EIC Detector 1 Tracking Detector Updates and Plan
Explore the source record for details and available documents.
Atomic, Nuclear and Particle Physics↗
SEARCH · Search NASA
Results for “tracking detectors”
Search indexed NASA NTRS and DOE OSTI research on propulsion, heat transfer, battery materials and energy systems. Follow report and document links to the original sources.
Quote a phrase for an exact phrase match. Source license links do not imply unrestricted reuse.
Forward silicon tracking detector developments for the future Electron-Ion Collider
Explore the source record for details and available documents.
Atomic, Nuclear and Particle Physics↗
Advanced silicon tracking detector developments for the future Electron-Ion Collider
The proposed Electron-Ion Collider (EIC) will operate high-luminosity high-energy electron+proton and electron+nucleus collisions at the collision energies from 20 GeV to 141 GeV to solve several fundamental questions in the high energy and nuclear physics fields. Its instantaneous luminosity can reach 10 33-34 cm -2 s -1 and the bunching crossing rate is around 10 ns. The EIC project has received CD1 approval from the US DOE in 2021 and moves toward the machine design and preparation for construction. To realize various particle measurements with high precision at the future EIC, a low material-budget and high-granularity silicon vertex and tracking detector with fine spatial and momentum resolutions and nearly 4π solid angle coverage is desired. The Monolithic Active Pixel Sensor (MAPS) and AC Coupled Low Gain Avalanche Diode (AC-LGAD) technologies stand out of several advanced technology options for the EIC silicon vertex and tracking detector subsystems. The MAPS technology has advanced features of low material budget, low power consumption, good radiation resistance and fine spatial resolution. The AC-LGAD technology can achieve fast timing resolution. Latest studies and progress of the EIC silicon vertex and tracking detector conceptual design, performance validations in simulation and ongoing MAPS and AC-LGAD R&D will be shown. Furthermore, schedule and plan of the EIC project detector development will be discussed as well.
46 INSTRUMENTATION RELATED TO NUCLEAR SCIENCE AND ↗
The straw tracking detector for the Fermilab Muon g-2 Experiment
The Muon g-2 Experiment at Fermilab uses a gaseous straw tracking detector to make detailed measurements of the stored muon beam profile, which are essential for the experiment to achieve its uncertainty goals. Positrons from muon decays spiral inward and pass through the tracking detector before striking an electromagnetic calorimeter. The tracking detector is therefore located inside the vacuum chamber in a region where the magnetic field is large and non-uniform. As such, the tracking detector must have a low leak rate to maintain a high-quality vacuum, must be non-magnetic so as not to perturb the magnetic field and, to minimize energy loss, must have a low radiation length. The performance of the tracking detector has met or surpassed the design requirements, with adequate electronic noise levels, an average straw hit resolution of (110 ± 20) μm, a detection efficiency of 97% or higher, and no performance degradation or signs of aging. The tracking detector's measurements result in an otherwise unachievable understanding of the muon's beam motion, particularly at early times in the experiment's measurement period when there are a significantly greater number of muons decaying. This is vital to the statistical power of the experiment, as well as facilitating the precise extraction of several systematic corrections and uncertainties. This paper describes the design, construction, testing, commissioning, and performance of the tracking detector.
46 INSTRUMENTATION RELATED TO NUCLEAR SCIENCE AND ↗
Precision inclusive Higgs physics at e+e- colliders with tracking detectors and without calorimetry
A primary goal of a future e + e - collider program will be the precision measurement of Higgs boson properties. For practical reasons it is of interest to determine the minimal set of detector specifications required to reach this and other scientific goals. Here we investigate the precision obtainable for the e + e - Zh μ + μ - X inclusive cross section and the Higgs boson mass using the di-muon recoil method, considering a detector that has only an inner tracking system within a solenoidal magnetic field, surrounded by many nuclear interaction lengths of absorbing material, and an outer muon identification system. We find that the sensitivity achievable in these measurements with such a tracking detector is only marginally reduced compared to that expected for a general purpose detector with additional electromagnetic and hadronic calorimeter systems. The difference results mainly from multi-photon backgrounds that are not as easily rejected with tracking detectors. We also comment on the prospects for an analogous measurement of the e + e - → Zh → e + e - X inclusive cross section. Finally, we study searches for light scalars utilizing the di-muon recoil method, estimating the projected reach with a tracking or general purpose detector.
71 CLASSICAL AND QUANTUM MECHANICS, GENERAL PHYSIC↗
Search for anomalons using plastic nuclear track detectors
A stack of CR39 track detectors containing Ag foils was exposed to 1.7 GeV/nucleon Fe-56 beam and the anomalous mean free path effect investigated. Neither the whole set of 7517 nor a subset of 2542 interacting fragments produced probably in the Ag target show an effect. By combining the data of this and an earlier experiment we can also exclude an effect for 3219 interacting fragments produced in delta Z=1 collisions.
Heinrich, W.↗
Alignment of the straw tracking detectors for the Fermilab Muon $g − 2$ experiment and systematic studies for a muon electric dipole moment measurement
The Fermilab Muon $g-2$ experiment is currently preparing for its fourth data-taking period (Run-4). The experiment-wide effort on the analysis of Run-1 data is nearing completion, with the announcement of the first result expected in the coming months. The final goal of the experiment is to determine the muon magnetic anomaly to a precision of 140 ppb. This level of precision will provide indirect evidence of new physics, if the central value agrees with the previously-measured value of the magnetic anomaly. Essential in reducing the systematic uncertainty, through measurements of the muon beam profile, are the in-vacuum straw tracking detectors. A crucial prerequisite in obtaining accurate distributions of the beam profile is the internal alignment of the tracking detectors, which is described in this thesis. As a result of this position calibration, the tracking efficiency has increased by 3%, while the track quality increased by 4%. This thesis also discusses an additional measurement that will be made using the tracking detectors: a search for an electric dipole moment (EDM) of the muon, through the direct detection of an oscillation in the average vertical angle of the electron from the muon decay. An observation of a muon EDM would be evidencemore » of new physics and would provide a new source of CP violation in the charged lepton sector. Essential in measuring the EDM are accurate and precise estimations of potential non-zero radial and longitudinal magnetic fields, which were estimated using the Run-1 data. In addition, a preliminary analysis using the Run-1 data was undertaken to estimate the available precision for the magnetic anomaly measurement using the tracking detectors.« less
46 INSTRUMENTATION RELATED TO NUCLEAR SCIENCE AND ↗
Calibration of plastic track detectors for use in cosmic ray experiments
Plastic track detectors calibration for heavy charged particles in cosmic ray experiments, considering track etching rates as function of particle charge and velocity
Blanford, G. E., Jr.↗
Measurement of the muon spin precession frequency using the straw tracking detectors at the Fermilab Muon g-2 experiment
The measurement of the anomalous magnetic dipole moment of the muon ($a_{\mu}$) has long stood as an excellent precision test of the Standard Model (SM). The Fermilab Muon g-2 experiment has recently finished data-taking and in July 2023 published its latest determination of $a_\mu$ with a world-leading precision of 0.2\,ppm. In this publication, it surpassed the systematic uncertainty goal defined in the TDR. The analyses of a dataset approximately four times larger than this recent publication is now underway. The principle measurement of the Muon g-2 experiment measures $a_{\mu}$ by taking the ratio of two frequencies; the anomalous precession frequency ($\omega_a$) and the muon-weighted magnetic field of the experiment's storage ring measured from the precession frequency of protons in water using nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) probes. In all publications to date, $\omega_a$ has been determined using energy deposits in the 24 calorimeters. However, the Fermilab experiment has t wo straw tracker detectors measuring the time and momentum of charged particles which can in principle also be used to to measure $\omega_a$ and such a measurement can provide an invaluable cross-check of the calorimeter result with different, and reduced, systematic uncertainties. This thesis presents the first (blinded) determination of $\omega_a$ using just charged tracks from the straw tracking detectors as opposed to calorimeter energy deposits. This analysis was undertaken using the Run-2/3 dataset which represents approximately 25\% of the final dataset. A total uncertainty of 2.19\,ppm on $\omega_a$ was obtained which is dominated by the statistical uncertainty of 2.16\,ppm. Additionally two new methodologies important to the analysis of the straw tracking data have been developed: one to better determine the track arrival time ($t_0$) and one to determine the level of pileup in the tracking detectors. The new $t_0$ algorithm which incorporates angular information improves t he resolution on the determination of the $t_0$ by a factor of two and results in 19\% more tracks being successfully reconstructed. The data from the trackers is also used to determine the beam profile that weights the magnetic field in the determination of $a_\mu$ and in determining several of the systematic uncertainties in the calorimeter-based $\omega_a$ analysis. A detailed study of the impact of the internal alignment of the tracker, the $t_0$ and pileup on the determination of the beam position was undertaken and propagated through to an uncertainty in the $\omega_a$ determination. These uncertainties were used in the Fermilab Muon g-2 experiment's recent publication in Phys. Rev. Lett.
72 PHYSICS OF ELEMENTARY PARTICLES AND FIELDS↗
The Nagoya cosmic-ray muon spectrometer 3, part 2: Track detector
The twelve wide gap spark chambers were utilized as the track detectors of the Nagoya cosmic-ray muon spectrometer not only to obtain the precise locations of particles, but also to get some information about the correspondences between segments of trajectories. The area of each chamber is 150 x 70 sq cm and the width of a gap is 5 cm. The gas used is He at the atmospheric pressure. Each three pairs of them are placed on both sides of the deflection magnet. All images of sparks for each event are projected through the mirror system and recorded by two cameras stereoscopically. The mean detection efficiency of each chamber is 95 + or - 2% and the spacial resolution (jitter and drift) obtained from the prototype-experiment is 0.12 mm. Maximum detectable momentum of the spectrometer is estimated at about 10 TeV/c taking into account these characteristics together with the effects of the energy loss and multiple Coulomb scattering of muons in the iron magnet.
Shibata, S.↗
Incident angle dependence of proton response of CR-39 (TS-16) track detector
The proton response of the TS-16 type of CR-39 plastic nuclear track detector has been studied with accelerated and fast neutron induced protons in vacuum and in air. The diameters of etched tracks were measured as a function of etching time and the etch rate ratio and the etch induction layer were determined from the growth curve of the diameter using a variable etch rate ratio model. In the case of the accelerated protons in vacuum an anomalous incident angle dependence of the response is observed.
Radiation Monitoring/instrumentation↗
Forward silicon vertex/tracking detector design and R$\&$D for the future Electron-Ion Collider
The proposed high-luminosity high-energy Electron-Ion Collider (EIC) will provide a clean environment to precisely study several fundamental questions in the fields of high-energy and nuclear physics . A low material budget and high granularity silicon vertex/tracking detector is critical to carry out a series of hadron and jet measurements at the future EIC especially for the heavy flavor product reconstruction or tagging. The conceptual design of a proposed forward silicon tracking detector with the pseudorapidity coverage from 1.2 to 3.5 has been developed in integration with different magnet options and the other EIC detector sub-systems. The tracking performance of this detector enables precise heavy flavor hadron and jet measurements in the hadron beam going direction. The detector R&D for the proposed silicon technology candidates: Low Gain Avalanche Diode (LGAD) and radiation hard depleted Monolithic Active Pixel Sensor (MALTA), which can provide good spatial and timing resolutions, is underway. Bench test results of the LGAD and MALTA prototype sensors will be discussed.
72 PHYSICS OF ELEMENTARY PARTICLES AND FIELDS↗
Response of CR-39 nuclear track detectors to protons with non-normal incidence
This paper presents data from experiments with protons at non-normal incidence to CR-39 nuclear track detectors, analyzing the properties of detection efficiency, proton track diameter, track contrast, and track eccentricity. Understanding the CR-39 response to protons incident at an angle is important for designing charged particle detectors for inertial confinement fusion (ICF) applications. This study considers protons with incident energies less than 3 MeV. In this regime, an incident angle of 10° has no effect on CR-39 detection efficiency, and >85% detection efficiency is preserved up through 25° in the range of 1.0 MeV–2.1 MeV. For ICF applications, incident angles above 30° are deemed impractical for detector design due to significant drops in proton detection at all energies. We observe significant reductions in detection efficiency compared to theoretical predictions, particularly at low energies where proton tracks are etched away. The proton track diameter measured by the scan system is observed to decrease with higher incident angles. The track diameters are analyzed with two fitting models, and it is shown that the diameter–energy relation can be fit with the existing models at angles up to 30° . The optical contrast of the tracks tends to increase with the angle, meaning that the tracks are fainter, and a larger increase is observed for higher energies. Eccentricity, a measure of how elongated proton tracks are, increases with the incident angle and drops after the critical angle. The lowest energy tracks remain nearly circular even at higher angles.
47 OTHER INSTRUMENTATION↗
Response of CR-39 nuclear track detectors to protons with non-normal incidence
This paper presents data from experiments with protons at non-normal incidence to CR-39 nuclear track detectors, analyzing the properties of detection efficiency, proton track diameter, track contrast, and track eccentricity. Understanding the CR-39 response to protons incident at an angle is important for designing charged particle detectors for inertial confinement fusion (ICF) applications. This study considers protons with incident energies less than 3 MeV. In this regime, an incident angle of 10° has no effect on CR-39 detection efficiency, and >85% detection efficiency is preserved up through 25° in the range of 1.0 MeV–2.1 MeV. For ICF applications, incident angles above 30° are deemed impractical for detector design due to significant drops in proton detection at all energies. We observe significant reductions in detection efficiency compared to theoretical predictions, particularly at low energies where proton tracks are etched away. The proton track diameter measured by the scan system is observed to decrease with higher incident angles. The track diameters are analyzed with two fitting models, and it is shown that the diameter–energy relation can be fit with the existing models at angles up to 30°. The optical contrast of the tracks tends to increase with the angle, meaning that the tracks are fainter, and a larger increase is observed for higher energies. Eccentricity, a measure of how elongated proton tracks are, increases with the incident angle and drops after the critical angle. The lowest energy tracks remain nearly circular even at higher angles.
46 INSTRUMENTATION RELATED TO NUCLEAR SCIENCE AND ↗
Overview of CMOS Sensors for Future Tracking Detectors
Depleted Complementary Metal-Oxide-Semiconductor (CMOS) sensors are emerging as one of the main candidate technologies for future tracking detectors in high luminosity colliders. Their capability of integrating the sensing diode into the CMOS wafer hosting the front-end electronics allows for reduced noise and higher signal sensitivity, due to the direct collection of the sensor signal by the readout electronics. They are suitable for high radiation environments due to the possibility of applying high depletion voltage and the availability of relatively high resistivity substrates. The use of a CMOS commercial fabrication process leads to their cost reduction and allows faster construction of large area detectors. In this contribution, a general perspective of the state of the art of CMOS detectors for High Energy Physics experiments is given. The main developments carried out with regard to these devices in the framework of the CERN RD50 collaboration are summarized.
46 INSTRUMENTATION RELATED TO NUCLEAR SCIENCE AND ↗
In-pixel integration of signal processing and AI/ML based data filtering for particle tracking detectors
We present the first physical realization of in-pixel signal processing with integrated AI-based data filtering for particle tracking detectors. Building on prior work that demonstrated a physics-motivated edge-AI algorithm suitable for ASIC implementation, this work marks a significant milestone toward intelligent silicon trackers. Our prototype readout chip performs real-time data reduction at the sensor level while meeting stringent requirements on power, area, and latency. The chip is taped-out in 28nm TSMC CMOS bulk process, which has been shown to have sufficient radiation hardness for particle experiments. This development represents a key step toward enabling fully on-detector edge AI, with broad implications for data throughput and discovery potential in high-rate, high-radiation environments such as the High-Luminosity LHC.
Parpillon, Benjamin [Fermilab; Illinois U., Chicag↗
EIC Physics from An All-Silicon Tracking Detector
The proposed electron-ion collider has a rich physics program to study the internal structure of protons and heavy nuclei. This program will impose strict requirements on detector design. This paper explores how these requirements can be satisfied using an all-silicon tracking detector, by consideration of three representative probes: heavy flavor hadrons, jets, and exclusive vector mesons.
Arrington, John↗
Charge, energy and LET spectra of high LET primary and secondary particles in CR-39 plastic nuclear track detectors of the P0006 experiment
We have measured the charge, energy and linear energy transfer (LET) spectra of about 800 high LET (LET(sub infinity) H2O greater than 50 keV/micron) particles in CR-39 plastic nuclear track detectors in the P0006 experiment of LDEF. Primary particles with residual range at the reference surface greater than about 2 microns and secondary particles produced in the detector material with total range greater than about 4 microns were measured. We have used a multi-etch technique and an internal calibration to identify and measure the energy of the particles at the reference surface. The LET spectrum was obtained from the charge and energy distribution of the particles.
Csige, I.↗