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Cage, Gregory [Oak Ridge National Laboratory (ORNL↗
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Results on Neutrino and Antineutrino Oscillations from the NOvA Experiment
NOvA is a two-detector long-baseline neutrino oscillation experiment using Fermilab’s 700 kW NuMI muon neutrino beam. With a total exposure of 8.85×10$^{20}$+12.33×10$^{20}$ protons on target delivered to NuMI in the neutrino + antineutrino beam mode (78% more antineutrino data than in 2018), the experiment has made a 4.4$\sigma$-significant observation of the $\bar{v}$'e appearance in a $\bar{v}$$\mu$ beam, measured oscillation parameters |Δm$_{32}^{2}$|, sin$^{2}$O$_{23}$, and excluded most values near $\delta$$_{CP}$ = $\pi$/2 for the inverted neutrino mass hierarchy by more than 3$\sigma$.
72 PHYSICS OF ELEMENTARY PARTICLES AND FIELDS↗
NOvA Muon Neutrino and Antineutrino Disappearance Results 2018 [Slides]
$\blacksquare$ NOvA uses NuMI muon (anti)neutrino beam. Thank you Fermilab for this tremendous beam. $\blacksquare$ The muon beam travels from the Near Detector at Fermilab to the Far Detector in northern Minnesota. $\blacksquare$ As muons travel, some fraction of $\nu_{\mu}$ oscillates into $\nu_e$ and $\nu_{\tau}$ . $\blacksquare$ The muon neutrino disappearance analysis aims to determine ($\theta_{23}$, $\Delta m^2_{32}$) oscillation parameters, by measuring the number of survived muon neutrinos at the Far Detector.
72 PHYSICS OF ELEMENTARY PARTICLES AND FIELDS↗
Measurement of the Kaon Production Normalization in the NuMI Target Using Uncontained Charged-Current Muon Neutrino Interactions in the NOvA Far Detector
aNOvA is a long-baseline neutrino oscillation experiment that uses the NuMI beam from Fermilab. Its physics goals include providing constraints to the neutrino mass hierarchy and the CP-violating phase $\delta$ by precision measurements of the electron (anti)neutrino appearance in a muon (anti)neutrino beam. Similarly, new limits on the values of $\sin^2{\theta_{23}}$ and $\Delta m^{2}_{32}$ will be achieved by measurements of the muon (anti)neutrino disappearance probabilities. A combined analysis measurement will allow a better resolution of the $\theta_{23}$ octant. The NuMI beam is produced by the collision of high energy protons into a target, giving rise to kaon and pion mesons that decay to neutrinos of a specific flavor. This thesis presents a measurement of the kaon production normalization scale using uncontained charged-current muon neutrinos at the Far Detector. Because the neutrino beam is not pure in flavor, it contains an admixture of other different n eutrino flavors that become a source of background. %in oscillation analysis. Therefore, it is of paramount importance for accelerator experiments, such as NOvA, to have a reliable flux prediction of the neutrino beam in order to achieve its physics goals. One method to constrain the flux is to constrain and measure each flux component independently. The kaon component contributes to the intrinsic $\nu_{e}$ contamination of the beam, a key background for the $\nu_{e}$-appearance analysis. We observed that the uncontained sample in the 10-20 GeV region corresponds to the kaon component of the NuMI beam at the Far Detector. We also found a 60-80\% correlation between the Near Detector $\nu_{e}$ background and the Far Detector $\nu_{\mu}$ uncontained signal. The data used for this analysis was collected from October 2014 to February 2017, corresponding to $7.99 \times 10^{20}$ protons-on-target (POT). The ratio between the Far Detector data and the simulation is fitted to a lin e in the 10-20 GeV energy region. Calibration, energy scale,! final state interactions and neutrino flux (e.g. beam transport and hadron production shape only) systematic uncertainties are considered. The kaon production normalization scale is measured to be $S_{K} = 1.07 \pm 0.16$.
72 PHYSICS OF ELEMENTARY PARTICLES AND FIELDS↗
Escaping Events at the NOvA Far Detector
aThe NuMI Off-axis $\nu_e$ Appearance (NOvA) experiment studies neutrino oscillations in the NuMI (Neutrinos at the Main Injector) beam. The goal of the experiment is to determine the mass hierarchy and measure $\delta_{CP}$, however it is also sensitive to $\sin\theta_{23}$, and $\Delta m^2_{32}$. The present work tries to improve experimental sensitivity to the oscillation parameters by considering neutrino events which are discarded by the previous analysis - escaping events. The biggest issues with the escaping sample are significant cosmic background and correct energy estimation. Both issues were addressed and inclusion of escaping sample to the final fit led to an effective increase of statistics by 4% with best- fit measurements of $\sin\theta^2_{23} = 0.504$ and $\Delta m^2_{32} = 2.45 \times 10^{-3}$ eV$^2$.
72 PHYSICS OF ELEMENTARY PARTICLES AND FIELDS↗
Accelerating Calculation of Confidence Intervals for NOvA's Neutrino Oscillation Parameter Estimation with Supercomputers [Poster]
The NOvA experiment and the Feldman-Cousins Unified Approach are described.
43 PARTICLE ACCELERATORS↗
The Astrophysics Program of NOvA [Poster]
The NOvA detectors, designed primarily to discover and measure electron neutrino appearance in a muon neutrino beam, are versatile instruments being used for a variety of astrophysical analyses.
79 ASTRONOMY AND ASTROPHYSICS↗
NOvA central value tuning and uncertainties for the hN FSI model in GENIE 3 [Poster]
Hadrons produced from a neutrino scattering interaction can re-interact within the nucleus as it is traversed. These re-interactions are known as final state interactions (FSI). For 2020 NOvA chose to use the hN2018 semi-classical cascade FSI model in GENIE 3.0.6 [1] because, as opposed to the “effective” model hA, hN uses an explicit model [2] to predict how external pion scattering data is connected to propagation inside the nucleus.
72 PHYSICS OF ELEMENTARY PARTICLES AND FIELDS↗
Neutrino Tridents in the NOvA Near Detector
NOvA is a long-baseline neutrino oscillation experiment based at Fermilab that uses theNuMI beam line and two detectors to measure neutrino rates at a near location, and 810 km away at a far location.The detectors are made from PVC extrusions which segment the volume in to 4x6 cm cells which alternate orientations to provide 3D tracking of particles in the detector.
72 PHYSICS OF ELEMENTARY PARTICLES AND FIELDS↗
Searches for New Physics in Neutrino Oscillations at the MINOS+, NOvA, and DUNE Experiments
Neutrinos are some of the most mysterious fundamental particles in Standard Model: they are orders of magnitude lighter than the next lightest massive particle (the electron), and they rarely interact with other particles. In the last 20 years, we have firmly established that neutrinos change flavors as they travel by observing the disappearance of muon neutrinos produced by accelerators and interactions of cosmic rays with the atmosphere; the appearance of electron neutrinos in muon neutrino beams; and the disappearance of electron antineutrinos produced by nuclear reactors. Almost all experiments are consistent with the existence of only three neutrino flavor states which mix with three neutrino mass states. However, there are a few experiments which have seen evidence for oscillations at frequencies incompatible with the three known states, which would suggest the existence of a fourth state, the sterile neutrino. This project supported searches for physics beyond the Standard Model, especially sterile neutrinos, in neutrino oscillations at the MINOS/MINOS+ and NOvA experiments. These efforts were enabled through the use of Deep Learning approaches which have revolutionized selection and reconstruction methods in High Energy Physics.
72 PHYSICS OF ELEMENTARY PARTICLES AND FIELDS↗
Search for CP-violating Neutrino Non-Standard Interactions with the NOvA Experiment
The phenomenon of neutrino oscillations is the most significant evidence in experimental particle physics that points to the existence of Physics Beyond the Standard Model, and it opened a window for several and interesting new investigations in the field of neutrino physics. Among the possibilities, Non-Standard Interactions (NSI) are an extension of the neutrino matter effect leading to a rich phenomenology. These NSI are expected to modify the propagation of neutrinos through matter. The current open questions in the neutrino oscillation model rely heavily on how neutrinos interact with matter, and NSI could induce possible effects. This talk reports the preliminary search for CP-violating NSI of neutrinos with matter at the NOvA Experiment. Data from $\nu_{\mu}(\bar{\nu}_{\mu})\rightarrow\nu_{\mu}(\bar{\nu}_{\mu})$ and $\nu_{\mu}(\bar{\nu}_{\mu})\rightarrow\nu_{e}(\bar{\nu}_{e})$ oscillation channels are used to measure the effect of the NSI parameters $\varepsilon_{e\mu}$ or $\v arepsilon_{e\tau}$ over the 810 km baseline of the experiment.
43 PARTICLE ACCELERATORS↗
Constraining Cross Section and Beam Systematics for Future NOvA Sterile Neutrino Search
he NOvA (NuMI Off-axis $\nu_e$ Appearance) experiment measures neutrino oscillations in a nearly pure muon (anti)neutrino beam over a 810 km baseline. We search for sterile neutrino driven oscillations in both neutral current (NC) and charged current (CC) muon neutrino samples. A deficit of NC interactions at the Far Detector could occur since sterile neutrinos do not couple to the Z boson. A modulation of the muon neutrino disappearance probability is possible due to a new mass splitting. The NuMI beam line is capable of running in forward or reverse horn current modes, which creates a neutrino or antineutrino beam, respectively. Samples collected in forward horn current (FHC) or reverse horn current (RHC) modes are subject to beam optics uncertainties, in addition to cross section and hadron production uncertainties. We explore the ategories. To tackle reduction of cross section uncertainties, we study how splitting the neutral current (NC) samples can impact the systematic reduction and its implications on oscillation parameters, leveraging results from Monte Carlo simulations. Additionally, we look at the possibility of using a $\nu$-on-e scattering sample. The $\nu$-on-e scattering process has minimal cross section uncertainties compared to that of neutrino-nucleus interactions, which can help constrain the overall flux normalizations. Using both the ZHC sample, NC split sample, and $\nu$-on-e scattering sample jointly with FHC samples would reduce the focusing uncertainties and the hadron production uncertainties in the future sterile analysis.
72 PHYSICS OF ELEMENTARY PARTICLES AND FIELDS↗
NOvA Constraints on CP-Violating Non-Standard Interactions
This poster shows the results of work of search for charge-parity (CP) symmetry violating non-standard interactions (NSI) of neutrinos with matter using the NOvA Experiment, and examines their effects on the determination of the standard oscillation parameters.
72 PHYSICS OF ELEMENTARY PARTICLES AND FIELDS↗
Study of the Neutrino Magnetic Moment with the NOvA Near Detector
Predicted by the Standard Model as theoretical, massless particles, neutrinos have been the subject of many experiments since their first detection. It is now experimentally confirmed that neutrinos do have mass necessitating an extension to the Standard Model. Such an extension allows for other surprising neutrino properties, such as a neutrino magnetic moment. While neutrinos are observed to be neutral and do not couple to photons at leading order, higher order expansion of the interaction allows for coupling to the photon to occur and gives rise to a neutrino magnetic moment through quantum loop effects. This is a useful property for studying the Dirac or Majorana nature of neutrinos, as the predicted value of the magnetic moment would differ. This talk focuses on an introduction to the neutrino magnetic moment as well as discusses the current status of work being done on NOvA utilizing the Near Detector to obtain an upper limit on the neutrino magnetic moment value.
43 PARTICLE ACCELERATORS↗
Achievement in Beam Power Records for the NOvA Target System
We began upgrading the NOvA target system for 1-Mega Watt (1-MW) beam operation in 2017. Major challenges included maintaining the quality of neutrino beams with reliable instrumentation, reducing instantaneous beam heating on the target, increasing cooling power to handle the high-power beam, and controlling tritium water production rate. We finally achieved a one-hour beam power record of 1.018 MW in Summer 2024. This milestone demonstrates our capability to operate at 2+ MW beam power for the future Long Baseline Neutrino Facility (LBNF) and Deep Underground Neutrino Experiment (DUNE).
43 PARTICLE ACCELERATORS↗
Zero Mesons/QE/2p2h-like $\nu$-A interactions at the NOvA Near Detector
Results and prospects of the Zero Mesons/QE/2p2h-like $\nu$-A interactions at the NOvA Near Detector. Our analysis program comprises two released analyses, focusing on the hadronic and leptonic aspects of the interaction; and three upcoming analyses with improved exposure and detail on the final state.
72 PHYSICS OF ELEMENTARY PARTICLES AND FIELDS↗
Towards a 𝜈 𝜇 CC 1𝜇 + 1p exc. cross section measurement at the NOvA Near Detector
In the recent past, the NOvA near detector has been used to perform several neutrino-matter cross section measurements as a function of final state muon or electron kinematics around $E_\nu = 2$ GeV. In this talk, I show how the muon neutrino charged-current measurement in particular can be extended into a more exclusive region of phase space in order to probe nuclear effects. This can be done by selecting a final state with 1$\mu$, 1 proton, and nothing else, and measuring the cross section in terms of transverse kinematic imbalance (TKI) variables. The measurement I describe here would also be sensitive to quasi-elastic (QEL), two-particle two-hole (2p2h), and resonant (RES) neutrino interactions. Currently, I am optimizing the selection cuts for this analysis and developing a proton momentum estimator, which is necessary for reconstructing the TKI variables.
Weber, Colin [Minnesota U.]↗
High-Multiplicity Muon Airshower Analysis at NOvA Far Detector
We process and analyze muon airshower data from the NOvA far detector using various image processing algorithms, such as Fast Fourier Transformation, and Hough line transformation. From the processed event images, we calculate multiple parameters for our study. We are looking for physics features, including East-West Asymmetry, anisotropies in right ascension, and seasonal variation. Additionally, we have developed an algorithm to count the multiplicity of muons in the airshower events using the single muon data.
Lima, Aklima Khanam [Syracuse U.]↗