinated trajectory generation. The system has been used to carry out realistic experiments such as the exchange of an Orbital Replacement Unit (ORU), bolt turning, and door opening, using a mixture of autonomous actions and teleoperation, with either a single arm or two cooperating arms.
Hayati, S.↗
The JPL telerobotic Manipulator Control and Mechanization (MCM) subsystem
The Manipulator Control and Mechanization (MCM) subsystem of the telerobot system provides the real-time control of the robot manipulators in autonomous and teleoperated modes and real time input/output for a variety of sensors and actuators. Substantial hardware and software are included in this subsystem which interfaces in the hierarchy of the telerobot system with the other subsystems. The other subsystems are: run time control, task planning and reasoning, sensing and perception, and operator control subsystem. The architecture of the MCM subsystem, its capabilities, and details of various hardware and software elements are described. Important improvements in the MCM subsystem over the first version are: dual arm coordinated trajectory generation and control, addition of integrated teleoperation, shared control capability, replacement of the ultimate controllers with motor controllers, and substantial increase in real time processing capability.
Hayati, Samad↗
Microcomputer Checks Butt-Weld Accuracy
Electrical gage and microcomputer eliminate time-consuming manual measurements. Alinement and angle of plates on either side of butt weld are measured and recorded automatically by hand-held gage and desk-top microcomputer. Gage/micro-computer quickly determine whether weld is within dimensional tolerances or whether reworking is needed. Microcomputer prints out measurements while operator moves gage from point to point along weld. Out-of-tolerance measurements are marked by an asterisk on printout.
Clisham, W.↗