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DOE OSTI · 1900407

Regulating surface potential maximizes voltage in all-perovskite tandems

Chen, Hao·Maxwell, Aidan·Li, Chongwen·Teale, Sam·Chen, Bin·Zhu, Tong·Ugur, Esma·Harrison, George·Grater, Luke·Wang, Junke·Wang, Zaiwei·Zeng, Lewei·Park, So Min·Chen, Lei·Serles, Peter·Awni, Rasha Abbas·Subedi, Biwas·Zheng, Xiaopeng·Xiao, Chuanxiao·Podraza, Nikolas J.·Filleter, Tobin·Liu, Cheng·Yang, Yi·Luther, Joseph M.·De Wolf, Stefaan·Kanatzidis, Mercouri G.·Yan, Yanfa·Sargent, Edward H.
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Abstract

The open circuit voltage (V OC ) deficit in perovskite solar cells (PSCs) is greater in wide bandgap (>1.7 eV) cells than in ~1.5 eV perovskites. Quasi-Fermi level splitting (QFLS) measurements reveal V OC -limiting recombination at the electron transport layer (ETL) contact. This, we find, stems from inhomogeneous surface potential and poor perovskite-ETL energetic alignment. Common monoammonium surface treatments fail to address this; instead we introduce diammonium molecules to modify the perovskite surface states and achieve a more uniform spatial distribution of surface potential. Using 1,3-propane diammonium (PDA), QFLS increases by 90 meV, enabling 1.79 eV PSCs with a certified 1.33 V V OC , and > 19% power conversion efficiency (PCE). Incorporating this layer into a monolithic all-perovskite tandem, we report a record V OC of 2.19 V (89% of the Detailed Balance V OC limit) and > 27% PCE (26.3% certified quasi-steady-state). Furthermore, these tandems retain more than 86% of their initial PCE after 500 hrs operation.

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Chen, Hao, Maxwell, Aidan, Li, Chongwen, Teale, Sam, Chen, Bin, Zhu, Tong, Ugur, Esma, Harrison, George, Grater, Luke, Wang, Junke, Wang, Zaiwei, Zeng, Lewei, Park, So Min, Chen, Lei, Serles, Peter, Awni, Rasha Abbas, Subedi, Biwas, Zheng, Xiaopeng, Xiao, Chuanxiao, Podraza, Nikolas J., Filleter, Tobin, Liu, Cheng, Yang, Yi, Luther, Joseph M., De Wolf, Stefaan, Kanatzidis, Mercouri G., Yan, Yanfa, Sargent, Edward H.. 2022-11-15. Regulating surface potential maximizes voltage in all-perovskite tandems. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41586-022-05541-z

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