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Search indexed NASA NTRS and DOE OSTI research on propulsion, heat transfer, battery materials and energy systems. Follow report and document links to the original sources.

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At least 127 records · Page 7
All sourcesNASA NTRSDOE OSTI
DOE OSTI2023

TEAMER - Acoustic Particle Velocity Measurements - CRADA 601 (Abstract)

With relatively few deployments of tidal turbines, the extent and effect of underwater sounds generated from these turbines is not well understood. The University of Washington (UW) is deploying a cross-flow turbine system, the Turbine Lander, in the entrance channel to Sequim Bay. The deployment of this system provides an opportunity to understand the noise radiated by the turbine and its sources. There are three hypothesized sound sources associated with operation of the turbine: 1) a continuous tone associated with energized power electronics; 2) sound associated with the generator when the turbine is rotating; and 3) sound associated with the bearing pack that supports the rotor. PNNL is collaborating with UW and Integral Consulting Inc. (Integral) to simultaneously measure sound sources using three different devices. The NoiseSpotter®, an acoustic sensor system designed by Integral, measures acoustic pressure and a three-dimensional particle velocity vector. The NoiseSpotter, along with a commercial-off-the-shelf acoustic particle motion and pressure sensor (M20-105, Geospectrum Technologies Inc.) owned by PNNL will be deployed on the seabed approximately 50-100 m from the Turbine Lander. UW will concurrently deploy Drifting Acoustic Instrumentation SYstems (DAISYs) to characterize acoustic pressure near the Turbine Lander and localize sounds using a Time Delay of Arrival (TDOA) algorithm. Integral, UW, and PNNL will collaborate on data analysis and interpretation, with the intention of jointly authoring an archival paper on the results. The noise generated from the Turbine Lander is not expected to be significant, yet this experiment will help to evaluate the efficacy of combining technologies to characterize noise and provide insights for approaches to consider for future turbine deployments at other locations.

16 TIDAL AND WAVE POWER↗
DOE OSTI2023

Transactive Campus Energy Systems: An R&D Testbed for Renewalables Integration, Efficiency, and Grid Services - CRADA 356 (Abstract)

Under this Cooperative Research and Development Agreement (CRADA), the project team consisting of Pacific Northwest National Laboratory (PNNL), acting on behalf of the U.S. Department of Energy, and the University of Washington (UW) and Washington State University (WSU), acting under the purview of the State of Washington’s Department of Commerce (the “industrial” partner), will connect the PNNL, UW, and WSU campuses to form a multi-campus test bed for transaction-based energy management – transactive – solutions (see sidebar). Building on the foundational transactive system established by the Pacific Northwest Smart Grid Demonstration (PNWSGD), it is proposing to construct the test bed as both a regional flexibility resource and as a platform for R&D on buildings/grid integration and information-based energy efficiency.

24 POWER TRANSMISSION AND DISTRIBUTION↗
DOE OSTI2024

Accelerating Engineered Microbe Optimization through Machine Learning and Multi-Omics Datasets [Abstract]

The Agile Biofoundry (ABF) is a multi-national lab consortium funded by the DOE Bioenergy Technologies Office that has developed a biofoundry enabling the rapid deployment of bioproducts into the market. The ABF is a flexible platform that can adjust to the needs of numerous government, academic and industrial partners, thus enabling them to rapidly develop and optimize the production of a wide range of bioproducts. To demonstrate this capability, three ABF labs (NTESS, LBNL, and PNNL) have collaborated with the biomanufacturer Lygos, Inc. to use the ABF to demonstrate a high-throughput Design-Build-Test-Learn (DBTL) engineering cycle incorporating multi-omics analysis and machine learning with best in industry cycle times.

60 APPLIED LIFE SCIENCES↗
DOE OSTI2024

Advanced Algal Biofoundries for the Production of Polyurethane Precursors [Abstract]

The collaboration between PNNL, LBNL, and UCSD will develop novel algae bioproduction platforms for the generation of polymer precursors. To achieve this, we will design and construct genetic tools for enhanced production of target chemicals. Biosensors will be developed to detect target chemical production. We will expand our knowledge of metabolic and regulatory systems that control or inhibit biosynthesis of the target molecules, and use this knowledge base to optimize production titers. Finally, we will integrate the knowledge gained from each activity to produce a set of the most promising production strains used to demonstrate the economic viability of producing polymer precursors in algal bioproduction platforms at scale under either heterotrophic or photosynthetic growth.

60 APPLIED LIFE SCIENCES↗
DOE OSTI2024

Development of a Sulfur Tolerant CHG Process [Abstract]

The goal of this project is to overcome CHG catalyst sulfur poisoning to enable commercially viable CHG processing of HTL aqueous waste streams with reasonable catalyst turn-over rates. If successful, several of the following objectives will be achieved. (1) Identification and confirmation of the efficacy of sulfur-tolerant catalyst for the conversion of soluble organics in HTL aqueous byproduct to methane or hydrogen. (2) Demonstration of long-term stability of sulfur tolerant catalysts. (3) Identification and exercise of a means to produce larger quantities of the promising catalyst (i.e., sufficient catalyst for a CHG system with a through put of 10 to 20 L/h of aqueous byproduct) (4) Demonstration of the technical feasibility of a novel sulfur removal process and approach for scale up and application.

12 MANAGEMENT OF RADIOACTIVE AND NON-RADIOACTIVE W↗
DOE OSTI2024

Simultaneous flow of zero-carbon and conventional fuel liquids through Trans-Alaska Pipeline System [Abstract]

The purpose of this CRADA is to address key technical challenges specific to the transport of ammonia, a promising carbon-free fuel and hydrogen-carrier, through crude oil pipelines. Specifically, the project seeks to develop novel technologies for preparing liquid ammonia/ hydrocarbon mixtures for the dual purpose of (i) pipeline transport, and (ii) developing advanced marine fuel blends. By demonstrating compatibility with the Trans-Alaskan Pipeline System (TAPS) ammonia/oil blends may improve access to stranded natural gas and help overcome low-flow issues associated with declining oil productivity. In Alaska, this technology enhances the capabilities of TAPS allowing it to function as a statewide “Hydrogen Highway” for exporting green or blue ammonia. This is strategically important for Alaska which lacks statewide electrical transmission infrastructure but contains vast renewable and fossil resources located in remote regions with few local markets. Nationally, Alaska-sourced green (hydropower) or blue ammonia has the potential to improve reliability of a Pacific Northwest hydrogen storage hub as a hydrogen-carrier by helping to overcome seasonality of green hydrogen produced from solar or wind energy. Globally, this technology project has significant potential to improve the safety and efficacy of ammonia-rich fuel compositions for use in maritime propulsion and other mid-sized engines.

08 HYDROGEN↗
DOE OSTI2024

Lead-Bismuth Small Modular Reactor (SMR) Licensing Development [Abstract]

The Columbia Basin Consulting Group (CBCG) is developing an advanced reactor cooled by Lead-Bismuth (Pb-Bi). The design is being developed for a high level of passive safety. It has the advantages of the classical liquid metal (sodium) reactor, i.e. small size and passive safety, while having the additional advantage of chemically inert coolant.

21 SPECIFIC NUCLEAR REACTORS AND ASSOCIATED PLANTS↗
DOE OSTI2024

BiomeProbe [Abstract]

We propose the development and application of a microtiter plate-based chemical probe assay that can facilitate the rapid quantification of fecal microbiome-associated enzyme functional activities (“gut pharmacomicrobiomics”). Our initial proof-of-concept project with FedImpact is to show that one or more glucuronidase probes can be used for sensitive and reproducible characterization of fecal microbe glucuronidase activities. Glucuronidase enzymes are important for contributing to enterohepatic recycling of therapeutic drug compounds, resulting in impaired or prolonged drug activity. Importantly, the assay to be developed will permit facile ‘swapping’ of chemical probes to characterize different and multiple enzyme activities. Similarly, the assay is naïve to the biological sample to be analyzed.

59 BASIC BIOLOGICAL SCIENCES↗
DOE OSTI2024

Manufacturing Supply Chain Development for Modular Solar-Thermochemical Conversion Platform [Abstract]

We will develop a tunable pulsed electron source capable of generating variable intensity highly-focused electron pulses at high repetition rates. Specifically, we need to demonstrate a high-speed variable electron gun capable of generating a variable intensity electron pulse containing between 102 and 105 electrons with an accelerating voltage of 1kV focused into a spot size <100nm in diameter at with a pulse rate >10MHz (with path to 300MHz). This combined performance cannot be achieved by commercially available electron sources. The primary technology path selected for this work will be to use a photocathode approach, where an easily modulated UV laser is used to stimulate electron emission. The approach utilizes the advances made in the development of the Dynamic TEM (DTEM), though this project will be simpler in that the pulse intensity is lower and there is no requirement for coherency. Alternate paths, including using a traditional electron beam modulated using a v-shaped slit and electrostatically deflecting the beam to adjust intensity; will also be considered for future capabilities. The electron source will then be used generate optically stimulated luminescence (OSL) in lithium fluoride (LiF) substrates to demonstrate the potential for OSL to serve as a basis technology for next generation data storage systems.

42 ENGINEERING↗
DOE OSTI2024

Advancing Continuous Manufacturing of Metal Organic Frameworks [Abstract]

InnaVenture has succeeded in developing a pilot-scale facility implementing a radically new concept for synthesis of metal-organic framework (MOF) materials based upon a patent-pending evaporative aerosolization-condensation process developed at PNNL. The successful synthesis of kilogram quantities of Ni-MOF-74 in InnaVenture’s facility represents a major step in the advancement of MOFs from being novelty materials to industrial adsorbents. Using this approach, fifteen kilograms of Ni-MOF-74 were synthesized for use in a demonstration adsorption chiller developed for the U.S. Navy. However, the evaporative condensation method for MOF synthesis has so far only been demonstrated for synthesizing MOFs under conditions where the reactants are part of a single homogeneous liquid phase solvent system. For InnaVenture to expand opportunities to support broader commercial applications of MOFs and related nanoporous materials (e.g., metal-aromatic frameworks (MAFs), covalent organic frameworks (COFs)), extension of the method to heterogeneous mixed phase conditions is essential. Examples of commercially promising MOFs that require such synthesis conditions include but are not limited to MIL-101, MIL-88B, MIL-100, MOF-801, MIL-160, MOF-841, and many others. InnaVenture has also informed PNNL that they need to address problems with the low density of MOF particles being generated in their fluidized reactor system. The purpose of this effort is to address both of these challenges.

36 MATERIALS SCIENCE↗
DOE OSTI2023

Understanding the impacts of elevated CO2 and vapor pressure deficit on tree mortality - CRADA 599 (Abstract)

Many studies have examined the effects of rising CO2 on gas exchange and growth of plants. However, concurrent with the rise in CO2 has been the rise in temperature and associated drying of the atmosphere, or vapor pressure deficit (VPD), which increases tree mortality. Little attention has been given to the net outcome of these antagonistic drivers of plant performance. The net balance of rising CO2 and VPD upon plant and ecosystem function is possibly the largest uncertainty in model projections of the terrestrial carbon and water cycles. The purpose of this CRADA is to improve our predictive understanding of tree mortality under our changing environment. We will collaborate with WSU to provide a mechanistic understanding of the relative impacts of CO2 and VPD on tree mortality that scales across the globe. Ultimately, we will understand the potential impacts and mechanisms underlying CO2 and VPD responses and will enable improved prediction of future tree mortality.

54 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES↗
DOE OSTI2023

Oxide Dispersion Strengthened Ferritic Steel Wire Feedstock Development for Large Format Additive Manufacturing - CRADA 620 (Abstract)

This CRADA project funded through DOE’s INFUSE program seeks to demonstrate the viability of fabricating large, complex parts from oxide dispersion strengthened (ODS) steel with advanced manufacturing. Exhibiting excellent radiation tolerance and high mechanical performance at elevated temperatures, ODS steel is a promising structural material candidate for near-plasma components in fusion energy systems. Its use, however, has been limited by a lack of manufacturability. This project will seek to produce ODS steel wire through a solid-state shear assisted extrusion process and then demonstrate that the wire can undergo controlled local melting while being welded with the final part sufficiently retaining the beneficial properties of ODS steel. This would allow the use of wire-arc additive manufacturing (WAAM) to manufacture large-scale ODS parts, even though ODS is currently only available as a powder. WAAM is a promising technique for producing components like the replaceable ARC vacuum vessel in CFS’ fusion reactor design. Meanwhile, this project will also expand PNNL’s capability in producing custom wire feedstock with friction extrusion, enabling downstream large-scale manufacturing with WAAM and solid-state based additive manufacturing.

36 MATERIALS SCIENCE↗
DOE OSTI2024

Analyze the Composition of Materials Through the Use of Characterization Instruments - CRADA 621 (Abstract)

The purpose of this project is to conduct collaborative research involving the analysis of the composition of materials using characterization instruments. The materials will be synthesized in the Nuclear Chemistry Facility in Fulmer Hall and analyzed using instruments both at WSU and PNNL. This research requires the use of several characterization instruments, namely a Biotage SEL-2SW Flash Chromatograph, a Jasco UV-Visible Near-IR V-770 spectrometer, and a Jasco FT/IT-6700 Research Spectrometer, in the Nuclear Chemistry Facility of the WSU-PNNL Nuclear Science and Technology Institute (NSTI) in Fulmer Hall on the WSU Pullman campus.

38 RADIATION CHEMISTRY, RADIOCHEMISTRY, AND NUCLEA↗
DOE OSTI2024

Scaling Up: Demonstrating Risk Reduction and Cost Compression for Commercial Heat Pump Water Heaters - CRADA 625 (Abstract)

Commercial heat pump water heater (CHPWH) systems significantly decarbonize the commercial and multifamily sectors by eliminating the reliance on gas-fired water heating. CHPWH systems are also well suited to include load shift controls that enable load-up and shed commands for supporting grid reliability and time-of-use pricing structure. However, they have not had wide adoption due to factors including price, complexity, and perceived risk. Although CHPWHs have been available in the US for decades, they have not made significant market gains in part because the systems have required significant and costly engineering design expertise and proved lackluster performance. Successful widespread market adoption requires a different approach; a shift from the current custom specialized expertise project design and installation to a repeatable approach that requires little specialized knowledge or expertise and can deliver persistent performance. Using this type of holistic systems approach requires effectively integrating four CHPWH system key components: primary air-to-water heat pumps; primary thermal storage tanks, a temperature maintenance system, and a control system which has capabilities to manage the primary heat pump cycles, any back-up, supplemental, or temperature maintenance heating, alarms, and grid connectivity allowing for demand response (DR), and/or load shifting. The project team has developed and will implement a suite of tools to support faster, less expensive, and more reliable field installations of CHPWH technology and with the resulting data used to further improve the tool set. These tools include: (1) A tool for optimizing system size and costs. (2) A tool that predicts annual energy use and overall system efficiency. (3) The Advanced Water Heater Specification (AWHS 8.0) defining the components of a full CHPWH system addressing performance requirements by climate zone. (4) The Qualified Products List: (QPL) of approved products that meet the specifications requirements. (5) Training materials including online on-demand modules, instructor-led training, and virtual interactive video tours of CHPWH installations in multifamily buildings. Demonstration site identification in low-income buildings in underserved communities is currently underway. Preliminarily, the team anticipates having three demonstrations in the Pacific Northwest and three in the Northeast for a total of six sites. After the demonstration sites are finalized, and M&V instrumentation installations are complete, the team will gather performance data and confirm whether the CHPWH systems perform as predicted and use the data to improve the existing tools.

32 ENERGY CONSERVATION, CONSUMPTION, AND UTILIZATI↗
DOE OSTI2023

ICP-MS For Analysis of Lithium Isotopic Ratios in Materials Highly Enriched in 7Li - CRADA 626 (Abstract)

The purpose of this project is to develop analytical methods that can be deployed for analysis of lithium isotope enrichment products. One method involves rapid, high-throughput, relatively low precision analysis for direct monitoring of enrichment processes. A second method involves slower, but more precise analysis of final products of the enrichment process. We will use commercially available analytical equipment (quadrupole base inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry and multi-collector magnetic sector inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry) so that the analytical methods developed can be applied broadly.

07 ISOTOPE AND RADIATION SOURCES↗
DOE OSTI2024

An Ultra-Stable Reference Electrode as In-Situ System Diagnostics Tool for Redox Flow Batteries - CRADA 634 (Abstract)

The objective of the proposed project is to develop and demonstrate an ultra-stable reference electrode (RE) technology as an in-situ system diagnostics tool integrated in kW scaled commercial vanadium redox flow battery (VRFB) stacks for long-duration energy storage (LDES) applications and to advance its commercialization, with expected cell reliability enhancement in stack life increase of 6-10 % and levelized cost of storage (LCOS) reduction of 5-8 %. In this project, PNNL will partner with Stryten Energy LLC, with a total budget of $250K and 50% cost share for one year.

25 ENERGY STORAGE↗
DOE OSTI2024

Optically Stimulated Luminescence Data Storage (Abstract)

We will develop a tunable pulsed electron source capable of generating variable intensity highly-focused electron pulses at high repetition rates. Specifically, we need to demonstrate a high-speed variable electron gun capable of generating a variable intensity electron pulse containing between 102 and 105 electrons with an accelerating voltage of 1kV focused into a spot size <100nm in diameter at with a pulse rate >10MHz (with path to 300MHz). This combined performance cannot be achieved by commercially available electron sources. The primary technology path selected for this work will be to use a photocathode approach, where an easily modulated UV laser is used to stimulate electron emission. The approach utilizes the advances made in the development of the Dynamic TEM (DTEM), though this project will be simpler in that the pulse intensity is lower and there is no requirement for coherency. Alternate paths, including using a traditional electron beam modulated using a v-shaped slit and electrostatically deflecting the beam to adjust intensity; will also be considered for future capabilities. The electron source will then be used generate optically stimulated luminescence (OSL) in lithium fluoride (LiF) substrates to demonstrate the potential for OSL to serve as a basis technology for next generation data storage systems.

42 ENGINEERING↗