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Results for “VISUAL CONTROL”

Search indexed NASA NTRS and DOE OSTI research on propulsion, heat transfer, battery materials and energy systems. Follow report and document links to the original sources.

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At least 19 records
All sourcesNASA NTRSDOE OSTI
NASA NTRS1990

Modeling the pilot in visually controlled flight

The simplest model for a human operator is a gain with a time delay. However, there have been no comprehensive studies evaluating human control strategies in visually controlled flight. The results of preliminary studies on this topic are described. Human visually guided flight control is important both in low-level flight, where it predominates, and in higher-altitude flights, where instrument failure is always a potential danger. Two general approaches to this problem, one founded on high-order perceptual psychophysics and the other on control systems engineering, are described. Initial results show that the use of control engineering modeling techniques, together with a psychophysical analysis of information in the perspective scene, holds promise for capturing the manual control strategies used during visual flight.

Johnson, Walter W.↗
NASA NTRS1991

Modeling the pilot in visually controlled flight

The simplest model for a human operator is a gain with a time delay. However, there have been no comprehensive studies evaluating human control strategies in visually controlled flight. The results of preliminary studies on this topic are described. Human visually guided flight control is important both in low level flight, where it predominates, and in higher altitude flights, where instrument failure is always a potential danger. Two general approaches to this problem, one founded on high order perceptual psychophysics and the other on control systems engineering, are described. Initial results show that the use of control engineering modeling techniques, together with a psychophysical analysis of information in the perspective scene, holds promise for capturing the manual control strategies used during visual flight.

Johnson, Walter W.↗
NASA NTRS1962

VISUAL CONTROL OF RENDEZVOUS

Space rendezvous involving human occupants will be required in many phases of space flight. In order that rendezvous capability be concurrent with other phases of manned space flight to insure that such tasks as the rotation and addition of crews for manned space station, supply of stations and launching complexes for deep-space probes, and the emergency rescue of personnel may be carried out, it is desirable to determine the ability of a human pilot to control the rendezvous maneuver. The National Aeronautics and Space Administration has conducted a study program to determine vehicle requirements and control techniques for a number of proposed methods for performing piloted space rendezvous. The final step in each phase of the rendezvous study program has been a simulation of the man-machine combination to test its feasibility. Initially, an analytical study was conducted to determine a range of conditions that would exist at the beginning of the terminal phase of rendezvous (ref. 1). Piloted systems were investigated for rendezvous control using these initial conditions. One such study of piloted rendezvous in which all the required control information was displayed to the simulator pilot on instruments is presented in reference 2. While the control of the rendezvous maneuver by use of the instrument display was shown to be feasible, the sufficiently accurate measurement of the necessary information to operate the instrument was realized to be a difficult problem. Consideration was therefore given to the possibility of maneuvering range and range rate required for the control of the rendezvous from visual sightings made during the initial control application. To provide this capability, an analytical study was made. This analytical study, presented in reference 3, derived three techniques for obtaining range and range rate visually and conducted a simplified preliminary situation to test the three analytical techniques. The study reported herein is a continuation of the simulation work begun in reference 3, and is aimed at determining the ability of a pilot to use visual information to reduce or eliminate the need for some or all of the data that would normally be displayed on instruments.

Rendezvous↗
NASA NTRS2011

Spacecraft Guidance, Navigation, and Control Visualization Tool

G-View is a 3D visualization tool for supporting spacecraft guidance, navigation, and control (GN&C) simulations relevant to small-body exploration and sampling (see figure). The tool is developed in MATLAB using Virtual Reality Toolbox and provides users with the ability to visualize the behavior of their simulations, regardless of which programming language (or machine) is used to generate simulation results. The only requirement is that multi-body simulation data is generated and placed in the proper format before applying G-View.

Mandic, Milan↗
DOE OSTI2023

pmartR 2.0 : A Quality Control, Visualization, and Statistics Pipeline for Multiple Omics Datatypes

The pmartR (https://github.com/pmartR/pmartR) package was designed for the quality control (QC) and analysis of mass spectrometry (MS) data, tailored to specific characteristics of proteomic (isobaric or labelled), metabolomic, and lipidomic datasets. Since its initial release, the tool has been expanded to address the needs of its growing userbase and now includes QC and statistics for nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) metabolomic data, and leverages the DESeq2, edgeR, and limma-voom R packages for some transcriptomic data analyses. These improvements have made progress towards a unified omics processing pipeline for ease of reporting and streamlined statistical purposes. The package’s statistics and visualization capabilities have also been expanded by adding support for paired data and by integrating pmartR with the trelliscopejs R package for the quick creation of trellis displays (https://github.com/hafen/trelliscopejs). Here, we present relevant examples of each of these enhancements to pmartR and highlight how each new feature benefits the omics community.

59 BASIC BIOLOGICAL SCIENCES↗
NASA NTRS1987

The visual control of simulated altitude

The ability of a subject flying an experimental flight to use the different sources of visual information by looking at the vertical tracking error was investigated using a 3 (altitude) x 3 (texture) x 2 (replication) factorial design. Each subject flew these 18 flights in the same partially counterbalanced order, constructed such that there was one flight at each of the three altitudes, and over each of the three surface textures within each successive set of three flights. The three ground-surface textures used consisted of meridian, latitudinal, and square textures described by Wolpert et al. (1983). The results showed that, in displays where only splay information was available, the subjects tended to confuse lateral motion with vertical.

Johnson, Walter W.↗
DOE OSTI2015

DaMoScope and its internet graphics for the visual control of adjusting mathematical models describing experimental data

The experience of using the dynamic atlas of the experimental data and mathematical models of their description in the problems of adjusting parametric models of observable values depending on kinematic variables is presented. The functional possibilities of an image of a large number of experimental data and the models describing them are shown by examples of data and models of observable values determined by the amplitudes of elastic scattering of hadrons. The Internet implementation of an interactive tool DaMoScope and its interface with the experimental data and codes of adjusted parametric models with the parameters of the best description of data are schematically shown. The DaMoScope codes are freely available.

71 CLASSICAL AND QUANTUM MECHANICS, GENERAL PHYSIC↗
NASA NTRS1994

The 4-D approach to visual control of autonomous systems

Development of a 4-D approach to dynamic machine vision is described. Core elements of this method are spatio-temporal models oriented towards objects and laws of perspective projection in a foward mode. Integration of multi-sensory measurement data was achieved through spatio-temporal models as invariants for object recognition. Situation assessment and long term predictions were allowed through maintenance of a symbolic 4-D image of processes involving objects. Behavioral capabilities were easily realized by state feedback and feed-foward control.

Dickmanns, Ernst D.↗
NASA NTRS1989

Visually guided control of self motion

A workshop entitled 'Visually Guided Control of Movement' was held at NASA Ames Research Center on June 26 - July 14, 1989. The workshop brought together individuals with diverse backgrounds related to the areas of the visual perception and control of motion. During the workshop, participants designed and conducted experiments using NASA Ames flight simulation research facilities. These studies contrasted participants' alternative theoretical approaches to the visual control of self motion. Panel members, drawn from the workshop's participants, will discuss their approaches to the study of the control of self motion and will present interpretations of the outcomes of the workshop.

Hettinger, Lawrence J.↗
DOE OSTI2019

Development of a Real-Time Mobility Control and Visualization System with Predictive Vehicle Speed Control for Connected and Automated Vehicles (CAVs)

The Oak Ridge National Laboratory is developing a cloud-based platform for the deployment and evaluation of mobility- and efficiency-oriented connected and automated vehicles (CAVs) applications that will include fundamental data management, communications and visualization elements. This system will serve as a data portal, providing indirect communications that are relevant to efficiency applications, and can be used for both real world CAVs deployments and virtual systems that allow evaluation of new CAVs applications and algorithms. Predictive vehicle speed control algorithms have been developed and will be integrated with the real-time queryable transportation database and geospatial platform to achieve optimized energy efficiency and improved traffic flow in off-freeway driving. This paper describes the technology and summarizes evaluations being conducted for a corridor in Chattanooga, Tennessee, where the technology is expected to be initially deployed. To evaluate the fuel savings resulting from the vehicle speed control and the RTMCS data framework, vehicle powertrain simulations will be completed using results from a calibrated microscopic traffic model.

Laclair, Tim↗
NASA NTRS1994

SAVA 3: A testbed for integration and control of visual processes

The development of an experimental test-bed to investigate the integration and control of perception in a continuously operating vision system is described. The test-bed integrates a 12 axis robotic stereo camera head mounted on a mobile robot, dedicated computer boards for real-time image acquisition and processing, and a distributed system for image description. The architecture was designed to: (1) be continuously operating, (2) integrate software contributions from geographically dispersed laboratories, (3) integrate description of the environment with 2D measurements, 3D models, and recognition of objects, (4) capable of supporting diverse experiments in gaze control, visual servoing, navigation, and object surveillance, and (5) dynamically reconfiguarable.

Crowley, James L.↗
NASA NTRS1989

Cooperative control of visual displays for telemanipulation

Two cooperative control schemes for telerobot visual displays are addressed. In the first scheme, on-the-screen visual enhancements such as reference lines indicating the vertical height of the robot hand, a stick figure model of the robot hand, and its projection on the horizontal grid plane are constructed by the interactive cooperation between the human operator and the telerobotic system, and then superimposed on the video screen. Experimental results with a five-degree-of-freedom robot and a frame grabber indicate that superimposition of visual enhancements on the video screen greatly improves telemanipulation task performance. In the second scheme, the position and orientation of an object on video screens are determined interactively; these then assist the telerobotic system in executing the human operator's task-level commands autonomously.

Kim, Won S.↗
NASA NTRS1991

Visually Guided Control of Movement

The papers given at an intensive, three-week workshop on visually guided control of movement are presented. The participants were researchers from academia, industry, and government, with backgrounds in visual perception, control theory, and rotorcraft operations. The papers included invited lectures and preliminary reports of research initiated during the workshop. Three major topics are addressed: extraction of environmental structure from motion; perception and control of self motion; and spatial orientation. Each topic is considered from both theoretical and applied perspectives. Implications for control and display are suggested.

Johnson, Walter W.↗
NASA NTRS1972

A shuttle and space station manipulator system for assembly, docking, maintenance, cargo handling and spacecraft retrieval (preliminary design). Volume 2: Concept development and selection

The overall program background, the various system concepts considered, and the rationale for the selected design are described. The concepts for each subsystem are also described and compared. Details are given for the requirements, boom configuration and dynamics, actuators, man/machine interface and control, visual system, control system, environmental control and life support, data processing, and materials.

Source record↗
DOE OSTI2014

Uveal Melanoma Treated With Iodine-125 Episcleral Plaque: An Analysis of Dose on Disease Control and Visual Outcomes

Purpose: To investigate, in the treatment of uveal melanomas, how tumor control, radiation toxicity, and visual outcomes are affected by the radiation dose at the tumor apex. Methods and Materials: A retrospective review was performed to evaluate patients treated for uveal melanoma with {sup 125}I plaques between 1988 and 2010. Radiation dose is reported as dose to tumor apex and dose to 5 mm. Primary endpoints included time to local failure, distant failure, and death. Secondary endpoints included eye preservation, visual acuity, and radiation-related complications. Univariate and multivariate analyses were performed to determine associations between radiation dose and the endpoint variables. Results: One hundred ninety patients with sufficient data to evaluate the endpoints were included. The 5-year local control rate was 91%. The 5-year distant metastases rate was 10%. The 5-year overall survival rate was 84%. There were no differences in outcome (local control, distant metastases, overall survival) when dose was stratified by apex dose quartile (<69 Gy, 69-81 Gy, 81-89 Gy, >89 Gy). However, increasing apex dose and dose to 5-mm depth were correlated with greater visual acuity loss (P=.02, P=.0006), worse final visual acuity (P=.02, P<.0001), and radiation complications (P<.0001, P=.0009). In addition, enucleation rates were worse with increasing quartiles of dose to 5 mm (P=.0001). Conclusions: Doses at least as low as 69 Gy prescribed to the tumor apex achieve rates of local control, distant metastasis–free survival, and overall survival that are similar to radiation doses of 85 Gy to the tumor apex, but with improved visual outcomes.

62 RADIOLOGY AND NUCLEAR MEDICINE↗