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Search indexed NASA NTRS and DOE OSTI research on propulsion, heat transfer, battery materials and energy systems. Follow report and document links to the original sources.

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At least 55 records · Page 3
All sourcesNASA NTRSDOE OSTI
DOE OSTI2020

A Guide to Energy Master Planning of High-Performance Districts and Communities

This guide was developed with partners throughout the United States to demonstrate how implementing district-scale high-performance strategies can be successful and scalable approaches to achieving deep energy savings that increase affordability, improve resilience, reduce emissions, and foster economic development. This document serves as a framework for districts, campuses, and communities, illustrating an iterative process of building support for, planning, and implementing high-performance districts by engaging stakeholders, setting aggressive energy goals, completing technical and financial planning, and implementing a high-performance energy master plan. The information in this guide is based on a 3-year U.S. Department of Energy Zero Energy District Accelerator and a range of real-world examples of emerging high-performance districts. It is particularly useful for architects, planners, engineers, local government agencies, and real estate developers in the early phases of planning a district with high-performance or other deep energy goals. For the purposes of this guide, a high-performance district is a multibuilding development that achieves aggressive energy and related goals such as zero energy, carbon neutrality, sustainability, ultra-efficiency, etc. High-performance districts optimize energy efficiency to reduce energy loads and use renewable energy resources to meet the remaining loads whenever possible. The Energy Independence and Security Act of 2007 defines a high-performance building as “a building that integrates and optimizes on a life cycle basis all major high-performance attributes, including energy conservation, environment, safety, security, durability, accessibility, cost-benefit, productivity, sustainability, functionality, and operational considerations.” High-performance districts are collections of such buildings that take advantage of the synergies available when energy consumption and production are considered at a district level rather than one building at a time.

32 ENERGY CONSERVATION, CONSUMPTION, AND UTILIZATI↗
DOE OSTI2021

Chess Master Project

This final technical report tracks the accomplishments of the Chess Master Project to the statement of project objects and resulting commercialization of the technology. Objectives for the project include 1) to sustain critical energy delivery functions during a cyber intrusion, control system operators need the ability to automate identification and containment of the affected network areas, and re-route critical information and control flows around; and 2) to effectively isolate impacted network areas and re-route critical flows, control system network operators need a global view of all the communication flows and have a method to proactively determine the whitelisted communications and how to respond to communications when adversarial behavior is detected.

42 ENGINEERING↗
DOE OSTI2021

DOE Environmental Management and Newport News Nuclear BWXT Briefing - LANL’s Campus Master Plan [Slides]

Triad proposed a robust integrated planning effort during the bidding process and began this effort soon after the LANL contract transition. Within months of Triad commencing this planning process, NA-LA delivered a Contracting Officer (CO) letter requiring: (1) Area Development Plan for the Pajarito Corridor delivered by end of FY19 (completed), and (2) The Campus Master Plan (CMP) to be delivered by end of FY21 (completed).

42 ENGINEERING↗
DOE OSTI2025

Fermilab PIP-II Master Oscillator and Precision Reference Line Design and Construction

The phase averaging reference line system pro- vides the RF phase reference, LO and clock sig- nals to the LLRF and other accelerator sub- systems. The PIP-II linac has RF systems at three frequencies – 162.5 MHz, 325 MHz and 650 MHz. A temperature-stabilized, low-phase- noise oscillator is used as the master oscil- lator. Phase reference signals at 162.5 MHz, 325 MHz, and 650 MHz, along with LO signals at 182.5 MHz, 345 MHz, 670 MHz and LLRF clocks at 1320 MHz and 1300 MHz, are generated in temperature-controlled RF modules at each fre- quency section. A phase reference from each module travels to the next section, where it is doubled to produce required frequencies. The reference also travels alongside the accelerating cavities in the tunnel, allowing cavity probe and reference cables to temperature track and reduce measurement errors from temperature changes or phase drift.

Syed, Ahmed [Fermilab]↗
DOE OSTI2022

Synchrophasors-based Master State Awareness Estimator for Cybersecurity in Power Grid: Testbed Implementation & Field Demonstration

The integration of distributed energy resources(DERs) and expansion of complex network in the distribution grid requires an advanced distributed state estimator to monitor the grid health at micro-level. The distribution state estimator will improve the situational awareness and resiliency of distributed power system. This paper proposes a synchrophasors-based master state awareness (MSA) estimator to enhance the cybersecurity in distribution grid by providing a real-time estimation of system operating states to control center operators. In this paper, the proposed MSA estimator utilizes only phasor measurements, bus magnitudes and angles, from phasor measurement units (PMUs),deployed in local substations, to estimate the system states and also detects data integrity attacks, such as load tripping attack that disconnects the load. To validate the proof of concept, we implement the proposed methodology in cyber-physical testbed environment at the Idaho National Laboratory (INL) Electric Grid Security Testbed. Further, to address the “valley of death” and support technology commercialization, field demonstration is also performed at the Critical Infrastructure Test Range Complex(CITRC) at the INL. Our experimental results reveal a promising performance in detecting load tripping attack and providing an accurate situational awareness through an alert visualization dashboard in real-time

42 ENGINEERING↗
DOE OSTI2025

Master Oscillator and Phase Reference Line Design for the PIP-II Linac

The phase averaging reference line system provides the RF phase reference, LO and clock signals to the LLRF and other accelerator sub-systems. The PIP-II linac has RF systems at three frequencies - 162.5 MHz, 325 MHz and 650 MHz. A temperature-stabilized, low-phase-noise oscillator is used as the master oscillator. Phase reference signals at 162.5 MHz, 325 MHz, and 650 MHz, along with LO signals at 182.5 MHz, 345 MHz, 670 MHz and LLRF clocks at 1320 MHz and 1300 MHz, are generated in temperature-controlled RF modules at each frequency section. A phase reference from each module travels to the next section, where it is doubled to produce required frequencies. The reference also travels alongside the accelerating cavities in the tunnel, allowing cavity probe and reference cables to temperature track and reduce measurement errors from temperature changes or phase drift.

Syed, A. [Fermilab]↗
DOE OSTI2025

Integral Heat Transfer Test Method for Determining Thermal Resistance of Silicon Carbide Cladding and Liquid Tin System at Elevated Temperatures - Master's Thesis Presentation University of Idaho

Presentation for master's work at University of Idaho discussing Integral Heat Transfer Test Method for Determining Thermal Resistance of Silicon Carbide Cladding and Liquid Tin System at Elevated Temperatures. Presentation covers slight literature review results/previous work, discussions on system design and approach for thermal property measurement of SiC composite and Tin system, modeling efforts, and results.

36 - MATERIALS SCIENCE↗
DOE OSTI2026

PIP-II LLRF Master Oscillator and Precision Reference Line- Station Level Design and Testing

The PIP-II superconducting linac at Fermilab requires a highly stable RF Reference Line to maintain phase synchronization throughout the accelerator. Temperature-induced changes in the electrical length of long coaxial cables can introduce phase drift and measurement errors. The reference-line architecture mitigates these effects by phase averaging the forward and reflected RF signals, while a phase-locked loop anchors the system to the master oscillator. This work focuses on the characterization, validation, and mechanical integration of station-level RF assemblies using CAD modeling, vector network analyzer measurements, and spectrum analyzer testing. PID-controlled thermal plates will stabilize critical RF components and further reduce temperature-dependent phase and amplitude variations. These methods support repeatable, standardized designs that can be reliably integrated across the different reference-line stations.

Mosher, Alexander [U. Illinois, Chicago; Fermilab]↗
DOE OSTI2025

On Master-Length Scale Formulations for Stable Conditions in Turbulence Closure Models

Three formulations of the turbulence-length scales used in numerical modelling of atmospheric flows are compared. The comparison is made using the Mellor–Yamada–Nakanishi–Niino turbulence closure model within the stable boundary layer local similarity framework. With an appropriate choice of model constants, the model predictions are barely discernible and compare well with the empirical data obtained from the SHEBA campaign.

54 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES↗
DOE OSTI2025

Mastering the Copolymerization Behavior of Ethyl Cyanoacrylate as Gel Polymer Electrolyte for Lithium‐metal Battery Application

Polymers with strong electron-withdrawing groups (e.g., cyano-containing polymers) are attractive for a wide range of applications due to their high dielectric constant and outstanding electrochemical stability. However, the polymerization of such monomers is difficult to control with trace of water affording instant reactions, and copolymerization with other monomers without using strong acid is even more challenging. The present study demonstrates a facile approach enabling efficient and controllable copolymerization of ethyl cyanoacrylate (ECA) without adding undesired additives, achieving mechanically robust and high ion-conduction gel polymer electrolyte (GPE) for safe and long cycle-life lithium-metal batteries (LMBs). The incorporated dual-lithium salts, i.e., lithium difluoro(oxalato)borate (LiDFOB) and lithium bis(trifluoromethanesulphonyl)imide (LiTFSI) not only facilitate radical polymerization of ECA monomers by suppressing their anionic polymerization, but also promote the formation of high-ionic conducting GPE. The incorporated methyl methacrylate (MMA) monomer accelerates the radical polymerization of ECA (confirmed by DFT calculations), achieving controlled copolymerization of ECA-based copolymers. Here, the mechanically robust polymer network made by the ECA copolymer enables LMBs with both LFP cathodes and high-voltage LCO cathodes (4.5 V) operatable at different temperatures with ultra-long cycle life at 1 C (capacity retention of 81.1 % and 83.8 %, respectively, over 1000 cycles).

Min, Weixing [Nankai University, Tianjin (China)]↗
DOE OSTI2024

IPD3, a master regulator of arbuscular mycorrhizal symbiosis, affects genes for immunity and metabolism of non-host Arabidopsis when restored long after its evolutionary loss

Abstract Arbuscular mycorrhizal symbiosis (AM) is a beneficial trait originating with the first land plants, which has subsequently been lost by species scattered throughout the radiation of plant diversity to the present day, including the model Arabidopsis thaliana . To explore if elements of this apparently beneficial trait are still present and could be reactivated we generated Arabidopsis plants expressing a constitutively active form of Interacting Protein of DMI3 , a key transcription factor that enables AM within the Common Symbiosis Pathway, which was lost from Arabidopsis along with the AM host trait. We characterize the transcriptomic effect of expressing IPD3 in Arabidopsis with and without exposure to the AM fungus (AMF) Rhizophagus irregularis , and compare these results to the AM model Lotus japonicus and its ipd3 knockout mutant cyclops-4 . Despite its long history as a non-AM species, restoring IPD3 in the form of its constitutively active DNA-binding domain to Arabidopsis altered expression of specific gene networks. Surprisingly, the effect of expressing IPD3 in Arabidopsis and knocking it out in Lotus was strongest in plants not exposed to AMF, which is revealed to be due to changes in IPD3 genotype causing a transcriptional state, which partially mimics AMF exposure in non-inoculated plants. Our results indicate that molecular connections to symbiosis machinery remain in place in this nonAM species, with implications for both basic science and the prospect of engineering this trait for agriculture.

59 BASIC BIOLOGICAL SCIENCES↗
DOE OSTI2023

Mastering the synergy between Na 3 V 2 (PO 4 ) 2 F 3 electrode and electrolyte: A must for Na-ion cells

Sodium-ion batteries are emerging as suitable energy storage devices for special applications such as high-power devices with the advantages of being cheaper and more sustainable than the Li-ion equivalents. The sodium ion cells consisting of polyanionic Na 3 V 2 (PO 4 ) 2 F 3 - hard carbon electrodes exhibit high power rate capabilities but limited cycle life, especially at high temperatures. To circumvent this drawback we herein conducted in-depth analyses of the origins of structural degradations occurring in Na 3 V 2 (PO 4 ) 2 F 3 electrodes upon long cycling. Vanadium dissolution with associated parasitic reactions is identified as one of the major reasons for cell failure. Its amount varies depending on the electrolyte, with NaTFSI-based electrolyte showing the least vanadium dissolution as the TFSI - anion decomposes without producing acidic impurities, in contrast to the NaPF 6 -based electrolyte. The dissolved vanadium species undergoes oxidation and reduction processes at the Na 3 V 2 (PO 4 ) 2 F 3 and HC electrodes, respectively, with the electrochemical signature of these processes being used as a fingerprint to identify state of health of the 18650 cells. Here, having found that surface reactivity is the primary cause of vanadium dissolution we provide methods to mitigate it by combining surface coating and optimized electrolyte formulation.

25 ENERGY STORAGE↗