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DOE OSTI · 3013664

Sodium-Ion Battery Cathode with Dominating Copper and Oxygen Redox Chemistry

Ronne, Arthur [Brookhaven National Laboratory (BNL), Upton, NY (United States); Stony Brook Univ., NY (United States)] (ORCID:0000000175070757)·Liu, Jue [Oak Ridge National Laboratory (ORNL), Oak Ridge, TN (United States)] (ORCID:000000024453910X)·Zhang, Yiman [Oak Ridge National Laboratory (ORNL), Oak Ridge, TN (United States)]·Li, Mengya [Oak Ridge National Laboratory (ORNL), Oak Ridge, TN (United States)] (ORCID:0000000295814044)·Lee, Seungmin [Brookhaven National Laboratory (BNL), Upton, NY (United States)]·Wang, Jing [Brookhaven National Laboratory (BNL), Upton, NY (United States); Stony Brook Univ., NY (United States)]·Lee, Gi-Hyeok [Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory (LBNL), Berkeley, CA (United States). Advanced Light Source (ALS)]·Yang, Wanli [Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory (LBNL), Berkeley, CA (United States). Advanced Light Source (ALS)] (ORCID:0000000306668063)·Yang, Xiao-Qing [Brookhaven National Laboratory (BNL), Upton, NY (United States)] (ORCID:0000000236253478)·Chen-Wiegart, Yu-chen Karen [Stony Brook Univ., NY (United States); Brookhaven National Laboratory (BNL), Upton, NY (United States). National Synchrotron Light Source II (NSLS-II)] (ORCID:0000000344452159)·Hu, Enyuan [Brookhaven National Laboratory (BNL), Upton, NY (United States); Stony Brook Univ., NY (United States)] (ORCID:0000000218814534)
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Abstract

Sodium-ion batteries offer low-cost energy storage solutions for the grid and electric vehicles, leveraging the established "rocking-chair" Li-ion design and the natural abundance of sodium. However, SIBs face challenges such as relatively lower voltage and capacity than lithium-ion batteries, as well as dependence on nickel resources. Here, in this work, a new nickel-free cathode material, Na 0.75 Li 0.08 Cu 0.25 Mn 0.66 O 2 , was designed and synthesized. This material has a capacity of ~125 mAh/g and an average discharge voltage of 3.5 V. Notably, more than one-third of the capacity arises from lithium substitution of Cu (~8 mol.%) and high voltage activation to 4.6 V. Multimodal synchrotron x-ray characterization combining spectroscopy, microscopy, and scattering reveal the capacity is primarily from the redox of copper and oxygen, with a minor contribution from the manganese redox. Lithium substitution alters the phase transition mechanism from a two-phase transition in P3-Na 2/3 Cu 1/3 Mn 2/3 O 2 to a solid-solution in Na 0.75 Li 0.08 Cu 0.25 Mn 0.66 O 2 , enhancing the reversibility of this material.

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25 ENERGY STORAGEBatteriesElectrodesOxidesOxygen-Redox Reactions

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Ronne, Arthur [Brookhaven National Laboratory (BNL), Upton, NY (United States); Stony Brook Univ., NY (United States)] (ORCID:0000000175070757), Liu, Jue [Oak Ridge National Laboratory (ORNL), Oak Ridge, TN (United States)] (ORCID:000000024453910X), Zhang, Yiman [Oak Ridge National Laboratory (ORNL), Oak Ridge, TN (United States)], Li, Mengya [Oak Ridge National Laboratory (ORNL), Oak Ridge, TN (United States)] (ORCID:0000000295814044), Lee, Seungmin [Brookhaven National Laboratory (BNL), Upton, NY (United States)], Wang, Jing [Brookhaven National Laboratory (BNL), Upton, NY (United States); Stony Brook Univ., NY (United States)], Lee, Gi-Hyeok [Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory (LBNL), Berkeley, CA (United States). Advanced Light Source (ALS)], Yang, Wanli [Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory (LBNL), Berkeley, CA (United States). Advanced Light Source (ALS)] (ORCID:0000000306668063), Yang, Xiao-Qing [Brookhaven National Laboratory (BNL), Upton, NY (United States)] (ORCID:0000000236253478), Chen-Wiegart, Yu-chen Karen [Stony Brook Univ., NY (United States); Brookhaven National Laboratory (BNL), Upton, NY (United States). National Synchrotron Light Source II (NSLS-II)] (ORCID:0000000344452159), Hu, Enyuan [Brookhaven National Laboratory (BNL), Upton, NY (United States); Stony Brook Univ., NY (United States)] (ORCID:0000000218814534). 2026-01-07. Sodium-Ion Battery Cathode with Dominating Copper and Oxygen Redox Chemistry. https://doi.org/10.1021/acsenergylett.5c03483

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Lithium-ion batteries material25 ENERGY STORAGE subjectBatteries subjectElectrodes subjectOxides subjectOxygen-Redox Reactions subject

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