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Results for “Infinite-dimensional optimization”

Search indexed NASA NTRS and DOE OSTI research on propulsion, heat transfer, battery materials and energy systems. Follow report and document links to the original sources.

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At least 19 records

Optimal quasi-static shape control for large aerospace antennae

In this paper, an on-line control approach which will adjust the steady-state shape of a large antenna arbitarily close to any achievable desired profile is proposed. The method makes use of distributed parameter system theory and allows refocusing using a limited number of control actuators and sensors. The controller gains are calculated by approximating the solution to an infinite-dimensional optimal quasi-static control problem. A very general convergence result for such quasi-static controllers is proved and applied to the antenna controller to show convergence, using any Galerkin (finite-element) approximation method.

Balas, M. J.↗

Suboptimal shape control for quasi-static distributed-parameter systems

An on-line control approach which will adjust the steady-state shape of a large antenna arbitrarily close to any achievable desired profile is approached. The method makes use of distributed-parameter system theory and allows refocusing using a limited number of control actuators and sensors. The controller gains are calculated by approximating the solution to an infinite-dimensional optimal quasi-static control problem. The controller gain calculation is computationally simpler than that previously proposed. The Galerkin (finite element) approximation method is used for model reduction. It is proved that both gain and state convergence can be achieved by using the proposed approximation scheme.

Balas, M. J.↗

An approximation technique for computing optimal fixed-order controllers for infinite-dimensional systems

The finite-dimensional approximation of the infinite-dimensional Bernstein/Hyland optimal projection theory is investigated analytically. The approach yields fixed-finite-order controllers which are optimal with respect to high-order approximating finite-dimensional plant models. The technique is illustrated by computing a sequence of first-order controllers for a one-dimensional SISO parabolic (heat/diffusion) system using a spline-based Ritz-Galerkin finite-element approximation. The numerical studies indicate convergence of the feedback gains with less than 2-percent performance degradation over full-order LQG controllers.

Bernstein, Dennis S.↗

Optimal feedback control of infinite-dimensional parabolic evolution systems - Approximation techniques

A general approximation framework is discussed for computation of optimal feedback controls in linear quadratic regular problems for nonautonomous parabolic distributed parameter systems. This is done in the context of a theoretical framework using general evolution systems in infinite dimensional Hilbert spaces. Conditions are discussed for preservation under approximation of stabilizability and detectability hypotheses on the infinite dimensional system. The special case of periodic systems is also treated.

Banks, H. T.↗

Numerical approximation for the infinite-dimensional discrete-time optimal linear-quadratic regulator problem

An abstract approximation framework is developed for the finite and infinite time horizon discrete-time linear-quadratic regulator problem for systems whose state dynamics are described by a linear semigroup of operators on an infinite dimensional Hilbert space. The schemes included the framework yield finite dimensional approximations to the linear state feedback gains which determine the optimal control law. Convergence arguments are given. Examples involving hereditary and parabolic systems and the vibration of a flexible beam are considered. Spline-based finite element schemes for these classes of problems, together with numerical results, are presented and discussed.

Gibson, J. S.↗

Numerical approximation for the infinite-dimensional discrete-time optimal linear-quadratic regulator problem

An abstract approximation framework is developed for the finite and infinite time horizon discrete-time linear-quadratic regulator problem for systems whose state dynamics are described by a linear semigroup of operators on an infinite dimensional Hilbert space. The schemes included the framework yield finite dimensional approximations to the linear state feedback gains which determine the optimal control law. Convergence arguments are given. Examples involving hereditary and parabolic systems and the vibration of a flexible beam are considered. Spline-based finite element schemes for these classes of problems, together with numerical results, are presented and discussed.

Gibson, J. S.↗

A method for designing robust multivariable feedback systems

A new methodology is developed for the synthesis of linear, time-invariant (LTI) controllers for multivariable LTI systems. The aim is to achieve stability and performance robustness of the feedback system in the presence of multiple unstructured uncertainty blocks; i.e., to satisfy a frequency-domain inequality in terms of the structured singular value. The design technique is referred to as the Causality Recovery Methodology (CRM). Starting with an initial (nominally) stabilizing compensator, the CRM produces a closed-loop system whose performance-robustness is at least as good as, and hopefully superior to, that of the original design. The robustness improvement is obtained by solving an infinite-dimensional, convex optimization program. A finite-dimensional implementation of the CRM was developed, and it was applied to a multivariate design example.

Milich, David Albert↗

Finite-dimensional approximation for optimal fixed-order compensation of distributed parameter systems

In controlling distributed parameter systems it is often desirable to obtain low-order, finite-dimensional controllers in order to minimize real-time computational requirements. Standard approaches to this problem employ model/controller reduction techniques in conjunction with LQG theory. In this paper we consider the finite-dimensional approximation of the infinite-dimensional Bernstein/Hyland optimal projection theory. This approach yields fixed-finite-order controllers which are optimal with respect to high-order, approximating, finite-dimensional plant models. The technique is illustrated by computing a sequence of first-order controllers for one-dimensional, single-input/single-output, parabolic (heat/diffusion) and hereditary systems using spline-based, Ritz-Galerkin, finite element approximation. Numerical studies indicate convergence of the feedback gains with less than 2 percent performance degradation over full-order LQG controllers for the parabolic system and 10 percent degradation for the hereditary system.

Bernstein, Dennis S.↗

A method for designing robust multivariable feedback systems

A new methodology is developed for the synthesis of linear, time-invariant (LTI) controllers for multivariable LTI systems. The aim is to achieve stability and performance robustness of the feedback system in the presence of multiple unstructured uncertainty blocks; i.e., to satisfy a frequency-domain inequality in terms of the structured singular value. The design technique is referred to as the causality recovery methodology (CRM). Starting with an initial (nominally) stabilizing compensator, the CRM produces a closed-loop system whose performance-robustness is at least as good as, and hopefully superior to, that of the original design. The robustness improvement is obtained by solving an infinite-dimensional, convex optimization program. A finite-dimensional implementation of the CRM was developed, and it was applied to a multivariate design example.

Milich, David A.↗

A methodology for the synthesis of robust feedback systems

A new methodology is developed for the synthesis of linear, time-variant (LTI) controllers for multivariable LTI systems. The resulting closed-loop system is nominally stable and exhibits a known level of performance. In addition, robustness of the feedback system is guaranteed, i.e., stability and performance are retained in the presence of multiple unstructured uncertainty blocks located at various points in the feedback loop. The design technique is referred to as the Causality Recovery Methodology (CRM). The CRM relies on the Youla parameterization of all stabilizing compensators to ensure nominal stability of the feedback system. A frequency-domain inequality in terms of the structured singular value mu defines the robustness specification. The optimal compensator, with respect to the mu condition, is shown to be noncausal in general. The aim of the CRM is to find a stable, causal transfer function matrix that approximates the robustness characteristics of the optimal solution. The CRM, via a series of infinite-dimensional convex programs, produces a closed-loop system whose performance robustness is at least as good as that of any initial design. The algorithm is approximated by a finite dimensional process for the purposes of implementation. Two numerical examples confirm the potential viability of the CRM concept; however, the robustness improvement comes at the expense of increased computational burden and compensator complexity.

Milich, David Albert↗

Stochastic control of infinite dimensional systems in Hilbert space: A factorization perspective

A factorization perspective on problems of optimal causal estimation and optimal causal control of linear stochastic systems defined on an infinite-dimensional Hilbert space is presented. A separation principle is derived for the case in which the system input/output map is generated by an abstract evolution operator. The factorization formalism allows for an essentially algebraic approach to these problems.

Milman, Mark M.↗

Davidon-Broyden rank-one minimization methods in Hilbert space with application to optimal control problems

The Davidon-Broyden class of rank one, quasi-Newton minimization methods is extended from Euclidean spaces to infinite-dimensional, real Hilbert spaces. For several techniques of choosing the step size, conditions are found which assure convergence of the associated iterates to the location of the minimum of a positive definite quadratic functional. For those techniques, convergence is achieved without the problem of the computation of a one-dimensional minimum at each iteration. The application of this class of minimization methods for the direct computation of the solution of an optimal control problem is outlined. The performance of various members of the class are compared by solving a sample optimal control problem. Finally, the sample problem is solved by other known gradient methods, and the results are compared with those obtained with the rank one quasi-Newton methods.

Straeter, T. A.↗

Optimum testing of multiple hypotheses in quantum detection theory

The problem of specifying the optimum quantum detector in multiple hypotheses testing is considered for application to optical communications. The quantum digital detection problem is formulated as a linear programming problem on an infinite-dimensional space. A necessary and sufficient condition is derived by the application of a general duality theorem specifying the optimum detector in terms of a set of linear operator equations and inequalities. Existence of the optimum quantum detector is also established. The optimality of commuting detection operators is discussed in some examples. The structure and performance of the optimal receiver are derived for the quantum detection of narrow-band coherent orthogonal and simplex signals. It is shown that modal photon counting is asymptotically optimum in the limit of a large signaling alphabet and that the capacity goes to infinity in the absence of a bandwidth limitation.

Yuen, H. P.↗

The linear quadratic optimal control problem for infinite dimensional systems over an infinite horizon - Survey and examples

Available published results are surveyed for a special class of infinite-dimensional control systems whose evolution is characterized by a semigroup of operators of class C subscript zero. Emphasis is placed on an approach that clarifies the system-theoretic relationship among controllability, stabilizability, stability, and the existence of a solution to an associated operator equation of the Riccati type. Formulation of the optimal control problem is reviewed along with the asymptotic behavior of solutions to a general system of equations and several theorems concerning L2 stability. Examples are briefly discussed which involve second-order parabolic systems, first-order hyperbolic systems, and distributed boundary control.

Bensoussan, A.↗

Infinite-dimensional approach to system identification of Space Control Laboratory Experiment (SCOLE)

The identification of a unique set of system parameters in large space structures poses a significant new problem in control technology. Presented is an infinite-dimensional identification scheme to determine system parameters in large flexible structures in space. The method retains the distributed nature of the structure throughout the development of the algorithm and a finite-element approximation is used only to implement the algorithm. This approach eliminates many problems associated with model truncation used in other methods of identification. The identification is formulated in Hilbert space and an optimal control technique is used to minimize weighted least squares of error between the actual and the model data. A variational approach is used to solve the problem. A costate equation, gradients of parameter variations and conditions for optimal estimates are obtained. Computer simulation studies are conducted using a shuttle-attached antenna configuration, more popularly known as the Space Control Laboratory Experiment (SCOLE) as an example. Numerical results show a close match between the estimated and true values of the parameters.

Hossain, S. A.↗

Optimal control problems with mixed control-phase variable equality and inequality constraints

In this paper, necessary conditions are obtained for optimal control problems containing equality constraints defined in terms of functions of the control and phase variables. The control system is assumed to be characterized by an ordinary differential equation, and more conventional constraints, including phase inequality constraints, are also assumed to be present. Because the first-mentioned equality constraint must be satisfied for all t (the independent variable of the differential equation) belonging to an arbitrary (prescribed) measurable set, this problem gives rise to infinite-dimensional equality constraints. To obtain the necessary conditions, which are in the form of a maximum principle, an implicit-function-type theorem in Banach spaces is derived.

Makowski, K.↗

A Mathematical Formulation of the SCOLE Control Problem. Part 2: Optimal Compensator Design

The study initiated in Part 1 of this report is concluded and optimal feedback control (compensator) design for stability augmentation is considered, following the mathematical formulation developed in Part 1. Co-located (rate) sensors and (force and moment) actuators are assumed, and allowing for both sensor and actuator noise, stabilization is formulated as a stochastic regulator problem. Specializing the general theory developed by the author, a complete, closed form solution (believed to be new with this report) is obtained, taking advantage of the fact that the inherent structural damping is light. In particular, it is possible to solve in closed form the associated infinite-dimensional steady-state Riccati equations. The SCOLE model involves associated partial differential equations in a single space variable, but the compensator design theory developed is far more general since it is given in the abstract wave equation formulation. The results thus hold for any multibody system so long as the basic model is linear.

Balakrishnan, A. V.↗

Controller synthesis for infinite dimensional systems based on a passivity approach

The author discusses a generalization of hyperstability to systems in Hilbert space and its application to finite-dimensional stabilizing compensator design. The basic idea is to characterize tolerable perturbations in terms of the passivity of the nominal closed-loop system. Controllers achieving the required closed-loop passivity property can then be designed using H(infinity)-optimization. In particular, the author presents a design procedure for a stabilizing a finite-dimensional compensator for a given infinite-dimensional system.

Wen, John T.↗