Resolving Chemical and Spatial Heterogeneities at Complex Electrochemical Interfaces in Li-Ion Batteries
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Engineering topics
Publications and source records attributed to May, R..
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In this paper, the materials growth, device processing and development of the necessary drive electronics for an antimony based tunable diode laser system are discussed.
A tunable Quantum-Cascade (QC) laser has been flown on NASA's ER-2 high-altitude aircraft to produce the first atmospheric gas mearsurements using this newly-invented device, an important milestone in the QC laser's much-anticipated future planetary, industrial, and commercial application.
On 8 May 1997 vertical profiles of over 30 different gases were measured remotely in solar occultation by the JPl MkIV Interferometer during a balloon flight launched from Fairbanks, Alaska.
Two independent tunable diode laser spectrometers are resident aboard the Mars Polar Lander as part of the Mars Volatile and Climate Surveyor payload.
A new technique is presented to determine the degree of denitrification that occured during the 1996/97 Arctic winter, based on balloon and aircraft borne measurements of NOy, N2O and CH4. In this study high-altitude balloon measurements are used to define the properties of air masses that later descend in the polar vortex to altitudes sampled by the ER-2 aircraft and mix isentropically with mid-latitude air.
We use the correlation between CH(sub 4) and N(sub 2)O as measured during the POLARIS campaign in spring 1997 to estimate the degree of mixing between descended air masses from the vortex and air masses from mid-latitudes.
The Airborne Laser Infrared Absorption Spectrometer II (ALIAS-II) is a lightweight, high-resolution (0.0003 cm-1), scanning, mid-infrared absorption spectrometer based on cooled (80 K) lead-salt tunable diode laser sources.
The entrainment time scale in our study is considerably less than the value found by a similar study that focused on observations obtained in the lower stratosphere during 1994.
In the design of new aerospace materials, developmental testing is conducted to characterize the behavior of the material under severe environmental conditions of high stress, temperature, and vibration. But to test these materials under extreme conditions requires sensors that can perform in harsh environments. Current sensors can only monitor high temperature test samples using long throw instrumentation, but this is inherently less accurate than a surface mounted sensor, and provides no means for fabrication process monitoring. A promising alternative is the use of sapphire optical fiber sensors. Sapphire is an incredibly rugged material, being extremely hard (9 mhos), chemically inert, and having a melting temperature (over 2000 C). Additionally, there is a extensive background of optical fiber sensors upon which to draw for sapphire sensor configurations.
Concentrations of HC1 measured in the 1991/3 northern hemisphere lower stratosphere from the ER-2 aircraft are significantly lower than model predictions using both gas phase and heterogeneous chemistry, but are in much better agreement with model predictions for the 1994 southern hemisphere.
Stratospheric concentrations of HC1 measured in the northern hemisphere from the ER-2 aircraft are significantly lower than model predictions using both gas phase and heterogeneous chemistry, but measurements in the southern hemisphere are in much better agreement.
Concentrations of hc1 measured in the lower stratosphere in 1993 by the ALIAS instrument on the ER-2 aircraft reveal that only 40% of inorganic chlorine (CL sub y, inferred from in situ measurements of organic chlorinated source gases) is present as HC1, significantly lower than model predictions.
This paper describes the first simultaneous in situ measurements of stratospheric C1O and HC1.