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Search indexed NASA NTRS and DOE OSTI research on propulsion, heat transfer, battery materials and energy systems. Follow report and document links to the original sources.

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At least 307 records · Page 17
All sourcesNASA NTRSDOE OSTI
NASA NTRS1982

Water vapor in the Martian atmosphere - A discussion of the Viking data

A summary of calculations describing the Martian atmosphere water vapor content based on data from the Mars Atmospheric Water Detectors carried by the Viking landers is presented. The water column has been observed to vary with season, time of day, and locality. Over 5 yr of continuous data collection has permitted modeling of the Martian year into 24 seasonal periods of planetocentric solar longitude, with gaps in the model due to the presence of dust storms. The vapor content is asymmetric pole-to-pole, but symmetric latitudinally with respect to the equator. Low elevation areas display a higher vapor content, especially with rapid height changes in nearby terrain. Dust storms reduced the total atmospheric vapor, with concentration shifts tending toward the north, from where it is expected renewed balances will be reinstated. Consideration is also given to diurnal variations, and variations due to temperature, composition, and wind velocity.

Doms, P. E.↗
DOE OSTI2019

Lipid Mini-On: mining and ontology tool for enrichment analysis of lipidomic data

Abstract Summary Here we introduce Lipid Mini-On, an open-source tool that performs lipid enrichment analyses and visualizations of lipidomics data. Lipid Mini-On uses a text-mining process to bin individual lipid names into multiple lipid ontology groups based on the classification (e.g. LipidMaps) and other characteristics, such as chain length. Lipid Mini-On provides users with the capability to conduct enrichment analysis of the lipid ontology terms using a Shiny app with options of five statistical approaches. Lipid classes can be added to customize the user’s database and remain updated as new lipid classes are discovered. Visualization of results is available for all classification options (e.g. lipid subclass and individual fatty acid chains). Results are also visualized through an editable network of relationships between the individual lipids and their associated lipid ontology terms. The utility of the tool is demonstrated using biological (e.g. human lung endothelial cells) and environmental (e.g. peat soil) samples. Availability and implementation Rodin (R package: https://github.com/PNNL-Comp-Mass-Spec/Rodin), Lipid Mini-On Shiny app (https://github.com/PNNL-Comp-Mass-Spec/LipidMiniOn) and Lipid Mini-On online tool (https://omicstools.pnnl.gov/shiny/lipid-mini-on/). Supplementary information Supplementary data are available at Bioinformatics online.

59 BASIC BIOLOGICAL SCIENCES↗
NASA NTRS1973

Skylab 1 (1/2) sensitometric summary

Sensitometric data obtained from all rolls of Skylab 1 original film containing sensitometric exposures applied by the Photographic Technology Division are presented. A summary is provided that identifies the supply and take-up magazine numbers, the amount of radiation, and the change in Dmax or Base + Fog due to heat and radiation for each roll of original film.

Weinstein, M. S.↗
NASA NTRS1971

Analysis of the Apollo spacecraft operational data management system. Executive summary

A study was made of Apollo, Skylab, and several other data management systems to determine those techniques which could be applied to the management of operational data for future manned spacecraft programs. The results of the study are presented and include: (1) an analysis of present data management systems, (2) a list of requirements for future operational data management systems, (3) an evaluation of automated data management techniques, and (4) a plan for data management applicable to future space programs.

Source record↗
DOE OSTI2019

International Arctic Systems for Observing the Atmosphere (IASOA) Metadata Harvest for Oliktok Point Observations Field Campaign Report

The International Arctic Systems for Observing the Atmosphere (IASOA) was initiated as an International Polar Year (IPY) project (Uttal et al. 2015, on-line release) to address key atmospheric science questions through coordinating the considerable atmospheric observing assets at 10 pan-arctic observatories (http://iasoa.org). The mission of IASOA is to advance cross-site research objectives from independent arctic atmospheric observatories through: (1) strategically developing comprehensive observational capacity; (2) facilitating data access and usability through a single gateway; and (3) mobilizing contributions to synergistic science and socially relevant services derived from IASOA assets and expertise. In April 2015 the IASOA science steering committee invited the U.S. Department of Energy (DOE) Atmospheric Radiation Measurement (ARM) user facility’s Oliktok Point observatory to contribute to consortium activities. The IASOA steering committee identified enhanced, cross-site data sharing through an IASOA-specific data access portal as a focus for ongoing consortium activities. The design intent of the portal has been to display the data inventories of all IASOA observatories in a succinct summary (Data-at-a-Glance) and provide the most proximal access links available to those data sets. The IASOA data access portal is not intended to replace the functions of existing archives. This succinct summary of data availability supports cross-site and interdisciplinary synthesis science activities. Efforts to enhance the legacy IASOA data access portal functionality have focused on two areas: developing a comprehensive and coherent data vocabulary for IASOA data and implementing an interoperable metadata standard for all IASOA data. The technical goal of this proposal is to work with ARM data managers to operationalize the export of metadata for observational data sets for Oliktok Point from the ARM metadata database. IASOA harvests data in the commonly used International Organization for Standardization (ISO) format. ARM has successfully generated metatdata matching this format in the past to provide metadata from its North Slope of Alaska (NSA) Barrow observatory.

54 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES↗
DOE OSTI2017

INDC International Nuclear Data Committee

The 22nd meeting of the International Network of Nuclear Structure and Decay Data Evaluators was convened at the Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, USA, from 22 to 26 May 2017 under the auspices of the IAEA Nuclear Data Section. This meeting was attended by 38 scientists from 12 Member States and the IAEA, all of whom are concerned primarily with the measurement, evaluation and dissemination of nuclear structure and decay data. A summary of the meeting, data centre reports, various proposals considered, technical discussions, actions agreed by the participants, and the resulting recommendations/conclusions are presented within this document.

73 NUCLEAR PHYSICS AND RADIATION PHYSICS↗
NASA NTRS2020

Medical Data Architecture Prototype Development - Summary of Recent Work and Proposed Ideas for Upcoming Work

The Medical Data Architecture (MDA) project supports the Exploration Medical Capability (ExMC) risk to minimize or reduce the risk of adverse health outcomes and decrements in performance due to in-flight medical capabilities on human exploration missions. To mitigate this risk, the ExMC MDA project addresses the technical limitations identified in ExMC Gap Med 07: We do not have the capability to comprehensively process medically-relevant information to support medical operations during exploration missions, and in ExMC Gap Med 10: We do not have the capability to provide computed medical decision support during exploration missions. These gaps recognize the need for a comprehensive medical data management system and the accompanying computational support to provide autonomous medical care during long duration exploration missions. As the MDA matures—including the capability to comprehensively process and discover medically-relevant information to support medical operations during exploration missions—project focus will shift to maturing and extending the MDA platform to enable clinical decision support and real-time guidance. To date, the MDA foundational architecture has recommended exploration medical system Level of Care IV requirements through a series of test bed prototype developments and analog demonstrations. The next stage in the development will focus on more autonomous clinical decision making necessary to address challenges in executing a self-contained medical system that enables health care both with and without assistance from ground support. A thorough understanding of current state of medical decision support systems, advanced machine learning algorithms and vast and varied data sources is required. The development of a clinical decision support for exploration missions (Level of Care V) roadmap is needed: one that assesses of current state of the art of clinical decision support systems (CDSS), interoperability issues, identification of challenges in health and performance monitoring, obtaining and processing information from biosensors, knowledge and data management, data integration and fusion, and advanced algorithm development. This roadmap must also include rapid prototype development in the areas of data processing, advanced analysis and prediction of medical events, and treatment based on medically relevant information processing and evidence-based best practices. In this presentation, an overview of the relevant issues and the beginning framework of a Level of Care V CDSS development roadmap will be provided.

Krihak, M.↗
NASA NTRS1993

Experimental constraints on CO2 and H2O in the Martian mantle and primary magmas

We present new data on the stability of hornblende in a Martian mantle composition, on CO2 solubility in iron-rich basaltic magmas, and on the solubility of H2O in an alkalic basaltic magma. These new data are combined with a summary of data from the literature to present a summary of the current state of our estimates of solubilities of H2O and CO2 in probable Martian magmas and the stability of hornblende in a slightly hydrous mantle. The new results suggest that hornblende stability is not sensitive to the Mg/(Mg+Fe) ratio (mg#) of the mantle, that is the results for terrestrial mantle compositions are similar to the more iron-rich Martian composition. Likewise, CO2 solubility in iron-rich tholeiitic basaltic magmas is similar to iron-poor terrestrial compositions. The solubility of H2O has been measured in an alkalic basaltic (basanite) composition for the first time, and it is significantly lower than predicted for models of water solubility in magmas. The lack of mg# dependence observed in hornblende stability and on CO2 solubility that in many cases terrestrial results can be applied to Martian compositions. This conclusion does not apply to other phenomena such as primary magma compositions and major mantle mineral mineralogy.

Holloway, John R.↗
DOE OSTI2020

Detectors and Data [Slides]

Summary: A gamma-ray spectrum is a histogram of energy deposited in a detector and a ‘fingerprint’ for a particular radionuclide. Shielding can reduce the intensity of peaks in a spectrum, especially at lower energies. HPGe detectors provide the sharpest picture in terms of gamma ray data. Regarding moderation and ³He detectors–too little and neutrons are too fast to be detected; too much and neutrons may get absorbed before reaching the ³He tube.

73 NUCLEAR PHYSICS AND RADIATION PHYSICS↗
DOE OSTI2019

Constraining estimates of terrestrial carbon uptake: new opportunities using long‐term satellite observations and data assimilation

Summary The response of terrestrial carbon uptake to increasing atmospheric [ CO 2 ], that is the CO 2 fertilization effect ( CFE ), remains a key area of uncertainty in carbon cycle science. Here we provide a perspective on how satellite observations could be better used to understand and constrain CFE . We then highlight data assimilation ( DA ) as an effective way to reconcile different satellite datasets and systematically constrain carbon uptake trends in Earth System Models. As a proof‐of‐concept, we show that joint DA of multiple independent satellite datasets reduced model ensemble error by better constraining unobservable processes and variables, including those directly impacted by CFE . DA of multiple satellite datasets offers a powerful technique that could improve understanding of CFE and enable more accurate forecasts of terrestrial carbon uptake.

Smith, William K.↗
NASA NTRS1973

OAO battery data analysis

Summary, consolidation and analysis of specifications, manufacturing process and test controls, and performance results for OAO-2 and OAO-3 lot 20 Amp-Hr sealed nickel cadmium cells and batteries are reported. Correlation of improvements in control requirements with performance is a key feature. Updates for a cell/battery computer model to improve performance prediction capability are included. Applicability of regression analysis computer techniques to relate process controls to performance is checked.

Gaston, S.↗
NASA NTRS1975

Discussion and theoretical summarization of the experimental data

A summary of research on psychological factors that cause substantial changes in the reliability indicators of an operators work is followed by a conclusion that strong moral-volitional qualities are the basic factors that make the human behavior under conditions of stress effective; emotional subcortical subdominants affect a person's conscious organization and self control in a man machine environment.

Mileryan, Y. A.↗
NASA NTRS1976

Energy Conversion Alternatives Study (ECAS), General Electric Phase 1. Volume 1: Executive summary

A data base for the comparison of advanced energy conversion systems for utility applications using coal or coal-derived fuels was developed. Estimates of power plant performance (efficiency), capital cost, cost of electricity, natural resource requirements, and environmental intrusion characteristics were made for ten advanced conversion systems. Emphasis was on the energy conversion system in the context of a base loaded utility power plant. All power plant concepts were premised on meeting emission standard requirements. A steam power plant (3500 psig, 1000 F) with a conventional coal-burning furnace-boiler was analyzed as a basis for comparison. Combined cycle gas/steam turbine system results indicated competitive efficiency and a lower cost of electricity compared to the reference steam plant. The Open-Cycle MHD system results indicated the potential for significantly higher efficiency than the reference steam plant but with a higher cost of electricity.

Corman, J. C.↗
NASA NTRS1977

GEOS-2 refraction program summary document

Data from an extensive array of collocated instrumentation at the Wallops Island test facility were intercompared in order to (1) determine the practical achievable accuracy limitations of various tropospheric and ionospheric correction techniques; (2) examine the theoretical bases and derivation of improved refraction correction techniques; and (3) estimate internal systematic and random error levels of the various tracking stations. The GEOS 2 satellite was used as the target vehicle. Data were obtained regarding the ionospheric and tropospheric propagation errors, the theoretical and data analysis of which was documented in some 30 separate reports over the last 6 years. An overview of project results is presented.

Mallinckrodt, A. J.↗
NASA NTRS1980

Cogeneration technology alternatives study. Volume 1: Summary report

Data and information in the area of advanced energy conversion systems for industrial congeneration applications in the 1985-2000 time period was studied. Six current and thirty-one advanced energy conversion systems were defined and combined with appropriate balance-of-plant equipment. Twenty-six industrial processes were selected from among the high energy consuming industries to serve as a framework for the study. Each conversion system was analyzed as a cogenerator with each industrial plant. Fuel consumption, costs, and environmental intrusion were evaluated and compared to corresponding traditional values. Various cogeneration strategies were analyzed and both topping and bottoming (using industrial by-product heat) applications were included. The advanced energy conversion technologies indicated reduced fuel consumption, costs, and emissions. Typically fuel energy savings of 10 to 25 percent were predicted compared to traditional on-site furnaces and utility electricity. With the variety of industrial requirements, each advanced technology had attractive applications. Overall, fuel cells indicated the greatest fuel energy savings and emission reductions. Gas turbines and combined cycles indicated high overall annual cost savings. Steam turbines and gas turbines produced high estimated returns. In some applications, diesels were most efficient. The advanced technologies used coal-derived fuels, or coal with advanced fluid bed combustion or on-site gasification systems.

Source record↗
NASA NTRS1992

Earth observing system. Output data products and input requirements, version 2.0. Volume 3: Algorithm summary tables and non-EOS data products

Volume 3 assists Earth Observing System (EOS) investigators in locating required non-EOS data products by identifying their non-EOS input requirements and providing the information on data sets available at various Distributed Active Archive Centers (DAAC's), including those from Pathfinder Activities and Earth Probes. Volume 3 is intended to complement, not to duplicate, the the EOSDIS Science Data Plan (SDP) by providing detailed data set information which was not presented in the SDP. Section 9 of this volume discusses the algorithm summary tables containing information on retrieval algorithms, expected outputs and required input data. Section 10 describes the non-EOS input requirements of instrument teams and IDS investigators. Also described are the current and future data holdings of the original seven DAACS and data products planned from the future missions and projects including Earth Probes and Pathfinder Activities. Section 11 describes source of information used in compiling data set information presented in this volume. A list of data set attributes used to describe various data sets is presented in section 12 along with their descriptions. Finally, Section 13 presents the SPSO's future plan to improve this report .

Lu, Yun-Chi↗
NASA NTRS2003

In-Flight Observations of Long-Term Single Event Effect(SEE)Performance on Orbview-2 and Xray Timing Explorer(XTE)Solid State Recorders (SSR)

This paper presents Single Event Effect (SEE) in-flight data on Solid State Recorders (SSR) that have been collected over a long period of time for two NASA spacecraft: Orbview-2 and XTE. SEE flight data on solid-state memories give an opportunity to study the behavior in space of SEE sensitive commercial devices. The actual Single Event Upset (SEU) rates can be compared with the calculated rates based on environment models and ground test data. The SEE mitigation schemes can also be evaluated in actual implementation. A significant amount of data has already been published concerning observed SEE effects on memories in space. However, most of the data presented cover either a short period of time or a small number of devices. The data presented here has been collected on a large number of devices during several years. This allows statistically significant information about the effect of space weather fluctuations on SEU rates, and the effectiveness of SEE countermeasures used to be analyzed. Only Orbview-2 data is presented in this summary. XTE data will be included in the final paper.

Poivey, Christian↗
NASA NTRS1974

RSRA sixth scale wind tunnel test. Tabulated balance data, volume 2

Summaries are presented of all the force and moment data acquired during the RSRA Sixth Scale Wind Tunnel Test. These data include and supplement the data presented in curve form in previous reports. Each summary includes the model configuration, wing and empennage incidences and deflections, and recorded balance data. The first group of data in each summary presents the force and moment data in full scale parametric form, the dynamic pressure and velocity in the test section, and the powered nacelle fan speed. The second and third groups of data are the balance data in nondimensional coefficient form. The wind axis coefficient data corresponds to the parametric data divided by the wing area for forces and divided by the product of the wing area and wing span or mean aerodynamic chord for moments. The stability axis data resolves the wind axis data with respect to the angle of yaw.

Ruddell, A.↗