Search NASASearch

DOE OSTI · 2892530

Ultra-sensitive radon assay using an electrostatic chamber in a recirculating system

Anker, Astrid [SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory (SLAC), Menlo Park, CA (United States); et al.] (ORCID:0000000165275855)·Breur, P. A.·Mong, B.·Acharya, P.·Amy, A.·Angelico, E.·Arnquist, Issac J.·Atencio, A.·Bane, J.·Belov, V.·Bernard, E. P.·Bhatta, T.·Bolotnikov, Aleksey (ORCID:0009000848868091)·Breslin, J.·Brodsky, J. P.·Bron, S.·Brown, E.·Brunner, T.·Burnell, B.·Caden, E.·Cao, L. Q.·Cao, G. F.·Cesmecioglu, D.·Chernyak, D.·Chiu, M.·Collister, R.·Daniels, T.·Darroch, L.·DeVoe, R.·di Vacri, Maria Laura·Ding, Y. Y.·Dolinski, M. J.·Dragone, A.·Eckert, B.·Elbeltagi, M.·Emara, A.·Fairbank, W.·Fatemighomi, N.·Foust, B.·Fu, Y. S.·Gallacher, D.·Gallice, N.·Giacomini, G.·Gillis, W.·Gorham, Aron·Gornea, R.·Gratta, G.·Guan, Y. D.·Hardy, C. A.·Hedges, S.·Heffner, M.·Hein, E.·Holt, J. D.·Iverson, A.·Jiang, X. S.·Karelin, A.·Keblbeck, D.·Kotov, I.·Kuchenkov, A.·Kumar, K. S.·Larson, A.·Latif, M. B.·Leach, K. G.·Lenardo, B. G.·Lennarz, A.·Leonard, D. S.·Leung, K.·Lewis, H.·Li, G.·Li, X.·Li, Z.·Licciardi, C.·Lindsay, R.·MacLellan, R.·Majidi, S.·Malbrunot, C.·Marquis, M.·Masbou, J.·Medina-Peregrina, M.·Mngonyama, S.·Moore, D. C.·Ngwadla, X. E.·Ni, K.·Nolan, A.·Nowicki, S. C.·Nzobadila Ondze, J. C.·Odian, A.·Orrell, John L. (ORCID:0000000179684051)·Ortega, Gabriel S.·Overman, Cory T.·Pagani, Luca (ORCID:0000000234692581)·Peltz Smalley, H.·Perna, A.·Piepke, A.·Pocar, A.·Radeka, V.·Raguzin, E.·Rai, R.·Rasiwala, H.·Ray, D.

Abstract

Rare event searches such as neutrinoless double beta decay and Weakly Interacting Massive Particle detection require ultra-low background detectors. Radon contamination is a significant challenge for these experiments, which employ highly sensitive radon assay techniques to identify and select low-emission materials. This work presents the development of ultra-sensitive electrostatic chamber (ESC) instruments designed to measure radon emanation in a recirculating gas loop, for future lower background experiments. Unlike traditional methods that separate emanation and detection steps, this system allows continuous radon transport and detection. This is made possible with a custom-built recirculation pump. A Python-based analysis framework, PyDAn, was developed to process and fit time-dependent radon decay data. Radon emanation rates are given for various materials measured with this instrument. A radon source of known activity provides an absolute calibration, enabling statistically-limited minimal detectable activities of 20 µBq. These devices are powerful tools for screening materials in the development of low-background particle physics experiments.

Explore related subjects

Keep this discovery

BibTeXRIS

Anker, Astrid [SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory (SLAC), Menlo Park, CA (United States); et al.] (ORCID:0000000165275855), Breur, P. A., Mong, B., Acharya, P., Amy, A., Angelico, E., Arnquist, Issac J., Atencio, A., Bane, J., Belov, V., Bernard, E. P., Bhatta, T., Bolotnikov, Aleksey (ORCID:0009000848868091), Breslin, J., Brodsky, J. P., Bron, S., Brown, E., Brunner, T., Burnell, B., Caden, E., Cao, L. Q., Cao, G. F., Cesmecioglu, D., Chernyak, D., Chiu, M., Collister, R., Daniels, T., Darroch, L., DeVoe, R., di Vacri, Maria Laura, Ding, Y. Y., Dolinski, M. J., Dragone, A., Eckert, B., Elbeltagi, M., Emara, A., Fairbank, W., Fatemighomi, N., Foust, B., Fu, Y. S., Gallacher, D., Gallice, N., Giacomini, G., Gillis, W., Gorham, Aron, Gornea, R., Gratta, G., Guan, Y. D., Hardy, C. A., Hedges, S., Heffner, M., Hein, E., Holt, J. D., Iverson, A., Jiang, X. S., Karelin, A., Keblbeck, D., Kotov, I., Kuchenkov, A., Kumar, K. S., Larson, A., Latif, M. B., Leach, K. G., Lenardo, B. G., Lennarz, A., Leonard, D. S., Leung, K., Lewis, H., Li, G., Li, X., Li, Z., Licciardi, C., Lindsay, R., MacLellan, R., Majidi, S., Malbrunot, C., Marquis, M., Masbou, J., Medina-Peregrina, M., Mngonyama, S., Moore, D. C., Ngwadla, X. E., Ni, K., Nolan, A., Nowicki, S. C., Nzobadila Ondze, J. C., Odian, A., Orrell, John L. (ORCID:0000000179684051), Ortega, Gabriel S., Overman, Cory T., Pagani, Luca (ORCID:0000000234692581), Peltz Smalley, H., Perna, A., Piepke, A., Pocar, A., Radeka, V., Raguzin, E., Rai, R., Rasiwala, H., Ray, D.. 2025-08-01. Ultra-sensitive radon assay using an electrostatic chamber in a recirculating system. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.nima.2025.170876

Cite the original work for its findings. Save a collection to share your selection of sources.

Discover connections

Connections use source metadata and explicit phrase matches, not verified experimental comparisons.

KEEP EXPLORING

Related discoveries

Robust Heat-Flux Sensors for Coal-Fired Boiler Extreme Environments

In this project, robust heat-flux measurement systems were developed. The heat-flux sensors utilize thermoelectric effects to directly transduce the heat-flux inputs to analog electrical voltage signals. They were constructed from dedicated materials that can withstand temperatures of at least 1000°C and maintain adequate performance at these conditions for prolonged periods of time. The proposed approaches took into account numerous considerations, including system cost, sensor head resilience, sensor footprint, data accuracy, response time, and maintenance requirements. Through modern thermoelectric materials design, methodical materials selection and rigorous testing in materials characterization labs and medium-scale fire research facilities, we have demonstrated functioning laboratory prototypes, upon which one could base industrial heat-flux sensing platforms capable of operating in the challenging high-temperature, corrosive environments of the boilers of coal-fired power plants. A distributed sensor array for heat-flux measurements throughout the furnace water-wall, the superheater area and the economizer coils can provide critical data for the power plant control systems to increase efficiency, improve safety and reduce down times. For example, the combined heat-flux sensor/control systems can contribute to the optimization of burner and boiler operations under flexible loads, the optimization of heat-exchange conditions and overall reduction of heat rate and emissions, the prediction of imminent overheating conditions, and the optimization of the soot-blowing protocols.

20 FOSSIL-FUELED POWER PLANTS

The brighter-fatter effect in the JWST MIRI Si:As IBC detectors: I. Observations, impact on science, and modeling

Context.The Mid-Infrared Instrument (MIRI) on board theJames WebbSpace Telescope (JWST) uses three Si:As impurity band conduction (IBC) detector arrays. The output voltage level of each MIRI detector pixel is digitally recorded by sampling up the ramp. For uniform or low-contrast illumination, the pixel ramps become nonlinear in a predictable way, but in areas of high contrast, the nonlinearity curve becomes much more complex. The origin of the effect is poorly understood and currently not calibrated out of the data. Aims.We provide observational evidence of the brighter-fatter effect (BFE) in MIRI conventional and high-contrast coronagraphic imaging, low-resolution spectroscopy, and medium-resolution spectroscopy data, and we investigate the physical mechanism that gives rise to the effect on the MIRI detector pixel raw voltage integration ramps. Methods.We used public data from the JWST/MIRI commissioning and Cycle 1 phase. We also developed a numerical electrostatic model of the MIRI detectors using a modified version of the publicPoisson_CCDcode. Results.We find that the physical mechanism behind the BFE manifesting in MIRI data is fundamentally different to that of charge-coupled devices and photodiode arrays such as the Hawaii-XRG near-infrared detectors used by the NIRISS, NIRCam, and NIRSpec instruments on board JWST. Observationally, the BFE makes the JWST MIRI data yield 10–25% larger point sources and spectral line profiles as a function of the relative level of de-biasing of neighboring detector pixels. This broadening impacts the MIRI absolute flux calibration, time-series observations of faint companions, and point spread function modeling and subtraction. We also find that the intra-pixel 2D profile of the shrinking Si:As IBC detector depletion region directly impacts the accuracy of the pixel ramp nonlinearity calibration model.

Astronomy & Astrophysics

Characterization of lateral amorphous selenium photodetectors for low-photon and VUV detection at cryogenic temperatures

The performance of amorphous selenium (a-Se) as a cryogenic photodetector material is evaluated through a series of experiments using laterally structured devices operated in a custom optical test stand. These studies investigate the response of a-Se detectors to low-photon fluxes at high electric fields near avalanche conditions, the linearity of the photoconductive response over a wide dynamic range and the direct detection of narrowband 130 nm vacuum ultraviolet (VUV) illumination. At 87 K, matched-filter analysis shows reliable single-shot detection with efficiencies ≥80% and area under the curve (AUC) ≥ 0.85 using as few as ∼ 6800 incident 401 nm photons, corresponding to ∼ 3400 photons within field-active regions after accounting for geometric constraints. Measurements are performed at cryogenic temperatures using calibrated photon fluxes derived from a silicon photomultiplier reference and a characterized optical filter stack. Additional experiments using a tellurium-doped a-Se (a-SeTe) device explore the material's behavior under identical test conditions and demonstrate that avalanche is achievable in a-SeTe at cryogenic temperatures. The results demonstrate reproducible low-noise operation, VUV sensitivity and field-dependent gain behavior in a lateral a-Se architecture, representing the first reported observation of avalanche multiplication in laterally structured a-Se and a-SeTe devices at cryogenic temperatures. These findings support the potential integration of laterally structured a-Se devices into next-generation pixelated liquid-argon time projection chambers (TPCs) requiring scalable, high-field-compatible photon detection systems.

Amorphous selenium