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Radhakrishnan, Madhavan

Publications and source records attributed to Radhakrishnan, Madhavan.

The influence of thermomechanical treatment pathways on texture and mechanical properties in ARB Cu/Nb nanolaminates

Accumulative roll-bonded Cu/Nb nanolaminates (ARB Cu/Nb) possess high strength, thermal stability, and radiation tolerance arising from a high content of heterophase interfaces at fine layer thicknesses. These properties can be tailored by processing parameters used in the ARB Cu/Nb fabrication process, in which layer thickness, thermal history, and strain pathway determine the interface types and resultant properties found in the material. In this work, we subject ARB Cu/Nb to annealing, and then two different rolling pathways – one where rolling direction is held constant (longitudinal rolling, or LR), and one where rolling direction is rotated by 90º and held constant thereafter (cross rolling, or CR). Rolling is performed on ARB Cu/Nb over a targeted range of layer thicknesses from 193 to 25 nm and resultant bulk textures measured by neutron diffraction are correlated with mechanical properties measured by miniaturized tensile tests. The annealing procedure sharpens texture in both phases. We find that Cu mostly develops the same texture in LR and CR. In contrast, Nb develops a distinct texture along the CR pathway that is distinct from the LR texture. The composite texture of Cu/Nb is thus distinct between LR and CR pathways. This difference in texture development between Cu and Nb as a function of strain after change in rolling direction demonstrates the viability for deliberate pairing of Cu LR and Nb CR textures at a desired layer thickness. For mechanical properties, we find that differences in texture do not result in yield or flow stress differences above a layer thickness of 25 nm. Below a layer thickness of 25 nm, despite similar Taylor factors, yield and flow stress and are significantly different. In conclusion, this indicates texture only influences mechanical behavior at low layer thickness, where interface structure dominates mechanical properties.

36 MATERIALS SCIENCE↗

Nanostructured Composite Alloys for Extreme Environments

Accumulative Roll Bonding was used to process nanolayered Cu/Nb and Zr/Nb composites with varying individual layer thickness. Mechanical tests show remarkable strength as the average layer thickness decreases. Relatively high strength is preserved even at elevated temperatures. Despite differences in texture between rolling paths (longitudinally rolled-RL and cross rolled-CR) Cu/Nb, flow stresses between the resultant materials were similar. In addition, thermal conductivity does not change significantly as the interface density increases. The alloys show remarkable resistance to irradiation damage at very high doses due to stability of the interfaces. The results on Zr/Nb indicate that liquid phase chemistry resulting from thermal spikes play an important role and should be taken into account when designing alloys for extreme environments.

11 NUCLEAR FUEL CYCLE AND FUEL MATERIALS↗

Layer dissolution in accumulative roll bonded bulk Zr/Nb multilayers under heavy-ion irradiation

In this work, the heavy-ion irradiation behavior of bulk zirconium-niobium multilayered composites was investigated up to large doses. Multilayers with an average individual layer thicknesses ranging between 15 and 80 nm were synthesized by accumulative roll bonding technique. The irradiation was performed with a defocused 7 MeV Zr 2+ ion beam at 500 °C. The maximum dose achieved was ~145 dpa at the depth of ~1.5 μm from the irradiated surface. Sub-surface microstructural damage and the chemical redistribution were characterized by transmission electron microscopy and energy dispersive spectroscopy, respectively. Irrespective of the layer thicknesses, the irradiation condition caused layer instability and the extent of damage varied with the dose levels. Doses lesser than ~60 dpa caused layer fragmentation and greater than ~60 dpa resulted in layer dissolution. The chemical mixing of layers occur to a depth of ~1 μm, consuming multiple bi-layer periods. Despite the elevated irradiation temperature (500 °C) and a slightly positive heat of mixing (+6 kJ/mol), no phase separation was observed and single-phase was retained in the mixed region. The results demonstrate that chemical mixing was facilitated by the liquid phase miscibility of Zr and Nb, which propelled the interdiffusion within the thermal spikes towards mixing.

36 MATERIALS SCIENCE↗