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Shusterman, Jennifer

Publications and source records attributed to Shusterman, Jennifer.

LLNL measurements of thermally irradiated HEU sample and saltwater-matrixed HEU sample

Two scintillation vials, kindly provided by the PNNL team, were received in the LLNL radiochemistry building on June 10, 2024; one containing approximately 2 mL dissolved thermally-irradiated HEU, and the other containing dried salt from irradiated seawater. A quick, semiquantitative screening count of the salt showed that the activation product activities were very low, with the highest activity being ~1 Bq 24 Na. The dissolved HEU solution was transferred to a Prindle vial (LLNL standard counting geometry) and weighed. Approximately 2 mL 3 M HNO 3 was added so that the solution completely covered the bottom of the vial and Gamanal software would be able to accurately generate an efficiency curve. This sample, called “PNNLFP24” is the irradiated HEU solution received, gravimetrically diluted by a factor of 1.7356 ± 0.0003, and was sent for quick gamma counting prior to further modification. Meanwhile the salt was quantitatively transferred to a 250 mL polyethylene bottle and dissolved in 160 mL 3 M HNO 3 . After counting, 50 µL PNNLFP24 was aliquoted for Resonance Ionization Mass Spectrometry (RIMS) analysis, and then 10.0 mL of the salt solution (6.03% of the total salt, gravimetrically) was added to the remaining PNNLFP24 solution to make “PNNLFPSW24”. After weighing, two 100 µL aliquots were removed for RIMS and DES, and 3 mL was aliquoted for microfluidic chemistry. The remaining “PNNLFPSW24” solution was weighed and proceeded for singles and coincidence counting on the MCBOS system.

37 INORGANIC, ORGANIC, PHYSICAL, AND ANALYTICAL CH↗

Electrophoretic deposition for improved trace element homogeneity in silica reference materials

Spatially-resolved analysis requires homogeneous reference materials (RMs) to make reliable quantitative measurements. Here we previously developed an electrophoretic deposition (EPD) method for fabrication of glassy microanalytical RMs with superior platinum-group element homogeneity **[1], and now include further dopants. For 39 trace elements, we analyzed dopant homogeneity in sintered silica (SiO 2 ) samples consolidated either mechanically by die-pressing (DP) or by EPD. A set of EPD and DP samples was made from each of two nanoparticle feedstocks produced by variations of the Stöber process **[2]. Spatially-resolved dopant distribution was characterized in all samples by laser-ablation inductively-coupled plasma mass spectrometry (LA-ICP-MS). In both sample sets, homogeneity of most trace elements was substantially improved by EPD relative to their DP counterpart.

36 MATERIALS SCIENCE↗

Rapid Quantification of 237 U Specific Activity for Nuclear Forensics

In the event of an unattributed nuclear explosion, rapid assessment of the short-lived uranium isotope activity and mass can provide valuable information for subsequent forensic analysis. Rapid analysis in the field is enabled by using microfluidic chemistry and deployable instrumentation. Here, this work presents a flow chemistry system, controlled in LabVIEW, that integrates three functionalities: (1) selective extraction of uranium from the sample matrix via a 3D-printed supported liquid membrane module; (2) UV–visible absorbance spectrophotometry to measure the total uranium concentration in the strip flow; and (3) a portable CdTe γ-ray spectrometer coupled to a 3D-printed flow cell to measure 237 U activity concentration in the strip solution. The system was calibrated using standard solutions, and its functionality was demonstrated using a solution of depleted uranium spiked with 237 U. Uranium concentrations of 40–5000 μg/mL were directly quantified online using a 100 mm optical flow cell, while concentrations of 0.5–10 μg/mL were quantified online using a colorimetric reagent. The mass concentration measurement takes approximately 60 min while the activity concentration via γ-ray spectrometry varies depending on the activity of 237 U, with 1 kBq/mL requiring about 30 min of acquisition time to obtain <10% uncertainty at 1σ. This platform provides a fieldable approach for quantifying uranium mass and radioactivity relevant to postdetonation nuclear debris.

37 INORGANIC, ORGANIC, PHYSICAL, AND ANALYTICAL CH↗