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Search indexed NASA NTRS and DOE OSTI research on propulsion, heat transfer, battery materials and energy systems. Follow report and document links to the original sources.

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At least 253 records · Page 14
All sourcesNASA NTRSDOE OSTI
NASA NTRS2017

MiniWall Tool for Analyzing CFD and Wind Tunnel Large Data Sets

It is challenging to review and assimilate large data sets created by Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) simulations and wind tunnel tests. Over the past 10 years, NASA Ames Research Center has developed and refined a software tool dubbed the MiniWall to increase productivity in reviewing and understanding large CFD-generated data sets. Under the recent NASA ERA project, the application of the tool expanded to enable rapid comparison of experimental and computational data. The MiniWall software is browser based so that it runs on any computer or device that can display a web page. It can also be used remotely and securely by using web server software such as the Apache HTTP server. The MiniWall software has recently been rewritten and enhanced to make it even easier for analysts to review large data sets and extract knowledge and understanding from these data sets. This paper describes the MiniWall software and demonstrates how the different features are used to review and assimilate large data sets.

Computational Fluid Dyanmics↗
NASA NTRS2005

Latency in Visionic Systems: Test Methods and Requirements

A visionics device creates a pictorial representation of the external scene for the pilot. The ultimate objective of these systems may be to electronically generate a form of Visual Meteorological Conditions (VMC) to eliminate weather or time-of-day as an operational constraint and provide enhancement over actual visual conditions where eye-limiting resolution may be a limiting factor. Empirical evidence has shown that the total system delays or latencies including the imaging sensors and display systems, can critically degrade their utility, usability, and acceptability. Definitions and measurement techniques are offered herein as common test and evaluation methods for latency testing in visionics device applications. Based upon available data, very different latency requirements are indicated based upon the piloting task, the role in which the visionics device is used in this task, and the characteristics of the visionics cockpit display device including its resolution, field-of-regard, and field-of-view. The least stringent latency requirements will involve Head-Up Display (HUD) applications, where the visionics imagery provides situational information as a supplement to symbology guidance and command information. Conversely, the visionics system latency requirement for a large field-of-view Head-Worn Display application, providing a Virtual-VMC capability from which the pilot will derive visual guidance, will be the most stringent, having a value as low as 20 msec.

Bailey, Randall E.↗
NASA NTRS2001

Sub-Nyquist Distortions in Sampled One- and Two-Dimensional Signals Studied

Hardware testing frequently involves the acquisition of waveform and instrumentation signals, which are often recorded on waveform recorders, oscillographs, and video recorders. Years ago, the waveforms were viewed as analog records, as drawn by a paper strip chart pen or electron beam on a cathode ray tube screen. One of the problems in the past was that the analog electronics may not have been able to accurately display the full amplitude of a signal if the real-time signals exceeded the frequency response bandwidth of the recording device. The advent of digital oscilloscopes, waveform recorders, and video frame-grabbers solved many of the frequency response problems, though not all. A restriction on digital waveform acquisition is well known by people in the instrumentation field. Put simply, the sampling frequency must be at least twice the frequency of any signal to be sampled, or vice versa; the signals must be filtered so that none of the signal frequencies are higher than one-half the sample rate (the Nyquist Limit). Then, per Shannon's Sampling Theorem (1949, ref. 1), any sampled signal can be reconstructed for viewing on a display device. If any signals exceed the Nyquist frequency limit, error signals called aliases occur in the output display.

Williams, Glenn L.↗
NASA NTRS1976

Low-cost data analysis systems for processing multispectral scanner data

The basic hardware and software requirements are described for four low cost analysis systems for computer generated land use maps. The data analysis systems consist of an image display system, a small digital computer, and an output recording device. Software is described together with some of the display and recording devices, and typical costs are cited. Computer requirements are given, and two approaches are described for converting black-white film and electrostatic printer output to inexpensive color output products. Examples of output products are shown.

Whitely, S. L.↗
NASA NTRS2007

Hand Held Device for Wireless Powering and Interrogation of Biomems Sensors and Actuators

A compact, hand-held device for wireless powering, interrogation and data retrieval from at least one implanted sensor. The hand-held device includes an antenna for powering an implanted sensor and for receiving data from the implanted sensor to the hand-held device for at least one of storage, display or analysis. The hand-held device establishes electromagnetic coupling with a low radiating radio frequency power inductor in the implanted sensor at a predefined separation and the antenna geometry allows for the antenna to power, interrogate and retrieve data from the implanted sensor without strapping the hand-held device to a human body housing the implanted sensor The hand-held device optionally allows for activation of the implanted sensor only during interrogation and data retrieval.

Miranda, Felix Antonio↗
NASA NTRS1980

Edge smoothing for real-time simulation of a polygon face object system as viewed by a moving observer

The visual system within an aircraft flight simulation system receives flight data and terrain data which is formated into a buffer memory. The image data is forwarded to an image processor which translates the image data into face vertex vectors Vf, defining the position relationship between the vertices of each terrain object and the aircraft. The image processor then rotates, clips, and projects the image data into two-dimensional display vectors (Vd). A display generator receives the Vd faces, and other image data to provide analog inputs to CRT devices which provide the window displays for the simulated aircraft. The video signal to the CRT devices passes through an edge smoothing device which prolongs the rise time (and fall time) of the video data inversely as the slope of the edge being smoothed. An operational amplifier within the edge smoothing device has a plurality of independently selectable feedback capacitors each having a different value. The values of the capacitors form a series which doubles as a power of two. Each feedback capacitor has a fast switch responsive to the corresponding bit of a digital binary control word for selecting (1) or not selecting (0) that capacitor. The control word is determined by the slope of each edge. The resulting actual feedback capacitance for each edge is the sum of all the selected capacitors and is directly proportional to the value of the binary control word. The output rise time (or fall time) is a function of the feedback capacitance, and is controlled by the slope through the binary control word.

Lotz, Robert W.↗
NASA NTRS1981

An integrated control panel utilizing a programmable varistor-multiplexed dichroic liquid crystal display

Due to the conflicting demands of modern aircraft for increased systems/sensors and the decrease in cockpit panel size, weight, volume, and power, conventional discrete/dedicated methods of display and control are fast becoming obsolete. A means is sought to integrate the control and display into multifunctional programmable devices, thus giving the ability to increase system functions and yet conserve panel space. A potential solution to the control portion of the problem has come to be known as the Integrated Control Panel (ICP) approach. Flat panel display technology and controls using programmable flat panel displays with transparent capacitive touch control overlays offer the largest potential advantages. The flat panel display made of varistor-multiplexed dichroic liquid crystal (LCD) developed by GE in recent years appears to offer the ideal monochrome solution.

Whitton, I. J.↗
NASA NTRS1986

Theoretical and material studies on thin-film electroluminescent devices

A highly efficient DC electroluminescent display is presented. A variably spaced superlattice structure is used to produce high energy injection of electrons into a ZnSe:Mn active layer in which impact excitation of the Mn centers can occur. The device is predicted to operate at an applied external bias on order of magnitude less than the best DC electroluminescent device to date. The device is predicted to have comparable brightness, since it operates in the saturation regime. The improved efficiency stems from avoiding significant energy loss to phonons. The electrons sequentially tunnel through a multilayer ZnSe/CaSrF2 stack under bias and emerge into the active layer at an energy equal to the conduction band bending. The injection energy is chosen to coincide with the impact excitation energy of the Mn centers. Different device designs are presented and their performance is predicted.

Summers, C. J.↗
NASA NTRS2007

Scheduling Accessory Assists Patients with Cognitive Disorders

Recom Technologies Inc. received initial funding from NASA to research the commercial potential of an artificially intelligent planning reaction model to serve as a tool to help individuals suffering from various forms and levels of brain impairment. In 1993, the chief of the Artificial Intelligence Research Branch at Ames Research Center suggested collaborative research with Santa Clara Valley Medical Center. This partnership led to further development of the technology and funding to support clinical research from the U.S. Department of Education's National Institute on Disability and Rehabilitation Research. In 1996, Attention Control Systems Inc. was founded to market the finished device, called the Planning and Execution Assistant and Trainer (PEAT). PEAT is a pocket-sized PDA-like device with a graphical display, touchscreen controls, an electronic calendar, an address book, and a built-in phone, that cues users to start or stop scheduled activities, monitors their progress, and adjusts schedules as necessary in response to delays or calendar changes. It uses an automatic planning model developed for NASA to adjust daily plans when a situation changes. PEAT is sold as a complete system that includes software, hardware, documentation, and technical support. In addition to the flagship Pocket PEAT device, there is PEAT Phone, PC PEAT, and PEAT Link. Clinical studies of PEAT continue at Santa Clara Valley Medical Center

Source record↗
DOE OSTI2026

Eutectic Processing of Semiconductor Colloidal Nanocrystals for Energy Applications

Colloidal semiconductor nanocrystals (NCs) offer a costeffective platform for light-energy conversion in X-ray scintillators, photovoltaics, lasers, and display technologies. Yet, device-relevant NCs often require complex heterostructured compositions, where lattice imperfections compromise the efficiency and stability of photoconversion processes. Here, we show that a simple synthetic detour through a eutectic state of II−VI semiconductor NCs (e.g., CdSe, ZnSe) with halide salts (e.g., CdCl 2 , ZnCl 2 ) overcomes this limitation by melting and reconstructing NC lattices into defect-free alloyed and core/shell architectures. Applied to ternary CdSeTe NCs, this process produces downconverters with record brightness and minimal line widths, delivering a 3-fold increase in film-side external quantum efficiency of commercial CdTe photovoltaic modules (First Solar Inc.). Meanwhile, eutectic processing of CdSe-based core/shell emitters yields an 8-fold enhancement in their photoluminescence stability under backlight operation, addressing the reliability bottleneck for display technologies. Together, these findings establish eutectic NC processing as a scalable route to efficient, durable photoconversion materials for energy applications.

37 INORGANIC, ORGANIC, PHYSICAL, AND ANALYTICAL CH↗
NASA NTRS2018

Method and Apparatus for Providing In-Flight Pilot Interface for Trajectory Optimization

Systems and methods of an in-cockpit flight trajectory modification system for an aircraft are provided. A receiver is capable of receiving flight-related hazard information. A traffic aware planner (TAP) module is operably connected to the receiver to receive the flight-related hazard information. A user interface device is operably connected to the TAP module on board the aircraft to provide trajectory information associated with the aircraft and to receive user input corresponding to a request for a revised trajectory. A TAP application is capable of calculating one or more revised trajectories for the aircraft based at least on active trajectory information of the aircraft and the flight-related hazard information. The user interface device may be configured to display information related to the one or more revised trajectories, including a graphic display of the active trajectory and at least one revised trajectory in a visualization panel of the user interface device.

Burke, Kelly Ann↗
NASA NTRS1974

Techniques for delineation and portrayal of land cover types using ERTS-1 data

The author has identified the following significant results. ERTS data was used to map land cover in agricultural areas, although in some parts of Pennsylvania, with small irregular fields, many of the pixels overlap field boundaries and cause difficulties in classification. Various techniques and devices were used to display the results of these land cover analyses. The most promising approach would be a user-interactive color monitor interfaced with a large computer so that classification results could be displayed on the CRT and these results output by a hard complete copier.

Mcmurtry, G. J.↗
NASA NTRS1978

Curve tracer checks CMOS IC's

Conventional transistor curve tracer can speed up failure analysis of CMOS integrated circuits by displaying transfer characteristics while device is subjected to vibration or environmental testing. Failures that show up as change in threshold voltage or transfer characteristics are quickly detected.

Kizer, F.↗
NASA NTRS1978

UNIBUS monitor for PDP 11

A UNIBUS monitor was designed and constructed to facilitate development of hardware interfaces with the PDP 11 minicomputer. The monitor provides useful displays of UNIBUS conditions and provides the user with a flexible diagnostic tool. It can also serve as a simple display and data entry device, permitting extremely simple input/output (I/O) for development software. At this time, the monitor is being used with the DSN planetary radar system, which uses a PDP 11.

Donner, M. D.↗
NASA NTRS1978

Integrated avionics for future general aviation aircraft

The program described was initiated in 1975 to provide the critical information for the design of an advanced avionics system suitable for general aviation. Emphasis is on the use of data busing, distributed microsensors, shared electronic displays and pilot entry devices, innovative low-cost sensors, and improved functional characteristics. Design considerations include cost, reliability, maintainability, and modularity.

Denery, D. G.↗
NASA NTRS1979

A Demonstration Advanced Avionics System for general aviation

A program initiated within NASA has emphasized the use of a data bus, microprocessors, electronic displays and data entry devices for general aviation. A Demonstration Advanced Avionics System (DAAS) capable of evaluating critical and promising elements of an integrating system that will perform the functions of (1) automated guidance and navigation; (2) flight planning; (3) weight and balance performance computations; (4) monitoring and warning; and (5) storage of normal and emergency check lists and operational limitations is described. Consideration is given to two major parts of the DAAS instrument panel: the integrated data control center and an electronic horizontal situation indicator, and to the system architecture. The system is to be installed in the Ames Research Center's Cessna 402B in the latter part of 1980; engineering flight testing will begin in the first part of 1981.

Denery, D. G.↗
NASA NTRS1983

Design, development, and flight test of a demonstration advanced avionics system

Ames Research Center initiated a program in 1975 to provide the critical information required for the design of integrated avionics suitable for general aviation. The program emphasized the use of data busing, distributed microprocessors, shared electronic displays and data entry devices, and improved functional capability. Design considerations included cost, reliability, maintainability, and modularity. As a final step, a demonstration advanced avionics system (DAAS) was designed, built, and flight tested in a Cessna 402, twin engine, general aviation aircraft. A functional description of the DAAS, including a description of the system architecture, is presented and the program and flight test results are briefly reviewed.

Denergy, D. G.↗