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Search indexed NASA NTRS and DOE OSTI research on propulsion, heat transfer, battery materials and energy systems. Follow report and document links to the original sources.

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At least 37 records · Page 2
All sourcesNASA NTRSDOE OSTI
DOE OSTI2020

High Altitude Electromagnetic Pulse Testing of Photovoltaic Modules

This report details the test setup, process, and results for radiated susceptibility testing of multicrystalline silicon photovoltaic (PV) modules as part of the EMP-Resilient Electric Grid Grand Challenge Laboratory Directed Research and Development (LDRD) project at Sandia National Laboratories. Testing was conducted over October 10-17, 2019, where 8 photovoltaic modules were exposed to E1 transient pulses with peak field levels up to 100 kV/m. Modules were terminated in a resistive load representing connected components. State of health testing conducted via I-V curve tracing of the photovoltaic modules showed no observable loss of device function due to large electric field transients. Differential mode currents were measured on the order of 10's of amps for up to a microsecond following the radiated field pulse. Common mode currents took the form of a damped sinusoid with a maximum peak of 10's to 100's of amps with a resonance near 60 MHz.

14 SOLAR ENERGY↗
DOE OSTI2020

Electromagnetic Pulse in Wide-Angle Gamma Shadows

Unavoidable masses external to the warhead, associated with collateral EMP scenarios of current interest, produce a gamma shadow which changes the EMP seen in the shadowed region compared to that in the absence of a shadow. Calculations with the author’s three-dimensional MACSYNC code for a ground observer under the burst show shadowed field rise times ranging from many tens to hundreds of microseconds, durations approaching a millisecond, and magnitudes similar to those of the unshadowed field, depending on gamma shadow angle. These fields are likely to be smaller for larger observer ground ranges because the source region will shift to higher altitudes with associated higher conductivity that will attenuate the field.

45 MILITARY TECHNOLOGY, WEAPONRY, AND NATIONAL DEF↗
DOE OSTI2022

Gallium nitride electromagnetic pulse arrestor

A GaN diode EMP arrestor exhibits breakdown in <10 ns at reverse-bias voltage >20 kV. Additionally, the arrestor exhibits avalanche ruggedness at 1 kA/cm 2 in a 1 mm 2 device (i.e. 10 A absolute current) over a period of 500 ns following the onset of breakdown. Finally, the specific on-resistance in the forward direction is <20 mΩ cm 2 .

Kaplar, Robert↗
DOE OSTI2022

Port Impedance Measurement and Current Injection Response Analysis for PLCs

Programmable Logic Controllers (PLCs) are used to control devices throughout the power system since they have fast control capabilities and can utilize multiple types of communication interfaces. Therefore, studying and mitigating their vulnerabilities to electromagnetic pulse is important for the reliability of PLC operations. Here, in this paper, an effective impedance measurement scheme is proposed and demonstrated for three PLCs to estimate their susceptibility to an electromagnetic pulse. The equivalent non-uniform transmission line model is established to eliminate the impact of the fixture in the de-embedding process. Then different parameters of the impedance measurement setup are explored. Based on the measured impedance, the equivalent circuit is established to calculate the response of the device when subjected to the electromagnetic pulse. The voltage and current responses of different interfaces are compared utilizing the developed pulsed Current Injection (CI) method. Finally, the impedance measurement scheme is verified through testing using three measuring instruments. And the CI simulation experiments reveal the characteristics and susceptibilities of different PLCs interfaces, indicating that some protection measures are required for the reliable operation of the PLC.

42 ENGINEERING↗