Muon tagging with flash ADC waveform baselines

Lee, D.H. (ORCID:0000000260949176); Cheoun, M.K.; Choi, J.H.; Choi, J.Y.; Dodo, T.; Goh, J.; Harada, M.; Hasegawa, S.; Hwang, W.; Iida, T.; Jang, H.I.; Jang, J.S.; Joo, K.K.; Jung, D.E.; Kang, S.K.; Kasugai, Y.; Kawasaki, T.; Kim, E.M.; Kim, E.J.; Kim, S.B.; Kim, S.Y.; Kinoshita, H.; Konno, T.; Little, C.; Maruyama, T.; Marzec, E.; Masuda, S.; Meigo, S.; Moon, D.H.; Nakano, T.; Niiyama, M.; Nishikawa, K.; Pac, M.Y.; Park, B.J.; Park, H.W.; Park, J.B.; Park, Jisu; Park, J.S.; Park, R.G.; Peeters, S.J.M.; Rott, C.; Ryu, J.W.; Sakai, K.; Sakamoto, S.; Shima, T.; Shin, C.D. (ORCID:0000000224969372); Spitz, J.; Suekane, F.; Sugaya, Y.; Suzuya, K.; Takeuchi, Y.; Wang, W.; Wei, W.; Yamaguchi, Y.; Yeh, M.; Yeo, I.S.; Yu, I.

doi:10.1088/1748-0221/20/09/p09002

DOE OSTI · 3006034

Muon tagging with flash ADC waveform baselines

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Abstract

Here, this manuscript describes an innovative method to tag muons using the baseline information of the Flash ADC (FADC) waveform of PMTs in the JSNS 2 (J-PARC Sterile Neutrino Search at J-PARC Spallation Neutron Source) experiment. The experiment is designed to search for evidence of sterile neutrinos, and a reliable method for muon tagging is an essential component for background rejection because the detector is located above ground, on the 3rd floor of the J-PARC Material and Life Science Experimental Facility (MLF). Cosmogenic muons that stop within the detector volume and produce a Michel electron are a particularly important background that must be rejected for our sterile neutrino search. Utilizing this innovative method, more than 99.8 % of Michel electrons can be rejected even without using information from the detector’s veto region PMTs. This technique can be employed by any experiments which uses a similar detector configuration.

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73 NUCLEAR PHYSICS AND RADIATION PHYSICS Gamma detectors Liquid detectors Neutrino detectors Particle identification methods Photoemission Scintillators

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Lee, D.H. (ORCID:0000000260949176), Cheoun, M.K., Choi, J.H., Choi, J.Y., Dodo, T., Goh, J., Harada, M., Hasegawa, S., Hwang, W., Iida, T., Jang, H.I., Jang, J.S., Joo, K.K., Jung, D.E., Kang, S.K., Kasugai, Y., Kawasaki, T., Kim, E.M., Kim, E.J., Kim, S.B., Kim, S.Y., Kinoshita, H., Konno, T., Little, C., Maruyama, T., Marzec, E., Masuda, S., Meigo, S., Moon, D.H., Nakano, T., Niiyama, M., Nishikawa, K., Pac, M.Y., Park, B.J., Park, H.W., Park, J.B., Park, Jisu, Park, J.S., Park, R.G., Peeters, S.J.M., Rott, C., Ryu, J.W., Sakai, K., Sakamoto, S., Shima, T., Shin, C.D. (ORCID:0000000224969372), Spitz, J., Suekane, F., Sugaya, Y., Suzuya, K., Takeuchi, Y., Wang, W., Wei, W., Yamaguchi, Y., Yeh, M., Yeo, I.S., Yu, I.. 2025-09-01. Muon tagging with flash ADC waveform baselines. https://doi.org/10.1088/1748-0221%2F20%2F09%2Fp09002

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DOE OSTI2026

Design-informed neutronics assessment of long-lived fission product transmutation in a tokamak fusion reactor blanket

This study presents a neutronics-based assessment of the feasibility and viability of transmuting six major long-lived fission products (LLFPs) from light-water reactors, namely 99 Tc, 129 I, 79 Se, 93 Zr, 126 Sn, and 135 Cs, within the blanket region of a tokamak fusion reactor, using the MIT ARC design as a concrete fusion configuration. Monte Carlo neutronics simulations were performed to evaluate LLFP transmutation and to compare the results with a reference boiling water reactor (BWR). The results indicate that transmutation of all six LLFPs is neutronics-feasible in fusion reactors, with transmutation half-lives significantly shorter than their natural decay half-lives. For elemental targets, transmutation of 135 Cs, 126 Sn, and 93 Zr was found potentially viable, as the net mass transmuted exceeded that achievable in the reference BWR under identical target volume and irradiation time. When isotopically separated targets were considered, transmutation of 126 Sn and 93 Zr appeared potentially viable. A parametric study demonstrated that plasma geometry modifications can enhance local neutron flux, increasing the transmuted 93 Zr mass by approximately 33% and reducing the transmutation half-life from approximately 240 years to 180 years. Repositioning the target and adjusting material layer thickness reduced the transmutation half-life of 93 Zr to 67 years and increased the net mass transmuted by a factor of 50. Furthermore, these results demonstrate that fusion reactors can enable LLFP transmutation beyond the practical limits of thermal fission reactors and highlight the critical role of reactor and blanket design optimization. Engineering and fuel-cycle considerations required for deployment are beyond the scope of this neutronics-focused study.

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Muon tagging with flash ADC waveform baselines

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