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DOE OSTI2023

FES 2023 Theory & Simulation Performance Target

The Report for the 2023 Theory & Simulation Performance Target (TSPT) is presented herein. The 1st, 2nd and 3rd Quarter Reports are given in Sec. I, Sec. II and Sec. III. These are unchanged from those previously submitted, except that in this final document the equations, figures and citations have been automatically renumbered. The 4th Quarter Report is given in Sec. IV. The following material presents verification calculations of several widely used three-dimensional (3D) magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) equilibrium codes in strongly shaped configurations; for both fixed and free-boundary equilibria; for the so-called vacuum case and for the case of high plasma pressure; and, for magnetic fields that have nested magnetic surfaces and for fields that have a magnetic island. The configurations studied includes the recently discovered “precise-QA” case [Phys. Rev. Lett., 128, 035001 (2002)] and other highly optimized configurations. Because of the strong (extreme) shaping, the latter of these pose challenges to the 3D MHD codes. A new method is introduced for constructing coordinates in arbitrarily shaped toroidal domains, and this can improve the robustness of 3D equilibrium calculations. Beyond the equilibrium calculation, this report demonstrates the capability of performing non-linear extended-MHD modelling of optimized stellarator equilibria. This capability allows the assessment not only of linear stability thresholds but also of the nonlinear evolution of unstable equilibria to new configurations that might be far from the original configuration, with significantly different transport properties and magnetic topology. They also enable the self-consistent determination of pressure profiles in non-integrable magnetic topology through the use of highly anisotropic thermal-transport equations. The calculations presented here represent the first demonstration of extended-MHD calculations in strongly-shaped, optimized quasi-symmetric configurations.

70 PLASMA PHYSICS AND FUSION TECHNOLOGY↗

DOE OSTI2020

Optimal Heliostat Assignment Strategy for Multiple-Receiver Systems

Next-generation concentrating solar power concepts currently being developed under the U.S. Department of Energy's Gen3 program include several novel heliostat field and receiver arrangements. Among these concepts are solar fields utilizing multiple receivers or several distinct receiver flux control zones, and each of which has particular power or peak flux constraints. In this paper, we present a linear program that identifies optimal heliostat-to-receiver assignment strategies for multi-receiver or multi-zone solar fields based on detailed calculations made by an optics modeling package. Two distinct problems are addressed: namely, (1) a design problem that chooses the optimal set of heliostats to include in a final layout given receiver constraints and performance, and (2) an operations problem that assigns existing heliostats to a receiver, maximizing field power output while maintaining receiver power constraints. The optimization methodology is integrated into the concentrating solar power tower modeling package SolarPILOTTM, and results are presented showing that heliostat assignment strategies can impact both initial heliostat field layout characteristics and the cost of thermal energy produced by the field. The methodology succeeds in maintaining power requirements but at the expense of producing different flux profiles on each receiver surface. Consequently, the paper also discusses additional measures that are applied to ensure that desirable flux distribution properties are maintained, reducing local flux mean-absolute-deviation values from a baseline of 17% or greater to less than 5% compared to a desired reference flux profile.

41 EE - Solar Energy Technologies Office (EE-4S)↗

DOE OSTI2017

Dynamic Price Vector Formation Model-Based Automatic Demand Response Strategy for PV-Assisted EV Charging Stations

A real-time price (RTP)-based automatic demand response (ADR) strategy for PV-assisted electric vehicle (EV) Charging Station (PVCS) without vehicle to grid is proposed. The charging process is modeled as a dynamic linear program instead of the normal day-ahead and real-time regulation strategy, to capture the advantages of both global and real-time optimization. Different from conventional price forecasting algorithms, a dynamic price vector formation model is proposed based on a clustering algorithm to form an RTP vector for a particular day. A dynamic feasible energy demand region (DFEDR) model considering grid voltage profiles is designed to calculate the lower and upper bounds. A deduction method is proposed to deal with the unknown information of future intervals, such as the actual stochastic arrival and departure times of EVs, which make the DFEDR model suitable for global optimization. Finally, both the comparative cases articulate the advantages of the developed methods and the validity in reducing electricity costs, mitigating peak charging demand, and improving PV self-consumption of the proposed strategy are verified through simulation scenarios.

14 SOLAR ENERGY↗

DOE OSTI2020

Development of a Beam Halo Monitor

Muons, Inc. proposed improved Residual-Gas luminescent Beam Profile Monitors for Intense Beams by adding novel features including a mirascope, a light collecting device devised in the 16th century by an inventor of the telescope. A modern mirascope consists of 2 paraboloids. Light generated by the beam is collected by the paraboloids and creates a beam image. By placing a lens near the image it is possible to collect almost 100% of the emitted light, up to ten times better than existing fluorescence profilometers. Intense (multi-MW) proton beams pose a challenge for beam profile measurements. Solid-based beam intercepting instrumentation produces unallowable levels of radiation at these high powers. An alternative is to use a zero-or-low mass device such as a residual-gas profile monitor, either through collection of ionization or fluorescence. Fluorescence has an intrinsic advantage over the usual collection of ionized electrons in that it is not affected by the strong and variable electric and magnetic fields created by the beam that can distort profiles and make calibration difficult. For this reason, we proposed the fluorescence technique using the mirascope and other methods to enhance light collection and versatility by modifying the residual gas and its spatial distribution. In Phase I, we designed a mirascope and its electronics for commissioning and beam tests in a proposed Phase II. The design was based on optical simulations done in Phase I, and a physics run plan was developed for optimizing and testing. The Phase II experimental site and program have been planned and our goal is to produce a universal low cost Mirascope Residual-Gas Luminescent Beam Profile Monitor that can replace all other profile monitors currently used in accelerators.

43 PARTICLE ACCELERATORS↗

DOE OSTI2026

Prototype Modeling for a Light-Trapping Planar-Cavity Enclosed Particle Solar Receiver

Concentrating solar thermal (CST) systems present a promising avenue for affordable and reliable energy production. Solar receivers are key components that determine the efficiency and longevity of these systems. Particle-based solar receivers have emerged as a compelling alternative to traditional technologies, offering several advantages that address limitations in current CST systems. This is especially true as next-generation CST technologies target applications including electricity generation, thermochemical processes, and industrial process heat, many of which necessitate higher operating temperatures than current commercial molten salt systems. Molten-salt thermal energy storage (TES) systems, commonly used in CSP, face challenges related to freezing and corrosion. Particle-based TES systems, in contrast, do not experience these issues, as particles are stable at high temperatures, exceeding 1000 degrees Celsius. This capability allows for a wider range of applications, including those requiring higher temperatures for industrial processes and efficient electricity generation. A novel innovation in particle-based solar receiver technology is the light-trapping planar cavity receiver (LTPCR) configuration developed by NREL. The LTPCR design consists of small cavity-like structures using opaque planar surfaces, enabling efficient capture and absorption of solar energy. A high incident flux concentration at the cavity aperture is absorbed on the receiver walls, and subsequently transferred to particles on the inside of cavities. The particles flow through the system, forming a fluidized bed inside of the receiver panels, effectively capturing the absorbed solar heat. Air is used as a fluidizing medium in this process to enhance particle heat transfer and mixing. The effectiveness of this design lies in its ability to manage solar flux conditions and ensure high solar-to-thermal receiver efficiency. A 100-kW prototype is currently being tested at the King Saud University in Saudi Arabia to assess the receiver performance. A range of modeling analyses for the optical, thermal, and mechanical effects were conducted to assess the performance of the receiver under on-sun conditions. The solar flux resulting from the KSU heliostat field was modeled using NREL SolTrace software and produced up to 600 kW/m2 at the receiver aperture. The solar flux absorbed on the receiver walls was then used within a computational fluid dynamics (CFD) model to predict wall temperature distributions along with radiation and convection loss. A two-phase CFD model was developed for the fluidized bed of silica sand inside the receiver panels to predict local wall-to-particle heat transfer coefficients, particle temperature distributions, and outlet temperature of the particles. We have also conducted analyses to understand the thermomechanical behavior of these innovative enclosed light-trapping solar receivers optimized for particle heating. We used finite element analysis (FEA) to predict the receiver's performance using temperature distributions obtained from CFD and based on the resulting stress profiles, evaluated creep-fatigue damage with a goal of achieving a 30-year service life. Analysis showed a significant impact of the particle-to-wall heat transfer coefficients (HTCs) on receiver performance, with higher HTCs resulting in reduced stress and increased lifespan. For instance, when using Inconel 740H, increasing the HTC from 800 W/m2 K to 1400 W/m2 K increased the creep life from 4,000 hours to over 100,000 hours. This highlights the importance of understanding and optimizing heat transfer in the design of high-efficiency receivers.

14 SOLAR ENERGY↗

DOE OSTI2018

A deterministic method for PWR loading pattern optimization

A new deterministic approach to core loading optimization is presented. Selection of fuel enrichment and burnable poison (BP) arrangement in a pressurized water reactor (PWR) core are optimally determined subject to power peaking factor (PF) constraints. The deterministic approach is based on the method of Lagrange multipliers and the direct adjoining approach for the inequality power PF constraint. The optimality conditions are derived using calculus of variations resulting in the presence of jump conditions and a linear control Hamiltonian. The optimal control problems are addressed by simultaneously minimizing the Hamiltonian using the gradient method and performing Newton's method in different regions of the core to produce viable solutions for the controls. Without active control of the power profile in PWRs during depletion, our methodology is able to satisfy the power PF constraint at all times by proper loading selection at the beginning of cycle (BOC). This is achieved by promoting the proper burnup path forward in time during the calculation of the forward optimality conditions. Here this information is utilized in the adjoint burnup calculation, which acts to propagate the optimal control path back to the BOC during the calculation of the adjoint optimality conditions. The methodology has been developed into a new code DMCO (Deterministic Multi-Control Optimization) which can produce two-dimensional two-group depletion results in approximately seven minutes per optimization iteration on a personal computer. No application of heuristics is required and the code is capable of finding solutions from initial control distributions. A preliminary case study is presented for the Westinghouse AP600 first cycle fuel loading design which achieved an extended fuel cycle while satisfying power PF constraints.

21 SPECIFIC NUCLEAR REACTORS AND ASSOCIATED PLANTS↗

NASA NTRSDate not supplied

Culture-Independent Fungal Profiling for the International Space Station using Nanopore Sequencing: Method Development

Microbial monitoring of the International Space Station (ISS) environment is a crew health requirement that encompasses both bacterial and fungal identification. To achieve this currently, culture-based methods are used for sample collection, and these samples must be returned to the laboratory for analysis. The use of culture and the need for sample return to Earth results in a bias toward culturable organisms and causes a significant delay between sample collection and delivery of final data (weeks to months), respectively. Recently, advancements in molecular technology have aided a broad range of applications, including medical, industrial, and basic sciences. Additionally, increases in portability and ease-of-use of molecular platforms have provided point-of-use capabilities demonstrated by the miniPCR thermal cycler (miniPCR bio) and the MinION sequencer (Oxford Nanopore Technologies). Together, these devices have been applied to, and validated for, the identification of bacteria onboard the ISS. Building on this work, we have developed a spaceflight-compatible fungal workflow. Molecular-based fungal analysis is complicated by low biomass, difficult-to-lyse spores, debate regarding the region for taxonomic assignment, and the lack of bioinformatic pipelines and reference databases. To overcome these difficulties, primers yielding an ~ 2 Kb amplicon were validated against a wide range of ISS fungal isolates. The current spaceflight library preparation was substantially optimized, a bioinformatic pipeline was created, and refinements to the UNITE database were implemented. To compare this optimized method to the current culture-based standard, 30 sample sets (60 total swabs, two swabs held in tandem) were evaluated. Parallel fungal profiles were obtained between the two methods, with the culture-independent method revealing increased diversity. The addition of this method to the already established bacterial process fulfills the crew health identification requirement. Moreover, the implementation of this method onboard ISS will enhance our understanding of its unique fungal microbiome.

Hang N. Nguyen↗

DOE OSTI2019

Discovery and Lead-Optimization of 4,5-Dihydropyrazoles as Mono-Kinase Selective, Orally Bioavailable and Efficacious Inhibitors of Receptor Interacting Protein 1 (RIP1) Kinase

RIP1 kinase regulates necroptosis and inflammation and may play an important role in contributing to a variety of human pathologies, including inflammatory and neurological diseases. Currently, RIP1 kinase inhibitors have advanced into early clinical trials for evaluation in inflammatory diseases such as psoriasis, rheumatoid arthritis, and ulcerative colitis and neurological diseases such as amyotrophic lateral sclerosis and Alzheimer’s disease. Here, we report on the design of potent and highly selective dihydropyrazole (DHP) RIP1 kinase inhibitors starting from a high-throughput screen and the lead-optimization of this series from a lead with minimal rat oral exposure to the identification of dihydropyrazole 77 with good pharmacokinetic profiles in multiple species. Additionally, we identified a potent murine RIP1 kinase inhibitor 76 as a valuable in vivo tool molecule suitable for evaluating the role of RIP1 kinase in chronic models of disease. DHP 76 showed efficacy in mouse models of both multiple sclerosis and human retinitis pigmentosa.

37 INORGANIC, ORGANIC, PHYSICAL, AND ANALYTICAL CH↗

DOE OSTI2020

Sample spinning to mitigate polarization artifact and interstitial-vacancy imbalance in ion-beam irradiation

Accelerator-based ion-beam irradiation has been widely used to mimic the effects of neutron radiation damage in nuclear reactors. However, ion radiation is most often monodisperse in the incoming ions’ momentum direction, leading to excessive polarization in defect distribution, while the scattering under neutron irradiation is often more isotropic and has less radiation-induced polarization. Mitigation of the excess-polarization as well as the damage non-uniformity artifact might be crucial for making the simulation of neutron radiation by ion-beam radiation more realistic. In this work, a general radiation polarization theory in treating radiation as external polar stimuli is established to understand the natural material responses in different contexts, and the possibility to correct the defect polarization artifact in ion-beam irradiation. Inspired by Magic Angle Spinning in Nuclear Magnetic Resonance, we present a precise sample spinning strategy to reduce the point-defect imbalance effect in ion-beam irradiation. It can be seen that with optimized surface inclination angle and the axis of sample rotation, the vacancy-interstitial population imbalance, as well as the damage profile non-uniformity in a designated region in the target are both reduced. It is estimated that sample spinning frequency on the order of kHz should be sufficient to scramble the ion momentum monodispersity for commonly taken ion fluxes and dose rates, which is experimentally feasible.

36 MATERIALS SCIENCE↗

DOE OSTI2022

Investigating key cell types and molecules dynamics in PyMT mice model of breast cancer through a mathematical model

The most common kind of cancer among women is breast cancer. Understanding the tumor microenvironment and the interactions between individual cells and cytokines assists us in arriving at more effective treatments. Here, we develop a data-driven mathematical model to investigate the dynamics of key cell types and cytokines involved in breast cancer development. We use time-course gene expression profiles of a mouse model to estimate the relative abundance of cells and cytokines. We then employ a least-squares optimization method to evaluate the model’s parameters based on the mice data. The resulting dynamics of the cells and cytokines obtained from the optimal set of parameters exhibit a decent agreement between the data and predictions. We perform a sensitivity analysis to identify the crucial parameters of the model and then perform a local bifurcation on them. The results reveal a strong connection between adipocytes, IL6, and the cancer population, suggesting them as potential targets for therapies.

59 BASIC BIOLOGICAL SCIENCES↗

NASA NTRS1984

Alternative gravity-assist sequences for the ISEE-3 escape trajectory

The International Sun-Earth Explorer-3 (ISEE-3) was moved from its mission halo orbit upstream of the earth's magnetosphere on June 10, 1982. Multiple lunar swingby maneuvers were then used to shape the trajectory for extensive exploration of the distant geomagnetic tail and finally to place the spacecraft on a course that will intercept the comet Giacobini-Zinner on September 11, 1985. With this new mission objective, the spacecraft was renamed the International Cometary Explorer (ICE). A double-lunar-swingby control technique involving five passes by the moon was eventually implemented to accomplish this, but in the process of finding this solution several feasible, though less optimal, alternative trajectory sequences implementing the same procedure were discovered. This paper provides a descriptive comparison of these very different orbital profiles and serves to illustrate the utility and great flexibility of this orbital control procedure. Targeting methodology for finding constrained solutions in this space is also presented.

Muhonen, D.↗

NASA NTRS2012

Highlights of TOMS Version 9 Total Ozone Algorithm

The fundamental basis of TOMS total ozone algorithm was developed some 45 years ago by Dave and Mateer. It was designed to estimate total ozone from satellite measurements of the backscattered UV radiances at few discrete wavelengths in the Huggins ozone absorption band (310-340 nm). Over the years, as the need for higher accuracy in measuring total ozone from space has increased, several improvements to the basic algorithms have been made. They include: better correction for the effects of aerosols and clouds, an improved method to account for the variation in shape of ozone profiles with season, latitude, and total ozone, and a multi-wavelength correction for remaining profile shape errors. These improvements have made it possible to retrieve total ozone with just 3 spectral channels of moderate spectral resolution (approx. 1 nm) with accuracy comparable to state-of-the-art spectral fitting algorithms like DOAS that require high spectral resolution measurements at large number of wavelengths. One of the deficiencies of the TOMS algorithm has been that it doesn't provide an error estimate. This is a particular problem in high latitudes when the profile shape errors become significant and vary with latitude, season, total ozone, and instrument viewing geometry. The primary objective of the TOMS V9 algorithm is to account for these effects in estimating the error bars. This is done by a straightforward implementation of the Rodgers optimum estimation method using a priori ozone profiles and their error covariances matrices constructed using Aura MLS and ozonesonde data. The algorithm produces a vertical ozone profile that contains 1-2.5 pieces of information (degrees of freedom of signal) depending upon solar zenith angle (SZA). The profile is integrated to obtain the total column. We provide information that shows the altitude range in which the profile is best determined by the measurements. One can use this information in data assimilation and analysis. A side benefit of this algorithm is that it is considerably simpler than the present algorithm that uses a database of 1512 profiles to retrieve total ozone. These profiles are tedious to construct and modify. Though conceptually similar to the SBUV V8 algorithm that was developed about a decade ago, the SBUV and TOMS V9 algorithms differ in detail. The TOMS algorithm uses 3 wavelengths to retrieve the profile while the SBUV algorithm uses 6-9 wavelengths, so TOMS provides less profile information. However both algorithms have comparable total ozone information and TOMS V9 can be easily adapted to use additional wavelengths from instruments like GOME, OMI and OMPS to provide better profile information at smaller SZAs. The other significant difference between the two algorithms is that while the SBUV algorithm has been optimized for deriving monthly zonal means by making an appropriate choice of the a priori error covariance matrix, the TOMS algorithm has been optimized for tracking short-term variability using month and latitude dependent covariance matrices.

Bhartia, Pawan↗

NASA NTRS2014

Comparison of the Results of MISSE 6 Atomic Oxygen Erosion Yields of Layered Kapton H Films with Monte Carlo Computational Predictions

A space experiment flown as part of the Materials International Space Station Experiment 6B (MISSE 6B) was designed to compare the atomic oxygen erosion yield (Ey) of layers of Kapton H polyimide with no spacers between layers with that of layers of Kapton H with spacers between layers. The results were compared to a solid Kapton H (DuPont, Wilmington, DE) sample. Monte Carlo computational modeling was performed to optimize atomic oxygen interaction parameter values to match the results of both the MISSE 6B multilayer experiment and the undercut erosion profile from a crack defect in an aluminized Kapton H sample flown on the Long Duration Exposure Facility (LDEF). The Monte Carlo modeling produced credible agreement with space results of increased Ey for all samples with spacers as well as predicting the space-observed enhancement in erosion near the edges of samples due to scattering from the beveled edges of the sample holders.

Oxygen atoms↗

NASA NTRS2023

UAM Instrument Flight Procedure Design and Evaluation in the Joby Flight Simulator

NASA’s Advanced Air Mobility (AAM) National Campaign (NC) partnered with Joby Aviation to test and evaluate different developmental candidate Urban Air Mobility (UAM) Instrument Flight Procedure (IFP) designs including new departure, enroute, approach and missed approach architectures using Joby’s high-fidelity engineering aircraft simulator. In conjunction with the simulator testing, this effort also evaluated related aspects such as charting, coding, and adherence to flight planning criteria. The test objectives were to assess the safety, efficiency, passenger comfort and noise of the different variations of the developmental IFPs. Safety-related measures include clearance from terrain and vertical obstructions, procedure flyability, and flight path conformance. Efficiency-related measures included time required, airspace volume required, and battery energy required. Passenger comfort and ride quality measures include roll/pitch angles, roll/pitch attitude change rates, and airspeeds prior to aggressive maneuvers, subjective pilot/passenger responses and acceleration forces. The noise impacts of the different IFPs will be interpolated/extrapolated using data from the simulator fed into a separate Joby acoustic software-based tool. Overall, several tradeoffs were identified and characterized between the different variations of the developmental IFP profiles. No single version of the developmental IFP structure scored highest across all measures listed above; rather, different IFP variations proved optimal for different measures, confirming that the best IFP depends on which specific measures are prioritized for a given aircraft, location and operation.

National Campaign↗

NASA NTRS2010

NASA Tech Briefs, April 2010

Topics covered include: Active and Passive Hybrid Sensor; Quick-Response Thermal Actuator for Use as a Heat Switch; System for Hydrogen Sensing; Method for Detecting Perlite Compaction in Large Cryogenic Tanks; Using Thin-Film Thermometers as Heaters in Thermal Control Applications; Directional Spherical Cherenkov Detector; AlGaN Ultraviolet Detectors for Dual-Band UV Detection; K-Band Traveling-Wave Tube Amplifier; Simplified Load-Following Control for a Fuel Cell System; Modified Phase-meter for a Heterodyne Laser Interferometer; Loosely Coupled GPS-Aided Inertial Navigation System for Range Safety; Sideband-Separating, Millimeter-Wave Heterodyne Receiver; Coaxial Propellant Injectors With Faceplate Annulus Control; Adaptable Diffraction Gratings With Wavefront Transformation; Optimizing a Laser Process for Making Carbon Nanotubes; Thermogravimetric Analysis of Single-Wall Carbon Nanotubes; Robotic Arm Comprising Two Bending Segments; Magnetostrictive Brake; Low-Friction, Low-Profile, High-Moment Two-Axis Joint; Foil Gas Thrust Bearings for High-Speed Turbomachinery; Miniature Multi-Axis Mechanism for Hand Controllers; Digitally Enhanced Heterodyne Interferometry; Focusing Light Beams To Improve Atomic-Vapor Optical Buffers; Landmark Detection in Orbital Images Using Salience Histograms; Efficient Bit-to-Symbol Likelihood Mappings; Capacity Maximizing Constellations; Natural-Language Parser for PBEM; Policy Process Editor for P(sup 3)BM Software; A Quality System Database; Trajectory Optimization: OTIS 4; and Computer Software Configuration Item-Specific Flight Software Image Transfer Script Generator.

Source record↗

DOE OSTI2024

Improving I/O-aware Workflow Scheduling via Data Flow Characterization and trade-off Analysis

The scientific computing paradigm has transitioned from compute-intensive to I/O-intensive and memory-intensive in the past decade, especially when data-driven science has become common practice. Numerous empirical I/O-aware scheduling optimizations have been developed by incorporating I/O capacity and bandwidth as constraints into scheduling. Unfortunately, there is a lack of data flow (I/O) characterization tool and an understanding of trade-offs between concurrency, locality, and I/O bandwidth. To bridge the gap, this work 1) presents a set of descriptors to characterize, organize, and visualize I/O profiles, including flow size, I/O bandwidth, and operation count, which group data flows by I/O types, tasks, and files; 2) proposes an I/O Roofline model-based trade-off analysis to find the optimal trade-off between flow operational intensity, concurrency, and flow performance. The I/O descriptors generate useful insights into complicated I/O behaviors, suggesting distinct concurrency, storage, and scheduling to be used by types, tasks, and files. The proposed trade-off analysis guides scheduling decisions that generate resource assignment with the best flow parallelism. We evaluate our I/O-aware scheduling methodology on a highly I/O-intensive workflow–1000 Genomes. The experimental results demonstrate speedups of up to 2.4× compared to the state-of-the- art methods.

Guo, Luanzheng [BATTELLE (PACIFIC NW LAB)]↗

NASA NTRSDate not supplied

James Webb Space Telescope Navigation Optimization Challenges

This paper details the orbit determination, solar radiation pressure (SRP) modeling, and station-keeping maneuver planning for the NASA James Webb Space Telescope during the routine science phase of the mission. The complexities of SRP modeling driven by the vehicle’s large area, attitude profile, and attitude constraints for maneuver execution entail unique challenges for spaceflight navigation. The techniques utilized to combine predictive attitude and maneuver targeting modeling were refined using the experiences and data accumulated during and following the commissioning phase. The Navigation Team at NASA Goddard Space Flight Center’s Flight Dynamics Facility responded to these challenges and implemented methods for trajectory optimization and improving maneuver efficiency.

Flight Dynamics↗

NASA NTRSDate not supplied

James Webb Space Telescope Navigation Optimization Challenges

Flight Dynamics↗