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Search indexed NASA NTRS and DOE OSTI research on propulsion, heat transfer, battery materials and energy systems. Follow report and document links to the original sources.

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At least 721 records · Page 40
All sourcesNASA NTRSDOE OSTI
NASA NTRS2019

UAVSAR real-time embedded GPU processor

Synthetic aperture radar (SAR) can provide high-resolution imagery regardless of cloud cover or lighting conditions. These qualities make SAR potentially well-suited for informing response efforts to natural and man-made disasters, but such applications require data products with minimal latency. To meet this challenge, we implemented a real-time SAR processor capable of producing 10 m imagery using an NVIDIA Jetson TX2 embedded GPU module. With its low mass (87 g module) and power consumption under 8 W, the system also holds promise for spaceborne applications.

Tung, Wayne↗
NASA NTRSDate not supplied

A Prototype Early Planetary Organic Processor Assembly (OPA) Based on Dual-Stage Anaerobic Membrane Bioreactor (AnMBR) for Fecal and Food Waste Treatment and Resource Recovery

Long-duration, deep-space exploration and habitation missions demand robust and reliable technologies to ensure crew health, safety, and mission success. Local food production will be essential for crew nutrition and morale. However, at $10,000/lb, the payload costs and mass/volume limitations to transport and provide the necessary resources, including fertilizer, for an anticipated 30-month mission become challenging over time. For mission success and sustainability, the Environmental Control and Life Support System (ECLSS) of the near future will need to recover resources from all “waste” sources and be near-closed loop. Organic wastes (e.g., fecal and food) offer a renewable source of C, N, P, water and other trace elements necessary to sustain crop production. However, these high solidwastes are often difficult to treatdue to factors includingheterogeneity, complexity, high organic strength, and the presence of pathogens. To date, there is no flight-ready technology capable of treating mixed organic wastes, creating a technology gap for future space missions. To address this need, a prototype Organic Processor Assembly (OPA) was developed through collaboration between the University of South Florida (USF) and NASA’s Kennedy Space Center (KSC). The OPA is based on the anaerobic membrane bioreactor (AnMBR), a hybrid technology coupling high-rate anaerobic digestion with membrane filtration. The system is designed for an early planetary base (EPB) scenario to aid in closing the resource recovery loop and decreaseresupply dependence. This presentation discusses initial research pertaining to: 1) design challenges in maximizing hydraulic/organic throughputandReliability, Availability, Maintainability, and Safety(RAMS)while minimizingmass and volume; 2) create capabilities for treating simulated high solids waste under steady and non-steady state conditions; and 3) measuresolids performance parameter(s). Future research and development pertaining to further optimization on system operation, performance, and expanded treatment capabilities arepresented.

Bioreactor↗
NASA NTRS2022

Nutrient Limitation Predisposes A Cultivate of Burkholderia Contaminans From the ISS Water Processor Assembly to Biofilm Formation Under Simulated Microgravity.

The International Space Station (ISS) Water Processor Assembly (WPA) experiences intermittent dormancy between water recycling events thus promoting biofilm formation within the system. In this work we aimed to gain a deeper understanding of the impact of nutrient limitation on bacterial growth and biofilm formation under microgravity in support of biofilm mitigation efforts in exploration water recovery systems. A representative species of bacteria that is commonly cultured from the ISS WPA was cultured in an WPA influent water ersatz formulation tailored for microbiology studies. Burkholderia contaminans was cultured under a simulated microgravity (SµG) treatment in a vertically rotating high-aspect rotating vessel (HARV), with a rotating control (R) in the horizontal plane at the determined optimal rpm of 15 along with a stationary (S) control. At different time points, the bacterial culture and ersatz were harvested for bacterial counts, transcriptomic and nutrient content analyses. Under the test conditions, the culture under SµG treatment consumed the essential nutrients faster than the R and S control cultures in the early stage of growth, thus approaching a nutrient limited growth condition earlier than the controls. The rapid uptake and subsequent depletion of essential nutrients was further illustrated in the transcriptomic response of the SµG culture when compared to the transcriptomic response of the R and S control conditions. The observed starvation response may serve as one element to explain a moderate enhancement of biofilm formation in the SµG treatment. One implication of this investigation is that biofilm mitigation in the ISS environment could be supported by ensuring a steady flow of water as a vehicle for essential nutrients within the WPA to avoid complete consumption which occurs in times of no flow lending to undesired biofilm formation.

Angie Diaz↗
NASA NTRSDate not supplied

Development and Testing of a New Partial Gravity Urine Processor Design and Urine Pretreatment

The Planetary Urine Processor (PUP) is a urine distillation system for lunar or planetary applications, taking advantage of local gravity for phase separation as well as the movement and storage of waste feeds and distillate. The PUP utilizes a stationary evaporator with an integrated disposable bag to process urine and capture remaining precipitates. This system aims to increase water reclamation percentage to greater than 96%, reduce resource requirements, and enhance reliability and maintainability due to lower system complexity over the existing water recovery system on the International Space Station (ISS). This paper focuses on the hardware development, testing efforts, and the associated urine pretreatment development work.

Water Recovery↗
NASA NTRSDate not supplied

Development and Testing of a New Partial Gravity Urine Processor Design and Urine Pretreatment

The Planetary Urine Processor (PUP) is a urine distillation system for lunar or planetary applications, taking advantage of local gravity for phase separation as well as the movement and storage of waste feeds and distillate. The PUP utilizes a stationary evaporator with an integrated disposable bag to process urine and capture remaining precipitates. This system aims to increase water reclamation percentage to greater than 96%, reduce resource requirements, and enhance reliability and maintainability due to lower system complexity over the existing water recovery system on the International Space Station (ISS). This paper focuses on the hardware development, testing efforts, and the associated urine pretreatment development work.

Water Recovery↗
NASA NTRSDate not supplied

Sample Processor for Life on Icy Worlds (SPLIce): Monolithic Manifold-Based System to Recover, Prepare, and Deliver Samples and Standards to Instrumentation Suites for Ocean World Life-Search Missions

A claim of life detection on one of the solar system’s icy ocean worlds would necessitate extraordinarily convincing evidence. Limited energy availability in the oceans of such bodies as Europa and Enceladus argues for microbes as most probable among possible life forms, but evidence of their existence in the surface layers of an icy moon or in a frozen plume ejected into space could take various forms, pointing to instrumentation suites as a preferred means to detect diverse molecular and morphological life indicators. Multiple disparate categories of positive detections could provide truly convincing evidence from samples that may be only a few micro-liters. SPLIce’s Foundation. Teams led by NASA’s Ames Research Center have developed and operated numerous small, live-biology and astrobiology science payloads in space over two decades. Since 2016, we have adapted and augmented their biological sample-handling systems to create compact, robust search-for-life fluidic processors designed to function after a decade or more in transit, in environments with very little gravity and lots of radiation: up to 100’s of kilorads.

Instrumentation suite↗
DOE OSTI2024

Quantum frequency processor for provable cybersecurity

Methods of quantum key distribution include receiving a frequency bin photon at a location, selecting a frequency bin photon quantum key distribution measurement basis, with a quantum frequency processor, performing a measurement basis transformation on the received frequency bin photon so that the frequency bin photon is measurable in the selected frequency bin photon quantum key distribution measurement basis, and detecting the frequency bin photon in the selected quantum key distribution measurement basis and assigning a quantum key distribution key value based on the detection to a portion of a quantum key distribution key. Apparatus and methods for encoding, decoding, transmitting, and receiving frequency bin photons are disclosed.

Lukens, Joseph M.↗
NASA NTRS2005

On-board fault-tolerant SAR processor for spaceborne imaging radar systems

A real-time high-performance and fault-tolerant FPGA-based hardware architecture for the processing of synthetic aperture radar (SAR) images has been developed for advanced spaceborne radar imaging systems. In this paper, we present the integrated design approach, from top-level algorithm specifications, system architectures, design methodology, functional verification, performance validation, down to hardware design and implementation.

imaging Radar↗
NASA NTRS2013

Onboard Radar Processor Development for Disaster Response

Natural hazards often result in significant loss of human lives, economic assets and productivity as well as significant damage to the ecosystem. Scientists have reported more frequent and intense natural disasters in recent years, which may well be attributed to climate change. Many of the disaster response efforts were hampered by lack of up-to-date knowledge of the state of the affected areas because damaged infrastructure rendered the areas inaccessible. Radar remote sensing is playing an increasingly critical role in providing timely information to disaster response agencies due to the increasing fidelity and availability of geospatial information products.

VV (vertical transmit and vertical receive)↗
NASA NTRS1997

High-Performance Software Emulation of 1750A Processor

We describe a software emulator of the MIL-STD-1750A architecture that executes 1750A code at a rate of about 4 MIPS on a Sun 200MHz Ultra2 work-station, and effectively several times faster than that when application-specific optimizations are used.

1750A↗